Confucius is a great thinker and educator in China. His thoughts are preserved in The Analects of Confucius compiled by him and his disciples, which is a bright gem in the splendid culture of ancient China. Nowadays, there is an upsurge of learning China classics all over the country. Of course, the Analects of Confucius is indispensable, because the influence of Confucius' thought makes us not be ignored. Although it has gone through thousands of years, its educational thought, harmonious thought, benevolent government thought and gentleman thought have exerted great influence not only on ancient China and modern society, but also on the ideology and culture of other countries.
First of all, let's take a look at the views on learning in The Analects. ? Study from time to time, let alone (study and write)? If a person keeps cherishing his old knowledge in order to gain new knowledge, he may be someone else's teacher. Learning without thinking is useless, thinking without learning is lazy. A person's real knowledge lies in knowing what he knows and what he doesn't know. ? (for political articles)? Sensitive and eager to learn, not ashamed to ask questions, is for literature. ? (Ye Gong Long)? Knowing is not as good as knowing, and knowing is not as good as being willing to know. Above China people, you can also talk; Under the people of China, you can't speak. ? (Yongye)? What is it that I study silently, never tire of learning, and never tire of teaching? I was not born knowing, so old, so eager to seek. In a threesome, there must be a teacher; Good people follow it, and bad people change it. (Describe the article)? If you don't learn, you may lose. ? (Taber)? It passed like this, day and night! ? (Zi Han)? I don't eat for a day and sleep for a night. It's no use thinking about it. It is better to learn. Teach indiscriminately. ? (Wei Linggong)? Sex is similar, but learning is far away. ? (Yang Huo)? Knowing its day and forgetting its month can be said to be eager to learn. ? The analysis of Confucius' learning thought should be combined with his background of the times. On the one hand, he became a great educator because he proposed? Don't teach in class At the same time, he also thinks learning is important? When knowing? 、? Not ashamed to ask? In other words, learners should have a correct learning attitude. Although? Don't teach in class Now people are familiar with the concept, but it was put forward in the era of Confucius, which became a major breakthrough in the history of education in China. Confucius is very modest to people. According to legend, Confucius used to learn from a scholar younger than himself, and Yan Yuan, a disciple of Confucius, was much older than Confucius. A threesome requires a teacher. ? Our understanding is not limited to the times, which is very difficult. Confucius stood on the shore and lamented that time passed as fast as running water, telling himself and his disciples to cherish time to study. At the same time, he believes that learning should be in a state of being willing to know, so that learners can feel the joy of learning. This is as prescient as the modern society's proposal to cultivate students' interest in learning. Not everyone is? Born to know? What is Confucius' experience in summing up his achievements? Sensitive and studious? Educate disciples to work hard. Confucius disciple Zaiyu slept during the day, and Confucius said yes? You can't carve rotten wood, and you can't carve the wall of dirt. ? It can be seen that Confucius is very strict with learners. In addition, Confucius taught different students different contents, that is, ready to use? Different from person to person? The method. For example, both Zhang Zi and Yan Yuan are asking Confucius about? Ren? Confucius gave different answers when he raised this question. Confucius also believes that poetry and music have certain educational effects on people. For example, there are 300 poems. In a word, they say: Naively think? . Poetry can be appreciated, observed, grouped and resented. The father of rice, the king of distant things; Names that plague fish, birds, animals and plants. ? In the contemporary era, we once again set off the upsurge of learning Chinese studies, and realized that they are part of China's 5,000-year-old excellent traditional culture, and their educational function still has certain significance to us.
