If you only read books, you will become a bookcase. (Pay attention to practice)

3 I seem to be a cow, eating grass and milking. (willing to contribute)

4 Dissatisfaction is an upward wheel that can carry people who are not complacent forward. (Modesty)

5. Look down on a thousand fingers, bow down and be a willing ox (clear love and hate)

6. Send a message that Han Xing doesn't pay attention, and I commend Xuanyuan (patriotism) with my blood

7. May all young people in China get rid of air conditioning, just go up and don't have to listen to those who give up on themselves. (Caring for and encouraging young people)

8. In fact, there is no road on the ground, and more people walk, so it becomes a road. (Dare to explore and forge ahead)

9. Where there is a genius, I spend all the time that others drink coffee on my work. (Hard work)

1. Only the national soul is valuable, and only when it is carried forward can China make real progress. (Pay attention to awakening people's consciousness)

11. Be calm, brave, discerning and not selfish.

12. When I was young, I didn't treat him like a human being, but I can't be a human being when I grow up.

13. Ruthlessness is not necessarily a real hero. How can Reiko not be a husband (loving and not hypocritical)?

14. The harder it is, the more you have to do it. Reform has never been smooth sailing. (make progress despite difficulties, forge ahead bravely)

15. Everything must be studied before it can be understood. (rigorous scholarship)

16. Our urgent task now is: first, to survive, second, to have enough food and clothing, and third, to develop. (pragmatic)

17. We must dare to face up to it. Only in this way can we dare to think, speak, do and act. (This is the spirit)

18. The brave are angry and draw the blade to the stronger; The timid are angry, but they draw their swords at the weaker ones. There must be many heroes in the hopeless nation who stare at the children. These pimps. (Dissatisfied with the oppression of the people by the authorities)

19. China has always had few failed heroes, few tenacious resistance, few martial men who dare to fight alone, and few hangers-on who dare to cry traitors; When you see the signs of victory, you gather in succession, and when you see the signs of defeat, you flee in succession. (Worrying about the country and the people)

2. Every time I watch a sports meeting, I often think that the winners are respectable, but the competitors who are lagging behind but still don't run to the finish line and the spectators who are silent when they see such competitors are the backbone of China in the future. (exactly the spirit of the revolution)

21. We China people will always be happy if we destroy things that are not our own, or things that will not be our own. (Advocating learning from the advanced and advocating "takenism")

22. Some scholars in China always love to make stories out of nothing, and they not only praise their lives, but also whitewash the darkness. (attack on reality)

23. It is a big problem of China people that what they have said doesn't count.

24. Since ancient times, there have been people who worked hard, people who worked hard, people who pleaded for their lives for the people, and people who gave their lives for the law ...

25. Those who used to be rich should restore the past, those who are rich should maintain the status quo, and those who have not been rich should innovate, so to speak, so to speak!

26. Humans are never lonely, thinking that life is progressive and natural.

27, as long as it has never been like this, it is a treasure ...

28, the joys and sorrows of human beings are not interlinked ...

29, there are tricks, which are also effective, but limited, so those who have achieved great things by this have never existed since ancient times.

3. The enemy has nothing to fear. The most terrible thing is the moths in his own camp. Many things have been defeated by them.

31. A warrior with shortcomings is a warrior after all, and a precious fly is just a fly after all.

32. Hare dogs are often stricter than their owners. (Beating Reservoir Dogs's spirit)

33. Too much knowledge, either heart-warming or heart-softening. If you live with your heart, you will think, but if you are soft-hearted, you won't take chili pepper's hand ... So your wisdom must be eradicated.

34. Games are children's most proper behaviors, and toys are children's angels.

35. Naivety is like a child to an old man. There is no shame in it, and so is a work. At first, naivety is not a shame.

36. Facts are heartless things, which can smash empty words into pieces.

37. A lie written in ink can never hide the fact written in blood. (ruthlessly exposed)

38. It has never been like this, right?

39. In fact, pioneers can easily become stumbling blocks.

4. It's common for a scholar to write a composition. If he takes a photo, the scholar will pretend to be a clown and play with a "lotus hoe with a hat". The farmer is holding a book in Liu Xia, pretending to be a "deep willow reading map" and so on, which will be disgusting.

41. There is no freedom if you are greedy for stability. If you want to be free, you have to go through some dangers. There are only two ways.

42. If you want to take care of everything, you can't do anything.

43. Time is life. Waste other people's time for no reason, in fact, it is tantamount to murder for money.

44. When talking with celebrities, pretend that you don't understand what he says occasionally. Too ignorant to be looked down upon, too knowledgeable to be hated. Sometimes I don't understand, and it is most appropriate for each other.

