"Sincerely, should open the holy court, with the light of the first emperor's legacy, with the spirit of the people. It is not advisable to belittle yourself, quote the wrong words, and block the way of loyal advice. "
Original "model":
Before the first emperor started his business, the middle road collapsed. Today he scored three points, and Yizhou was exhausted. This is a crucial autumn. But the guards worked tirelessly at home, and those who were loyal to their ambitions forgot to be outside, covering up the special experience of the former emperor and wanting to report to your majesty. Sincerely, it is advisable to open a holy court, with the honor of the late emperor and the spirit of the people. It is not advisable to belittle yourself, quote wrong words, and block the way of advice from loyal ministers.
In the palace, everything is an organic whole and should not be punished or denied. If there are criminals who are honest and kind, they should be rewarded by this department to show your majesty's understanding, and you should not favor one over the other, making the internal and external laws different.
Guo Youzhi, Fay, Dong Yun, etc. , assistant ministers, are honest, loyal and pure, are based on the advice of the first emperor. Fools think that everything in the palace, big or small, should be discussed, and then implemented, which will make up for the vacancy and make a lot of profits.
General Xiang Chong, good character, good military. He tried it in the past, and the first emperor called it energy, which was supervised by the public. Fools think that knowing the situation of the camp and consulting them will definitely make the front line harmonious, and the advantages and disadvantages will be found.
Pro-sages, far villains, this first Han is so prosperous; You little people, far from being wise ministers, have been so depressed in the Han Dynasty ever since. When the late Emperor was around, every time I talked to the minister about it, I always sighed and hated Yu Huan and Ling. Shi Zhong, Shang Shu, Chang Shi, joined the army. I know that I am the minister of Zhenliang's death sacrifice. I hope your majesty personally believes that the Han Dynasty is prosperous, and I can wait.
I was dressed in cloth and devoted myself to Nanyang. I risked my life in troubled times and didn't ask Wen Da to be a vassal. The first emperor didn't treat his ministers with meanness, and his accusation was self-defeating. He took care of his ministers in the thatched cottage and was grateful for what had happened in this world, so he promised the first emperor to drive him away. After the boat capsized, I was appointed as the defeated army and was ordered to face danger. I have been here for twenty years.
The first emperor knew that I was cautious, and just when I was about to collapse, he sent a minister to attend a big event. Since I was appointed, I have been sighing all night, fearing that my entrustment will not work, so as to hurt my knowledge. Therefore, Luzhou in May was deserted. Now that the south is settled, there is enough armor. Authorized by the three armies, the north settled in the central plains, the arrogance was completely destroyed, the traitors were completely eliminated, and the Han Dynasty was revived, still in the old capital. The minister was therefore loyal to His Majesty and the first emperor. As for profit and loss, if you keep your word, you will be willing to do so.
May your majesty entrust the effect of bringing back the dead to the minister, and if it doesn't work, punish the minister severely and tell the spirit of the first emperor. If there are no words to promote virtue, blame you for being slow to show its blame; Your majesty also requires himself, seeks advice from others, treats others with courtesy, and pursues the posthumous edict of the first emperor. I am very grateful.
Stay away from it today, crying, I don't know what to say.
Explanation:
The first emperor died halfway before he finished his career. Now the world is divided into three countries, and Shu Han in China is in trouble. This is really a critical moment. However, the guards and servants, including hardworking and loyal soldiers, gave their lives outside because they remembered the special favor of the first emperor. I want to repay you. You should listen to the opinions of your deputies widely in order to carry forward the virtues left by the late emperor. To inspire the courage of people with lofty ideals, we should not sell ourselves short. Cite inappropriate metaphors to block the way of suggestions.
The guards in the palace and the courtiers in various government departments are a whole, and rewards and punishments should not be different. If there are people who do evil and violate the law, or those who are loyal and good, they should be handed over to the competent officials for evaluation and reward, so as to show your majesty's fairness and strictness in handling state affairs. There should be no preference, resulting in different law enforcement inside and outside the palace.
Guo Youzhi, Fay, Dong Yun, etc. They are all kind, honest, loyal and pure people, so Qin Shihuang chose them as his majesty. I think we should consult them on major issues and minor issues in the palace, and then implement them, which will certainly make up for the shortcomings and brainstorm.