Secondly, let's take a look at Confucius' view of gentleman. ? A gentleman should not worry about not having enough to eat, be prepared for danger in times of peace, be cautious in words and deeds, be honest and clean, and be thirsty for knowledge. ? (studying and writing)? The week of gentlemen is incomparable, and the week of villains is incomparable. ? (for political articles)? A gentleman can defeat the enemy without fighting! Make way for life, drink it and fight for it. ? (eight-part essay)? Gentleman likes virtue, villain likes earth; A gentleman is guilty of punishment, but a villain is guilty of profit. A gentleman talks but doesn't do it. ? (Li Ren)? There are four ways for a gentleman: respect for oneself, respect for things, support for the people with benefits and the people with righteousness. ? (Ye Gong Long)? Quality is better than literature, and literature is better than quality. Gentle, then a gentleman. A gentleman has a gift, which can be given by courtesy or by husband. ? (Yongye)? An upright man is open and poised while a petty man is anxious and worried. ? (Describe the article)? A virtuous person helps others to achieve their moral perfection, not their evil behavior. The villain is the opposite. ? (Yan yuan)? A gentleman is harmonious but different, and a villain is not harmonious. A gentleman is Thai but not arrogant, and a villain is arrogant but not Thai. ? (Luz)? Gentleman, villain. ? (Constitutional issues)? The meaning of a gentleman is quality, and politeness is action. What a gentleman! This is what Sun said and what he believed. A gentleman seeks for himself, while a villain seeks for others. ? (Wei Linggong)? A gentleman has three fears: fear of destiny, fear of adults, and fear of the words of saints. I don't know my fate, and I'm not afraid. A gentleman has Jiu Si: thinking intelligently, listening attentively, looking gently, looking respectfully, speaking faithfully, thinking respectfully, asking doubtfully, feeling resentful and difficult. ? In the Analects of Confucius, there is a lot of space to describe Confucius' gentleman thought. Confucius believes that the so-called gentleman should be literate, righteous, thoughtful and polite. Being literate means learning, being sensitive, eager to learn and being polite. Talent and intelligence are valuable, but nurture is also essential. So does this gentleman want it? Gentle? ; Meaning, just want it? Taking righteousness as the quality? Treat people with courtesy and treat people with sincerity and friendliness; There is a saying that they have their own ways and methods of behavior, have the courage to pursue the truth, and constantly improve themselves for their own cultivation and moral improvement; Thinking is to have your own unique thoughts. Confucius believed that a gentleman should have Jiu Si: after reading it, he should think clearly, after listening to it, whether he looks gentle and respectful, whether he speaks loyally, prudently, doubts, asks, is angry and is righteous when he obtains financial resources. Politeness means being polite to others and behaving politely. To do the above, you should be called a gentleman! Looking at Confucius' way of being a gentleman again, for us now, it should be that people should have certain constraints on their own behavior, know the scale of advance and retreat, and constantly improve themselves. Ming and the people are the core of Confucius' gentleman thought, and so is contemporary society. Although there is a sound legal system, there will still be some people who do not abide by it. It can be said that modern society is like a big dye vat. Some people can keep a calm attitude in complex relationships and distinguish between right and wrong, which is sensitivity. Then who is this kind of person who is not a gentleman?
Third, a brief analysis of Confucius about? Ren? The idea. ? Ren? It can be said that it is the core of Confucius' thought, so it has a certain important position in The Analects. Like what? People are not kind, such as courtesy? What is the pleasure of being heartless? Only the benevolent can be kind. How do you know what kind of people are benevolent? Confucius gave a clear answer:? If a person is kind, he has to stand up, stand up, and reach a person, he can make a very close analogy, which can be said to be a benevolent side. ? Meanwhile, Confucius said:? Scholars can't help becoming Hongyi, they still have a long way to go. Benevolence is not only important (Taber). Sages should take benevolence as their own responsibility, set lofty goals and shoulder great responsibilities. Benevolence has become a catalyst for people to realize their ideals and wishes here. Duke Zhong asked Confucius how to be good, and Confucius said: Going out as a big guest makes the people like a big sacrifice. No complaints in the state, no complaints at home. ? (Yan Yuan) Treat people cautiously, like a guest, without resentment, and? Don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you? This sentence can be described as a classic famous sentence, which shines in the long river of history and is well known by people so far. What is its ideological core? Ren? . ? The benevolent loves others? We are all familiar with his ideas. In just four words, I think it contains at least three meanings: first, to be kind, learn to care about others; Second, as a benevolent person, you should have corresponding noble qualities, and loving others is the best performance; Third, love, which can be understood as friendly coexistence with the surrounding environment, is undoubtedly teaching us the way to make friends. ? Three friends have benefited, and three friends have suffered: friends are straight, friends forgive, and friends listen more, which is beneficial; Friends are easily broken, friends are soft, and friends are easily lost. ? Good friends are like good wine, the better, the stronger. Associating with such people can improve one's self-cultivation and moral character and get rid of inner distractions. Mentor and friend? Everyone knows this truth, so we should make more friends with such people. In addition, Confucius believes that people who can achieve the five virtues of respect, tolerance, sincerity, wisdom and kindness can also be called benevolent.