45. It is very bad to do something, big or small, without perseverance.

46. When we are with friends, we can take off our clothes, but we have to wear armor when we go into battle.

47. If the dead are not buried in the hearts of the living, they are really dead.

48, intense fast, also peaceful fast, even decadent fast.

49. It's always harder to reform yourself than to forbid others to come. (Have the courage to dissect yourself)

5. Huge buildings are always stacked with one stone and one wood. How can we do this? I often do odd jobs, that's why.

51.-As long as you can cultivate a flower, you might as well be rotten grass.

52. When I am silent, I feel full; I will open my mouth and feel empty at the same time.

53. I love my weeds, but I hate the ground decorated with weeds.

54. I would rather fight openly with the enemy than be countered by my colleagues.

55. It is not total contempt to say who you despise. Only silence is the highest contempt-the highest contempt is silence, and even the eyes are not turned away.

Think about the rest for yourself.

Politicians have made authoritative judgments on the spirit of Lu Xun, which can be summarized as "political foresight", "spirit of struggle" and "spirit of sacrifice". This makes sense, but political judgment can't replace academic judgment after all. Lu Xun has won many dazzling titles of "home" and "home", and in my opinion, he is an independent "thinker" first (calling it "home" may cause unnecessary controversy). The essence and life of a thinker can only be independent thinking and expression with the pursuit of truth as its own responsibility. Lu Xun believes that intellectuals, as thinkers, must have "research, thinking, determination and perseverance". In this regard, it will be recognized that independent thinking is the most fundamental "Lu Xun spirit."

Indeed, "independence" is the bottom line of Lu Xun's personality, and he regards "the most independent person" as "a strong person". Even if the public equality was more important in the later period, it never gave up this bottom line. He has always and repeatedly advocated: "whatever you say and write, you should take" the truth that you take for granted "; During the speech, I also "must let me say something I want to say"; "Good literary and artistic works ... are naturally revealed from the heart", "Say what you want to say in your heart" and "Literati should not be easy-going"; I hope that young people will "express their true feelings". In short, we should "think for ourselves and observe for ourselves" and insist on independent thinking. Isn't that how Lu Xun practiced?

The whole Complete Works of Lu Xun is the testimony of his independent thinking. What can fully embody this spirit is his understanding of the "revolution" he supported and participated in. When the tide of "revolution" strikes, people are all proud of it, but they are rarely alert to it. But Lu Xun did it. Although he affirmed the historical role of revolutionary violence, he opposed to understanding "revolution" as "a very terrible thing" and thought that "revolution is not to teach people to die, but to teach people to live". He also pointed out that "revolution" may also make mistakes, resulting in tragedies such as "not revolutionary or being killed by revolution as counter-revolutionary" and "being killed by revolution or counter-revolutionary as nothing". He also strongly criticized the extremely harmful extreme left tendency of "catching a flag" and "taking whipping as the only achievement". In particular, it warned: "The end of the revolution is probably only due to the infiltration of speculators ... any revolution in any sense." Please note that it is a "revolution in any sense"! He also pointed out the danger that the revolution was "killed" and "from slick and thin to extinction, and then it would be a revival". These warnings are thought-provoking and never out of date. For the tragedy of our neighbors, isn't it a prophecy?

related to this is how to treat the masses. Lu Xun appreciated and practiced self-sacrifice for the public interest, and always appeared as "a person in the public". He believes that "the public is the soil that produces' genius'" and advocates art that belongs to the public. However, he never worships the public blindly, and resolutely opposes "catering to and pleasing the public", "pleasing the public" and "becoming the new helper of the public". In particular, it is pointed out that under the condition that the public is generally unconscious, some awakened people who "shout and rush" will often be "drowned by the public's spit"; "The people's desire to fight evil is no less than that of scholars and warlords". He also complained bitterly: "Soon after the revolution, I was cheated by slaves and became their slave." Therefore, he advocated the reform of "national character". However, he is enthusiastic to "mourn his misfortune and anger him", but resolutely opposes "not saying a word or making a shot at the main force of darkness, but nagging at the' weak'" Among revolutionaries, who can treat the masses dialectically like him?

