Idioms talk big?

Pinyin dà fàng jué cí

Shi Jue: Qi, Qi; Word: word, word. The original meaning is to talk big or talk nonsense. Now used to refer to speaking loudly.

Tang Hanyu's "Sacrifice to Liu Zihou" source: "Yu Pei Qiongju, nonsense."

Maybe he thinks I'm young and ignorant, so he speaks frankly and has no worries in front of me. ★ Focus of Guo Lianghui 10

Pinyin code dfjc

Synonyms talk too much and gossip too much.

The antonym is tongue-tied and silence.

Used as subject and predicate; Speak loudly.

English spits out a series of empty rhetoric

Story During the Tang Dynasty, Liu Zongyuan and Liu Yuxi advocated innovation. After their failure, they were demoted to Yongzhou Sima and later transferred to Liuzhou Secretariat. He suffered many setbacks in officialdom. But literary achievements are very high. Prose is thorough in reasoning, and landscape travel notes write about landscapes, which has entrusted many things. After his death, Han Yu wrote a poem "A Tribute to Liu Zi Hou Wen" praising him: "Yu Pei lives in seclusion, which is nonsense."

The origin of stunts

From Ode to Liu Zihou, it is a memorial to Liu Zihou (Liu Zongyuan) written by Han Yu, a writer in the Tang Dynasty.

In this eulogy, the author strongly praised the beauty of Liu Zongyuan's prose, expressed his grievances over his brilliant experience that was not used by the world, and allowed him to be trusted. Every word is diligent and sincere, just like an interview.

original work

Thick text of sacrificing willow seeds

Han Yu

In 20061February, Han paid homage to the dead body of his old friend Liu Zihou;

Very thick, but very natural! What have I been since ancient times? Life is like a dream; In the meantime, what is the difference? When he dreams, there are joys and sorrows; Chasing is not enough.

Everything is born, not willing to be a substance; Sacrificing green and yellow is a disaster for wood. Abandon children and the sky will be free; Yu Pei, Joan, nonsense. Wealth and incompetence, who will erase discipline? The stronger the child, the stronger the table. Bad behavior, blood refers to shame; Skillful craftsmen shrink their sleeves while watching. The article of the son, not the world; It is the system that puts my disciples in charge of the emperor. The son pretends to be a person; Once dissolved, this group of people will fly to the sky.

Thick will die today. What's the sound of parting? Tell all your friends to send you messages. I don't mean to be redundant, I also want to die. At the turn of the century, look forward to the accumulation of thin hair; I can't promise, can Tsuguko? I don't know my son, but he really ordered me; Would you rather die if there were ghosts and gods? The lady will return forever, and there is no return period. Speak with your heart before setting up the coffin. Alas, still embarrassed!

Annotation of works

Liu Zihou: Liu Zongyuan. Liu Zongyuan wrote it after Zi Hou.

Sake and all kinds of delicious food. "Qu Li Li Ji": "Every ritual to Zhou Zong ... drink and drink." "Yili Public Food Medical Ceremony": "It is a shame to go to the doctor for twenty." Shame is the same as shame.

Hehe: a sigh.

Ran: So.

Unless: it is said that no one died. Gao Buying quoted Li Gangji's words in the Outline of Tang and Song Dynasties: "There are four anti-words, which are beyond words." Wu Minsheng said: "These words are also intended for the public, but customs follow, some of them are not well tuned, and then there are authors, so don't attack again."

Sleep: wake up. Zhuangzi's theory of everything: "Fang dreams, but he doesn't know his dreams. Dreams also occupy their dreams, and then they know their dreams. "

Benefits: benefits and hazards.

School (jiao): caring.

Wei: Thinking. Just chase and never forget.

Sacrifice: ancient wine vessels. Respect and respect are the same. "Zhuangzi Heaven and Earth" said: "A century-old wood is broken as a sacrifice, and it is green and yellow. If it is broken in the ditch, it is better than the sacrifice in the ditch, then there is a gap between beauty and evil, and it is lost. "

Blue and yellow, the color painted on the wine container.

Give up halfway: refers to giving up in middle age. Liu Zongyuan was born in 773 and died in 8 19 at the age of 46. Said, refers to the middle-aged abandoned by relegation.