Finally, look at Confucius' political thought. First of all, Confucius believes that rulers should practice benevolent policies, treat people with righteousness and treat people with courtesy, so as to win the hearts of the people and realize the long-term stability of the country. ? Your emissary is polite and your minister is loyal. ? (eight articles) that is, you win the trust of the minister with courtesy. ? People can't stand without faith. ? (Yan Yuan) embodies Confucius? People? Thought, what did Li Shimin do? This knife cuts bread and fingers. ? Have the same effect. Secondly, Confucius believes that governing the country must be formal first: the name is not correct, and the words are not smooth; Words are not smooth, things are not smooth; If you can't do it, you will be happy; If the rites and music are not prosperous, the criminal law will be lost; If the punishment is not correct, the people will be at a loss. Therefore, the name of a gentleman must be spoken, and words must be feasible. ? (Lutz) Respect ceremony, love the people, be benevolent and educate people for the politicians. In Confucius' question to Zhang, he can answer that only those who can achieve five beauties and abandon four evils can govern the country. (five beauties: a gentleman benefits without pains, works hard without complaints, desires without greed, broadmindedness without arrogance, dignity without fierceness; Four evils: punishment without teaching first, abuse without police, achievement, violence, violence and strict initial treatment, thief, stingy hand and stingy.
Reading experience of The Analects of Confucius: 3000 words, nearly one semester in the second day of junior high school? China traditional culture appreciation? After class, I feel that my quality has improved, and I really feel the profoundness of China's traditional culture from my heart. I am interested in any ancient masterpiece, but the Analects of Confucius is the one I learned the most from the homework assigned by my teacher.
The first time I came into contact with The Analects of Confucius was "Two Children Distinguishing the Day" in the fifth grade Chinese textbook, and then the first grade textbook? Ten Analects of Confucius? At that time, I didn't understand the meaning at all, but I could recite it. When I was a child, my mother was very strict with my study, and TV was absolutely not allowed. Until the science and education channel broadcast the Analects of Confucius. At that time, after I finished my homework, the only way to relax was to read The Analects, that is, from then on, I really got a preliminary understanding of The Analects.
More than 2,500 years ago, every bit of Confucius' teaching and life was recorded by student movies. These records are mainly based on class notes, compiled by his students, and later recorded as The Analects.
Some people say that The Analects of Confucius seems illogical. Many of them are very practical, and there are few long speeches in them. Almost every quotation is short. In fact, silence is also an education.
We all say that Confucius is a saint, and a saint is the person who has the most mobility and personality charm in the land where he lives. Confucius gave us a belief in living on the earth. People like him must grow naturally from our lives, not fall from the sky.
In the image of Confucius, the saturated power transmitted from his heart is condensed. Only when the qi of heaven and earth is condensed in a person's heart can it be so powerful. This is a kind of strength. If we learn to extract and forge this power, we can gain the mind like Confucius. We can see that Confucius' attitude is very peaceful, but his heart is very solemn. Because of the power of faith. Confucius is a man with special beliefs.
As we all know, the core and essence of Confucianism, except? Forgive? In addition to this word, there is another word, and that is? Ren? . Fan Chi, a student of Confucius, once asked Confucius what benevolence was. Confucius only answered him in two words:? Lover? . Love others is called benevolence. Fan Chi asked what is wisdom? Confucius said:? Know someone? . It is wisdom to know people and be good at their duties. Caring for others is benevolence, and understanding others is wisdom. It's that simple.
The essence of The Analects is to tell everyone how to live a happy life that we need.
What is said here is how to reconcile. Study? And then what? Think? The contradiction. As a science student, I think my understanding of this problem is profound. Learning without thinking is useless, it is not easy to find other people's mistakes, and it is not easy to have your own thoughts. Just like reading of the analects of confucius, he bought a book and read it after a few strokes. Even though I will never forget it, I have learned something from others. Thinking without learning is slow, and it is easy to walk into a dead end and can't get out. At this time, if we can refer to people's views on the same issue in the past, we are likely to feel suddenly enlightened. Xunzi also said? I often think about it all day, so it is better to finish what I have learned in a short time. ? So Confucius told his disciples to grasp it well in their study? Study? And then what? Think? This is a contradiction.
People often talk about it, but I didn't know it came from The Analects. Like what? My parents are here, so I don't travel far. An upright man is open and poised, the villain is always off, not in his position, not seeking his own government. All roads lead to the same goal, there is no common goal, and there is a long way to go. I would rather die than surrender. Standing at thirty?
I read the Analects of Confucius, of course, not to find the Secret Biography of Confucius, but to cultivate my self-cultivation and put family first. It is only in this book that I know a pedantic Confucius, a versatile and tireless Confucius, a Confucius who never tires of eating refined food and knows the joy of life. Scholars who are proficient in Chinese and western cultures often compare Confucius with Socrates, an ancient Greek philosopher. Socrates was executed by the democratic regime in Athens. It is said that the spirit of freedom prevented him from escaping. But I prefer Confucius' outspoken:? If you can't do it, can you float in the sea? This is also a spirit of freedom. Reading The Analects of Confucius is like traveling through a thousand years, and seeing the Spring and Autumn Period of hegemony over the world. Confucius was a great thinker and educator. His words and deeds on filial piety, learning, governing and governing the country were highly respected by kings of all dynasties. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty deposed hundreds of schools and respected Confucianism alone. Confucianism-the golden mean. His thoughts and remarks may not be in line with the times we live in today, but it is necessary to read the classics that have influenced China culture for thousands of years.