Xiang Chong, general, kind and peaceful, familiar with military affairs. After a trial in the past, the first emperor praised him for his talent, so everyone discussed and elected him as the governor of the central region. I think asking him about everything in the forbidden military camp will definitely make the army harmonious, and everyone with his own strengths will get his place.
Being close to virtuous officials and alienating villains are the reasons for the prosperity of the former Han Dynasty. Close to the villain, alienate the sage. This is the reason for the decline of the later Han Dynasty. When the first emperor was alive, every time he talked to the minister about this matter, he hated the corruption of the reign of Emperor Huan and Emperor Ling without sighing. Shi Zhong, Shang Shu, Chang Shi and joining the army are all loyal, kind and conscientious ministers. I hope your majesty will get close to them and trust them, so the revival of the Han dynasty is just around the corner.
I used to be a commoner, plowing my own fields in Nanyang. I just want to live in troubled times, and I don't want to get ahead among princes. The first emperor didn't wronged himself because I was humble. He visited me in the cottage three times. Asked me about world events, moved me to work hard and promised to work for my late emperor. Later, he failed and accepted the appointment when he lost in the military. It was twenty-one years ago that I was ordered to send a special envoy when the situation was critical.
My late emperor knew that I was cautious and entrusted the affairs of state to me before he died. Ever since I accepted death, I have been worried and sighing day and night. I'm afraid I can't finish what I entrusted, which will damage the wisdom of my late emperor. So, in May, we crossed southern Shandong and went deep into the barren land. Now that the south has been pacified and the armor is sufficient, I should be encouraged to command the three armed forces and the north will set the central plains, so as to do the best. Eliminate evils, revive the Han Dynasty, and return the old capital. This is my duty to repay my late emperor's loyalty to your majesty. As for dealing with daily affairs, I decided to choose gains and losses and contribute my opinions without reservation. That is the responsibility of Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi and Dong Yun.
I hope your majesty will give me the task of cracking down on Han thieves and reviving the Han Dynasty. If I can't finish it, I will be punished for my sins, so that I can tell the spirit of my late emperor. If you can't come up with suggestions to improve holiness, blame Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi and Dong Yun for their negligence. They have shown their mistakes. Your majesty should also strive for self-improvement, consult his subordinates, examine and adopt correct remarks, and ponder over the posthumous edict of the first emperor. I don't really appreciate my kindness.
I'm leaving now. Write a watch and cry. I really don't know what to say.
Appreciate:
With sincere words and in view of the situation at that time, "Example" repeatedly advised Liu Chan to carry on the legacy of his late master Liu Bei, open a shrine, reward and punish strictly, and stay away from his relatives, so as to complete the great cause of "revitalizing the Han Dynasty", which showed Zhuge Liang's strong will to "set the Central Plains in the north" and his unswerving character of loyalty to Shu Han.
During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Wei had the strongest national strength, followed by Sun Wu, and Shu Han was the weakest. When Liu Bei died in Baidicheng (now fengjie county East), he left Zhuge Liang with a situation of domestic troubles and foreign invasion and a young, ignorant and helpless successor. At this critical juncture, Zhuge Liang assumed all the practical responsibilities of Shu Han in the name of the Prime Minister's Office, strictly observed the law and discipline at home, and rewarded the battle of ploughing; Pacify Rong Qiang, unite with Dongwu, and actively prepare for the northern expedition to Cao Wei. After several years of hard work. The strength of Shu increased, showing a situation of "enriching the country and strengthening the people" and "awe-inspiring weather", so Zhuge Liang led the army to Hanzhong (now Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province) in order to seek the Central Plains. On the analysis of the situation at that time, not to mention the disparity in strength between Shu and Wei, the strategy of "borrowing teachers to attack far away" was also a taboo for military strategists, but Zhuge Liang still insisted on taking risks (six times in a row) and showed his indomitable will. The fundamental reason is that it is Liu Bei's last wish to establish the Central Plains in the north and revive the Han Dynasty. Although Liu Chan is incompetent, Zhuge Liang will try his best to help him. Although Liu Bei has the testamentary edict of "incompetent, you can keep it for yourself", he didn't mean to trespass, because his late master was an orphan. "This minister reports to the first emperor, but he is also loyal to your majesty." This is the spiritual strength of reading Ge's Northern Expedition and all his activities in his later years. Through the incisive dissection of this spiritual essence, The Teacher's Watch shows all the qualities of this country's minister and shows its unique and great appeal. Zhuge Liang's loyalty to the liver, righteousness and bravery, and the spirit of "doing one's best before dying" were regarded as a big festival for courtiers in feudal society and were widely respected. When the country is in danger, this spirit is even more powerful. For example, Wen Tianxiang praised "the ghosts and gods cry heroically" in Song of Benevolence and Righteousness. A letter can make thousands of people scarce.