Zhui (zhí): Stuck the bag. Also known as "hmm".

Prison: Malotou. Pregnancy means fetters.

Yu Pei: A metaphor for the preciousness of articles.

Joan (jū): A metaphor of the beauty of syllables.

Nonsense: it is to show great literary talent.

Eradicate: die out. Sima Qian's Letter to Ren An: "The ancients were rich and their fame was indelible and invincible. They are just charming people. "

Ji: Record.

Writing: writing.

Table: excellent, excellent.

System: patent system. In the winter of the first year of Han Yu (806), the imperial edict was sent to the foreign minister to take the exam.

Self-reliance: Don't forget the old evil, that is, the meaning of "courage" in Liu Zihou's epitaph.

Deny: to belittle or degrade.

Crowds of people fly to the sky: refers to the apprentice of the villain. The rumor reached the ears of the emperor.

Friends: Liu Yuxi, Li Cheng, Han Yu, Han Tai, Han Hua, etc. Liu Zongyuan bid farewell to his friends, mostly because of Liu Yuxi's departure. See Liu Yuxi's "The Story of Sacrificing Liu Yuan".

Seeing my nephew off: When Liu Zongyuan died, the eldest son was only four years old and the second son was born. Send, entrust.

Vulgar: vulgar.

Say: think.

Entrust to death: Entrust to death.

To be left behind, forget.

Sagittal heart: self-oath. Arrow, with "oath"

Shang Yi (xi Mingang): I hope the dead can come and enjoy the sacrifice. This word is often used at the end of later eulogy.

Translation of works

On a certain day in a certain month, Han Yu respectfully offered sake and various delicacies as sacrifices to pay homage to the soul of his late friend Liu Zihou.

Alas, Zi Hou is dead! Since ancient times, no one has not been like this. What am I lamenting? Living in this world is like a dream. What does it matter whether it is good or not? People have joys and sorrows in their dreams; People wake up, where is it worth remembering?

Everything comes into being and is unwilling to become useful. Sacrificial wine vessels and yellow-green decorations are a disaster of wood. You were expelled from your official career, and God freed you. Your article is like a beautiful Yu Pei made of jade, crystal clear and evasive, trying to spread it. And those who are rich and have no talent have ruined their reputations. Who knows, your reputation is getting higher and higher. People who are not good at chopping are sure to bleed their fingers and sweat on their heads, while skilled craftsmen can only watch and shrink in their sleeves. Your article is useless in today's world. You put us incompetent people in power. Once fired, there is no chance of reinstatement, and the court is full of mediocrity.

Alas, Zi Hou is dead now. The voice before death, how clear. Tell all my friends that I want to entrust it to young orphans. You respect me, and you entrust me with things after death. How can I guarantee that I can live up to your trust by making friends now? It's not that I know you, it's that you sincerely entrust me; There are ghosts in the world. How dare I forget to ignore your entrustment? I hope you will come back forever, and there will be no future. Set a sacrifice in front of the coffin and speak freely.

Sadly, please enjoy the sacrifice!

Creation background

Liu Zongyuan and Han Yu were both great prose writers in the Tang Dynasty. Liu Zongyuan listed Han Yu as the "first friend" (father's friend). However, the two men had different political positions in the early stage. Liu Zongyuan's words were quoted by Wang's nephew and Wang, but Han Yu was disgusted with both of them. In the 14th year of Yuanhe (8 19), Liu Zongyuan died of illness, and Han Yu was recalled from Chaozhou as the secretariat of Yuanzhou (now Yichun, Jiangxi) and wrote this eulogy.

works appreciation

Eulogy has a fixed opening and closing format, and the text is in the middle. Generally, four-character rhyme is used, and so is this article. Four sentences put together are extremely sad and expressed by repeated chanting. There are only these five sentences in the full text of "no mistakes since ancient times", which are deliberately aggravated. If it is changed to "infallible since ancient times", it will be mediocre and powerless. The following layers caused by this sentence show that life and death are natural laws. This was originally a cliche of "life is like a dream", but when Han Yu was a little sparse, he turned decay into freshness. The "interest" and "sadness and joy" mentioned in the middle are the basis of the second paragraph of the text. They seem to sigh, but they are actually comforting.