Confucius pays attention to filial piety, which has become the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation. Today, when people are dying, it is very necessary to tell them that filial piety is the foundation of being a man. Confucius said:? Father was there, watching his ambition; Father didn't, observe his actions; Three years without changing your father's ways can be described as filial piety. ?
? Parents can do their best; ? Wait a minute. Namely, Confucius said; ? Observe his ambition when his father is alive; After his father's death, we should examine his behavior; If he doesn't change his father's teaching for a long time, such a person can be said to have done his duty. ? What is filial piety here, Tong? Can parents do their best? A little different. Although parents can do their best, it is unfilial to do things in society, or to commit corruption or robbery, which makes parents very worried and worried. Parents want their children to be better than themselves and have good moral character, which is the starting point for parents to educate their children. Therefore, providing rich materials for parents is not the foundation of filial piety. If you can act according to your parents' wishes and teachings, it is true filial piety to be worthy of your parents.
As far as learning is concerned, Confucius? Never tire of learning, never tire of teaching, never know what you know, never know what you don't know, never be ashamed to ask questions if you are thirsty for knowledge. There must be a teacher in a threesome, knowledgeable and determined, thirsty for knowledge and thoughtful? . Isn't it a modest, rigorous, realistic and persistent learning attitude? Does he pay attention to the method of study? Therefore, it is useless to know the new, to learn without thinking, and to think without learning is dangerous. He thinks his study and internship are not bad. ? At the same time, Confucius thought? Kindness is not easy to learn, its cover is also stupid, and good knowledge is not easy to learn, and its cover is also swaying. Honesty is hard to learn, but its cover is also a thief? It can be seen that learning is important, and learning is the foundation of benevolence.
? A threesome requires a teacher. 、? He is quick-thinking and eager for knowledge, and he is never shy to ask his subordinates for advice. ? These are two of the six articles in The Analects that impressed me the most. The first is that several people go together, so there must be someone who can be a teacher; The latter tells us to study hard quickly and don't be shy to ask people who are not as good as ourselves. Although these two sentences came from Confucius more than two thousand years ago, they are still wise sayings and of great significance. ? A threesome requires a teacher. ? This sentence contains a broad truth: capable people are teachers. In our daily life, there are many people to contact every day, and everyone has certain advantages, which are worth learning and can also be our mentor.
Confucius? A gentleman loves money, takes it wisely, lives respectfully, and lives simply. A gentleman does not worry about not having enough to eat and living a peaceful life. He is sensitive to things and speaks carefully. I want to inspire people from all walks of life. Confucius said:? Disciples are filial, younger brothers are younger, sincere and trustworthy, and love the public. However, if they are kind and spare, they will study literature. ? Confucius said: Disciples are filial to their parents at home; Go out, be courteous and courteous, treat others like brothers, be cautious, be honest and trustworthy, love others extensively, and be close to people who are kind. After practicing like this, if you still have spare capacity, you will learn more knowledge. ? In other words, we should honor our parents at home, unite and be friendly outside, be caring, follow the example of sages, constantly motivate ourselves, practice hard and improve our moral cultivation. After these principles are completed, we will learn literary knowledge to broaden our horizons and enrich our thoughts. ? Virtue is the foundation of human beings and is based on morality. ?
The reading experience of 3,000 words of The Analects of Confucius lasted for 5,000 years in China. The source of splendid culture is The Analects of Confucius.
Today in history, I pay tribute to Confucius, the speaker of The Analects.
The inheritor of this culture, a spiritual giant that can never be erased by time, opened the door dusty by time with the keenest wisdom, so the sunshine permeated the world through the staggered cracks; He launched an accusation in the most abstruse words.
Full of philosophical fragrance, let future generations embark on a successful triumph; He forged a tough axe with the simplest teaching, so the vast cultural land left deep scars.
Reading of the analects of confucius is a pleasure. It's like sitting alone in a clear spring and clear water, sipping tea in the smoke The essence of every word in The Analects of Confucius is precipitated in green tea. When you take a sip, they flow into your body along the tip of your tongue, purifying your body and mind, and you will suddenly feel a faint fragrance, purifying your mind.