He also has original views on the relationship between literature and art, politics and revolution. He pointed out sharply: "only politics should be content with the status quo, and nature and literature and art that are not content with the status quo are in different directions." Politicians hate it when people resist his opinions, and they hate it when people want to think and speak. " He also said: "Politicians believe that writers are instigators of social disturbances, and they want to kill him and the society will be safe. I don't know that if the writer is killed, the society will still be revolutionary. " Isn't that how many literary tragedies happen? He also opposed the "revolutionary" signboard of literature and art, and thought that literature and art "did not have the doctrine first, and then did it according to the doctrine." It is also pointed out that there is no time to do "revolutionary literature" in the revolution, and "when there is literature, the revolution will have been successful"; "So some people compliment the revolution, and some people praise the revolution. This is no longer revolutionary literature. They compliment and praise the revolution, that is, they praise those who have power and have anything to do with the revolution. " At this time, "there may be sensitive writers who feel dissatisfied with the status quo and want to speak out again", while politicians will "re-adopt the old methods used by those people in the past" and "cut off" the writers who are dissatisfied with the status quo, and even "cut off his head". The subsequent tragic songs in the literary world proved that this was simply an ominous prophecy.

There is also "patriotism" which is regarded as sacred and incomparable. Lu Xun, of course, was a patriot who recommended Xuanyuan with my blood and appreciated that he was willing to give his life for the independence and freedom of the country. However, he opposes passing "quintessence" off as "patriotism", thinking that it is "taking this country as a shadow" and "holding it high", but actually hunting for personal "glory". He called this "patriotism" "gregarious patriotic arrogance". He sneered at such slogans as "Morality is the best in the world" and "Better spiritual civilization", but paid more attention to the historical tradition of the people's courage and hard work, which has been the "backbone of China" since ancient times, such as "working hard", "working hard for the people" and "dying for the law". In particular, he reminded people to be wary of such a "patriotic" propaganda: "It's hard to be a slave of another race" and "it's better to be our own slave like us". This is actually a servile "patriotism". Robespierre put it well: under the absolute monarchy, "only the monarch has the motherland" and only the monarch "can be patriotic". History has repeatedly proved that "patriotism" is a double-edged sword. A little carelessness may turn it into a fig leaf of absolutism.

Lu Xun's love and hate were clear all his life, and he praised the truth, goodness and beauty. But he did devote himself to criticizing the false, the evil and the ugly. And this is precisely the main duty of intellectuals. As Xizhe said, "the greatest contribution of intellectuals is to keep dissent" and "intellectuals should play the role of questioning rather than consulting". So some people compare intellectuals to owls who insist on darkness and don't relax. Socrates in ancient Greece called intellectuals "the gadfly", which was similar to this idea. Although China has always liked phoenixes and magpies, and hated owls, Lu Xun often made owls, exposing "the decoration of the night", "the cream painted on the grimace", and "acting as the master" and "the" comrade-in-arms "with duplicity. He gave bitter ridicule and devastating attack to those "revolutionary writers" who "welcome magpies, hate owls, and only know how to pick up a few auspicious signs to intoxicated themselves". This makes Lu Xun's independent thinking more critical and highlights Lu Xun's intellectual nature.

independent thinking requires corresponding subjective and objective conditions.

objectively, there should be a minimum living and thinking environment. Lu Xun soberly realized: "Freedom can't be bought by money, but it can be sold for money." "In order to prepare for not being a puppet, economic rights are the most important in today's society." Therefore, he opposed the "captive" of the teachers of law as "a plaything and hanger-on between the right horse and the right horse". At that time, after all, the powerful people failed to control all the living resources, including publishing and media resources. This makes it possible for Lu Xun to survive outside the system, from the Ministry of Education to university teachers, and finally to become a freelance writer who sells articles for a living. With a certain free living space, he insists on independent thinking.

a clever woman can't cook without rice. Subjectively, thinkers need rich knowledge, scientific methods and fearless courage. There is no need to say more about Lu Xun's breadth. Just look at the book list and his essays in Lu Xun's Diary. Even the extensive Mao Zedong praised Lu Xun for "knowing everything about foreign countries and China". His knowledge also includes his life experience gained by "reading this living book with his own eyes", and Cai Yuanpei praised him for his "deep experience". Lu Xun also has a scientifically trained analytical mind. His good friend Xu Shoushang pointed out: "Lu Xun's mind has been scientifically trained, his eyes are extremely sharp, his heart is extremely thin and his courage is great." This enables him to break through the limitation of China's traditional fuzzy overall thinking, focus on the general situation, dissect and analyze the details, be suspicious where there is no doubt, and make in-depth and detailed analysis of things. Lu Xun himself said: "I look at things too carefully, which means I have more doubts" and "every time I refuse to believe superficial things".

Of course, you need the courage to stick to the truth. Lu Xun believes that "the true intellectual class is indifferent to interests" and can "speak boldly". Especially in a society lacking freedom of thought and speech, it is especially necessary to dare to take risks. He is very clear: "greed