The birth of Everything is an infinite emotion for Liu Zihou's articles and experiences. The first four sentences use the words of "Zhuangzi Heaven and Earth": "A century-old wood is broken as a sacrifice, and the green and yellow are not connected; It broke in the ditch. Compared with the ditch, there is a gap between beauty and evil, and it is also lost. " It is a century-old giant wood and a good material. It was cut and carved into a sacrificial container, and green and yellow decorations were added. It's really exquisite, but it loses the nature of wood. This metaphor shows that "versatility is harmful" in order to cause the following discussion from the opposite side. The four sentences of "abandoning one's son" show that although Zi Hou was demoted in his official career, judging from the achievements of the article, it is a good thing to get rid of the shackles of wealth and conceit and write a big article, and there is no need to be sad outside the words. The four sentences of "wealth and incompetence" are the comparison and extension of the above, which shows that Zi Hou became immortal through articles. These meanings are also found in his epitaph of Liu Zihou. For example, "However, my son is very poor recently. Although he comes from people, his literary words will not be independent and will undoubtedly be passed down to the future. " Although the child has what he wants, it will be different from that moment on and it will be easy for him. There must be someone who can distinguish between his gains and losses. "This is more clear. The following four sentences are "not good at doing things", and the article is making waves again. Metaphorically, people who use it all over the world don't necessarily have real skills, and real "skilled craftsmen" are often idle, which leads to the following eight sentences being wronged by Liu Zihou's ignorance of using it. These eight sentences are divided into two layers, all in the form of contrast, aiming at the injustice of Zi Hou. The trick is to rewind the pen, first write the word "unnecessary" as a rough word, and then write that those who have a successful career are mostly incompetent. In particular, "once and for all" summarizes Zi Hou's performance as an official; " A swarm of flies stung the sky "means that the temple is full of incompetent people, with a strong contrast." This part is the main body of the eulogy. The general eulogy here is mostly about the merits of the deceased and the interaction between them; The more you write, the better it is, but it is useless, but the middle is full of depressions and unevenness. Metaphor and positive and negative contrast are intermingled and endless.

The last paragraph is to express your attitude. Before he died, Liu Zongyuan wrote a letter to Liu Yuxi, hoping to get help from friends in raising young orphans and burying them first, and asked Han Yu to make an epitaph, which was described in Liu Yuxi's "Sacrifice to Liu Yuan". The so-called "resignation, grazing Yiyang, is also a letter, after waiting for the sidewalk, the stone falls, it belongs to the Iraqis", which refers to this matter. At that time, Han Yu changed from Chaozhou secretariat to Yuanzhou. Understand this passage of Liu Yuxi. In order to understand the heaviness of the last paragraph of this article. "After Confucius" is a continuation, and people like Confucius should be useful in the world. However, "today will also die", and the dead cannot be resurrected. There is infinite sadness and feelings hidden inside. The opening of "The Sound of Doomsday Approaching" caused the whole paragraph. From friends to oneself, we can see Zi Hou's trust in himself. If this article is an ordinary hand, when it comes to this, you can make a statement, so straight, no waves. Han Yu, on the other hand, inserted the phrase "If you drink today, you will get drunk today" and stirred up waves from the opposite side. Just look at these four sentences as if Han Yu refused to accept the task. In fact, it is to compare the following to show that my son has a deep understanding of each other and trusts himself. This is an inverted pen, so be good at understanding it. The sentence "I don't know my son" positively shows my attitude. "If there are ghosts and gods, it is better to dare to die", which is equivalent to swearing in heaven. Therefore, predecessors commented that these four sentences "True meaning can penetrate the stone", "Enough is enough, blood is sincere, light and deep, extremely depressed and sad" (Yao Ju A-bian in Tang and Song Dynasties, Volume III), which makes people itch. The four sentences "I will always miss my son" echo the beginning of the article and the Prime Minister of this paragraph. Summing up the full text, "speaking with your heart" repeatedly shows your attitude, which is the greatest comfort to the deceased.