Reading of the analects of confucius is a trip? Long but not depressed. There is ink between the lines, feeling the charm of Confucianism: Really? Know is know, don't know is don't know, know? Seeking truth from facts, right? Don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you? Love and integrity, right? People don't know or care? Tolerance and openness, right? People who don't believe don't know what they can do. My understanding and sincerity are endless, and so are my words. The Confucian atmosphere in The Analects of Confucius is so strong, so solemn and so profound! Every scenery along the way is enough for me to yearn for and forget.
Reading of the analects of confucius is a kind of learning. In the reading room, learn how to deal with people. Ren? Under the influence of thinking, feel the greatness of people's hearts, let? Self-love? With what? Lover? These two most human fragrant flowers are in full bloom in the heart of every saint. Ren? Possessing the highest moral principle, he commands loyalty, forgiveness, courtesy, faith, sensitivity, interests, wisdom, courage, rigidity and tenacity. As a saint, isn't it? Ren? The goal of life? What is the method of learning to cultivate one's morality and cultivate one's character in one's perception? Review the past and learn the new? , is it? Study from time to time? , that is? See the sage Si Qi how, see not sage and introspection also? , is it? A gentleman should be content with words, but act quickly?
Reading of the analects of confucius is a baptism. Let the original withered soul be nourished by the rain and dew of Confucianism, and let the original tired thinking be inspired by the words of exquisite philosophy; The wonderful and sharp words, the plain but meaningful words, awakened your sleeping heart of cultural accomplishment and soaked the inner world that you and I were drained by the fast-paced life.
When reading the Analects of Confucius, we feel the fragrance of culture, taste the essence of spirit and comprehend the profound connotation of thought.
Reading The Analects of Confucius makes you feel pure inside.
Does Confucian culture have characteristics? People? Ethical culture is the center. The Analects of Confucius divides people into saints, sages, benevolent people, good people, gentlemen, scholars, men, savages and villains. But in fact, it can be roughly divided into four categories: saints, gentlemen, people and villains. It is difficult to be a saint, and no one dares to say that he can do it. Everyone is a crowd, even a villain. What we admire is not a villain, but a gentleman. Gentleman is the goal of our life and the kind of person we strive to be. Therefore, there are more than 80 places where gentlemen are mentioned in The Analects. So, what does The Analects advocate? Gentleman? What kind of person is it?
A gentleman is a man of noble morality.
One of the virtues of a gentleman is tolerance. Confucius said:? An upright man is open and poised while a petty man is anxious and worried. ? ("The Analects? Speaking of ")? Tan? That's flat; ? Swing? That is, a broad appearance; ? Dragon? Refers to a constant; ? Sad? It is sad and sad. It means:? A gentleman is always broad-minded, and a villain is always sad. ?
Tolerance is not only a virtue, but also a condition for people to support and have affinity. Confucius said? Does width lead to more? Tolerance for those in power will win the support of the people. So, Shang Tang said? If I am guilty, please don't implicate the world; If people all over the world are guilty, then I will bear the crime alone.
The second virtue of a gentleman is humility. Confucius believes that a gentleman has four moral qualities. One of them is humility.
A gentleman is the third virtue and stresses righteousness. A gentleman understands justice, while a villain understands self-interest. Because of this, a gentleman hates those who preach the disadvantages of others, those who are inferior and vilify those who are above him, those who are brave but rude, and those who are stubborn.
A gentleman is a man of high ability.
The Analects of Confucius? Politics recorded Confucius' words? A gentleman is not a weapon? . It means that a gentleman can't be like a vessel, but only has one talent and one skill. ? Gentle? It describes people as elegant and simple. Confucius said:? Quality is better than literature, and literature is better than quality. Gentle, then a gentleman. ? ("The Analects? Yong also ").
The Analects of Confucius? Li ren recorded Confucius' words:? Gentleman in the world, there is no comfort, there is no Mo Ye, and there is no comparison between benevolence and righteousness. ? Nothing: there is no special rule that it must be like this. Nothing: there is no special rule not to do this. Meaning: appropriate, appropriate. Bi: Next to, near. This means that there is no fixed way for a gentleman to do things in the world, and there is no fixed way not to do things, but to do things in a reasonable way. The truth here actually shows the wisdom of a gentleman and the ability to distinguish right from wrong.
A gentleman is a diligent and self-disciplined person.
A gentleman is to cultivate self-cultivation, respect and humility. The cultivation of a gentleman is like what is said in the Book of Songs? Such as cutting, such as cutting, such as grinding, in other words, a gentleman's self-cultivation is like a bone tool, and it needs to be discussed after cutting; Just like processing jade, you have to grind it when you cut it.