Humanism emerged in the United States in the 1950s and 1960s. The representative figure Rogers expressed his views on humanism and expressed the need to apply humanism in psychotherapy methods.
The other school emphasizes human dignity, value, creativity and self-realization, and attributes the self-realization of human nature to the development of potential, which is a nature similar to instinct. The greatest contribution of humanism is to see the consistency between human psychology and human nature, and it advocates that psychology must study human psychology based on human nature.
Rogers’ person-centered therapy is called nondirective therapy. He believes that everyone has the ability to solve their own problems. The role of the psychotherapist is to help the client discover his/her true self by clarifying key issues and providing unconditional acceptance. There is no need to provide self-analysis, reflection, or confrontation. In addition, according to Arcay (2014)’s observation, Rogers also emphasized that psychotherapists do not encourage clients to follow or imitate others’ examples or aspire to certain personality traits, but rather emphasize the removal of masks, disguises, and heavy Baggage, gradually establish a sincere and mature sense of self, accept yourself, find your own goals based on reality, and slowly grow.
In terms of treatment methods, Rogers believes that the counselor's attitude itself can make the client change, and there is no need to become an "expert" on the client's growth. The only thing the therapist does is to create a positive atmosphere for growth and an environment where free development occurs. In addition, Acay also noted that, according to Rogers, counselors do not need the assistance of a supervisor. What is important is that the counselor is consistent with the client and has unconditional positive regard and empathy for the client. Clients are responsible for themselves, they are able to self-discover and make their own decisions.
If we constantly feel pressure to strive for the love and compassion of others, our self-worth becomes conditional, and the more we believe we need to act a certain way or follow a certain way to be accepted , the more we inhibit discovering our true selves. For example, if your parents raised you, put you in school, and kept thinking they wanted you to be a lawyer or a doctor, and you ended up being a freelance writer, there's a good chance you've experienced self-doubt once or twice in your life. .
He arranged various human needs in a hierarchical sequence system from low to high according to the pursuit of goals and satisfaction objects. The lowest needs are physiological needs, which are what people feel. Prioritize needs met. Rogers' main point of view: developing the "self-theory" of personality in psychotherapy practice and psychological theoretical research, and advocating the psychotherapy method of "patient-centered therapy". Human beings have an innate motivation for "self-actualization", which is a person's tendency to develop, expand and mature. It is a person's tendency to maximize his or her various potentials.
To sum up, Rogers believed that human nature is good and everyone has the ability to realize their potential for self-development. Rogers’ humanistic views have influenced the world.