The eulogy should be based on funeral music, and if the object to be commemorated has merits to be punished, it should be described. Liu Zongyuan's achievements in Liuzhou were praised by the masses, but Han Yu's article made no mention of Liu's benefits, only emphasized Liu's abandonment of talents, his own feelings and his task of accepting Liu's orphan. This is because Liu Yuxi once asked Han Yu to write an epitaph for Liu, and the epitaph must describe Liu's life. If stated in the memorial, it will be repeated. Therefore, it is unfair to say that the eulogy completely ignores his life, and that the article is high and "inconceivable", which is about his deep mourning for Zi Hou. If an ancient prose writer writes two articles for one person at the same time, the angles and materials of each article must avoid repetition. The three articles written by Han Yu for Liu Zongyuan can be used as examples.

Famous comments

Mao Kunyun, a scholar in the Ming Dynasty, said: "It is better to know each other than to praise each other."

There are nine clouds in Lou Fang's "The Strategy of Advocating Ancient Chinese Literature" in the Southern Song Dynasty: "Although respecting children is thick, it contains dissatisfaction."

In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, Sun Cong's Collection of Han Changli, selected by eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, has four lines: "Liu Han's articles are exactly the same. If you talk about friendship, Changli is outstanding. " So his sacrifice is rich in words, and every time he returns his friendship, his words are respected. It is both reasonable and reasonable to participate in the trial. "

The fourth volume of Collected Works of Ten Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties, Collected Works of Mr. Changli, at the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, pays homage to moire: "Follow its writing, mourn its encounter, be entrusted by it, be diligent, and be like a visit."

In Ming Dynasty, Lin Yunming's Han Wen Qi volume Yakumo: "Zi Hou died in November of the fourteenth year of Yuanhe. When he was going to be buried during the revolution, he took the road of returning to the Yuan Dynasty, so he had to bow down to the coffin for sacrifice. Open your hands and don't talk about official titles, so that you can be like your own flesh and blood at the turning point of your life. Everyone dies, that is, the poor can gain and lose in their lifetime, and they can pay for their dreams, which is not important. Those who regret it cannot be used by the country. In fact, because of the mistake of talent, I am not as good as a mediocre scholar, so that everyone takes talent as a warning. Trust each other at the end of life and death, and be irresponsible. A piece of blood and tears, I can't bear to see more. "

In the Qing Dynasty, He Chao wrote an essay in Volume 33 of Reading the Secretary of Yimen, saying, "I cherish my son's thick, but I only rely on his writing and have an epitaph. If this article, Ming Yun' does not know the child', hehe. "

In the Qing Dynasty, Pu Qilong's "Interpretation of Ancient Chinese Eyebrows" (Volume 51) said: "The articles of the Tang Dynasty, the day of the second public, convince people with reason. Liu entrusted Han, Han Cheng entrusted Liu, and read this opinion to take charge of this matter, questioning for thousands of years. The public pays homage to the old friends and really abides by the ancient style. Like the above two works, they are eager to take them to solve the confusion of the people. "

In the Qing Dynasty, Zeng Guofan's Reading for Reading's sake and Han Changli's Collection, Volume 8, said: "Jie Jun is straightforward and his language has been refined. The official document is waiting like this, but it can't climb up anymore. "

The second volume of Qing Kun's Tang Review Reader said, "I want to see the friendship."

Wu Kaisheng's Model of Ancient Chinese Literature, which was communicated in the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, Volume III: "Eulogy is also one of the four-character poems. The key to the success of the Han Palace is to hide dangers and be fascinated by ghosts. The cover and guidance originated from evocation, nine songs and big moves. He spontaneously made it bizarre and shocking, and Lei's research was unfair. Those who imitate the post-gentleman should also be the objects of scholars' research. Today, choose one of its gloomy and heavy songs to prepare the genre. He doesn't recite it. "

Brief introduction of the author

Han Yu (768 ~ 824) was a writer and philosopher in the Tang Dynasty. The word goes back to Heyang, Henan (now Mengzhou, Henan). Self-proclaimed county king Changli, known as Han Changli in the world. Zhenyuan eight years (792) Jinshi. He used to be a doctor in Guo Zi and assistant minister of punishments. He was demoted to the tide secretariat for discouraging Xianzong from welcoming Buddha bones. After the official to the official department assistant minister. Dead "Wen" He advocated the ancient prose movement and was listed as the first of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties", and was also called "Liu Han" with Liu Zongyuan. His poems strive for novelty, and sometimes they are deviant, which has a great influence on Song poetry. There is a collection of Mr. Changli.