Because this article is a memorial, the content is that Zhuge Liang stated his opinions and put forward the idea of improving politics before attacking Wei, so the full text is mainly discussed. Because Zhuge Liang wanted Liu Chan to know the difficulty of starting a business and inspire him to finish the unfinished business of his late emperor, this paper also described his own life experience, the reasons for following his late emperor and the process of making his country successful. And because Zhuge Liang is infinitely loyal to Liu and his son, treating each other with kindness and courage, his words are full of ardent expectations. The full text is both emotional and emotional. Specifically, the first part focuses on understanding and reasoning, and the second part focuses on emotion. Generally speaking, it is mainly about discussion, and narrative and lyric blend. The whole article comes from the author's heart, with profound analysis, full of true feelings and touching feelings.
The most striking feature of the language of this article is frankness and simplicity, showing sincere and loyal feelings. The predecessors especially pointed out that in the space of more than 600 words, "the late emperor" was mentioned thirteen times and "Your Majesty" seven times. The thoughts of "reporting to the late emperor" and "being loyal to your majesty" run through the whole paper, always remembering the late emperor's "legacy" and "testamentary edict", thinking of the late emperor everywhere, expecting him to complete the unfinished great cause of "reviving the Han Dynasty". The full text does not rely on flowery rhetoric or ancient allusions, and every sentence does not lose the status of a courtier, which is also very suitable for the tone of the elders. Qiu Weiping of the Qing Dynasty said, "When the marquis of Wu was in China, he witnessed the ancestors listening to the little people, who were either difficult to speak or delirious. When he left school, he urged him to explain that he was right, and it took thousands of turns to get his feelings. " Qu Yuan wrote Li Sao when he was slandered and exiled, so he adopted a subtle and illusory expression. Zhuge Liang's situation is contrary to Qu Yuan's, but the emotional characteristics of the model are consistent with the patriotic feelings expressed, and the straightforward and simple language form is consistent with the ideological content of the article. This article is mostly written in four sentences, and there are some neat and steady parallel sentences and antithetical sentences, such as "I am tireless in guarding the minister's home, but I forget my loyalty at home", "I put all my eggs in one basket in troubled times, and I don't want Wen Da to be a vassal" and "I am in danger after defeat", which reflects the trend of the times when parallel prose began to rise in the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty. There are a lot of compound words in this article, all of which were initiated by Zhuge Liang. Many words were refined by Zhuge Liang and later used as idioms, such as "belittling yourself", "misquoting", "being a traitor", "risking one's life to forget one's death", "considering gains and losses", "being grateful" and "being unintelligible".
About the author:
Zhuge Liang (A.D. 18 1-234), a native of Yang Du County (now yinan county, Shandong Province), was an outstanding politician and strategist in the Three Kingdoms period. In his early years, he lived in seclusion in Long Mu to avoid the chaos in Jingzhou, and waited for the opportunity. In October of the 12th year of Jian 'an (AD 207), Liu Bei visited the thatched cottage and began to become a monk. Zhuge Liang talked to him about the situation in the world, and suggested that Liu Bei unite with Sun Quan to resist Cao Cao and revive the Han Dynasty with Yizhou as the base, and has been assisting Liu Bei ever since. In the 13th year of Jian 'an, he joined forces with Sun Quan, defeated Cao Cao in Chibi, captured Jingzhou and Yizhou in the west, established Shu Han and became prime minister. After Liu Bei's death in 223 AD, Liu Chan succeeded to the throne, and Zhuge Liang entrusted the orphans to him, making him Hou Wuxiang and presiding over the state affairs. Zhuge Liang was in the Northern Expedition because he conquered Sun Wu in the east and Meng Huo in the south. He fought frequently with Cao Wei for years, and finally died in Wuzhangyuan. There are Zhuge Wuhou Collection.