Fourteen Famous Laws in Social Life
Butterfly Effect, Frog Phenomenon, Crocodile Law, Catfish Effect, Herd Effect, Hedgehog Law
Watch Law, Broken Window Theory 28 Law Barrel Theory Matthew Effect
01-Butterfly Effect:
Butterfly Effect: In the 1970s, an American meteorologist named Lorenz was explaining the air system The theory is that the occasional vibration of a butterfly's wings in the Amazon rainforest may cause a tornado in Texas two weeks later.
The butterfly effect means that very small changes in initial conditions will cause extremely huge differences in its future state after continuous amplification. Some small things can be confused, but some small things, if magnified by the system, are very important to an organization or a country, so they cannot be confused.
Management Enlightenment
The fate of today's enterprises is also affected by the "butterfly effect". Consumers trust feelings more and more, so intangible values ??such as brand consumption, shopping environment, and service attitude will all become factors in their choices. So as long as we pay a little attention, it is not difficult to see that some well-managed and well-run companies will have such sentences in their company philosophy:
"In your statistics, treat 100 customers Among them, only one person is dissatisfied, so you can boast that only 1% is unqualified, but for this customer, he is 100% dissatisfied."
"You once said. If you treat customers poorly, the company will need to work 10 times or more to remedy the situation. ”
“In the eyes of customers, you represent the company.”
Today, the "butterfly" that can change the destiny of an enterprise is far more than the "hand of planning". As China Unicom joins the telecommunications competition, private enterprises contract railway trains, and Nanjing's foreign-funded enterprises participate in the bus competition. As the news emerges, the monopoly position of companies that can sit back and relax is gradually weakening. Open competition forces companies to consider various potential factors that affect development.
Measures such as streamlining organizations, laying off officials, and canceling welfare housing have made more and more people stay away from traditional security, and with it, they have to rely on themselves to determine their destiny. The result of the free combination of organizations and individuals is: whoever can catch the "butterflies" that are beneficial to life will not be abandoned by society.
02-Frog Phenomenon
Frog Phenomenon: Put a frog directly into a hot water pot. Because it is very sensitive to adverse environmental reactions, it will quickly jump out of the pot. If you put a frog into a pot of cold water and slowly heat it up, the frog will not jump out of the pot immediately. The final outcome of the gradual increase in water temperature is that the frog will be boiled to death, because by the time the water temperature becomes too high for the frog to bear, it will have already boiled. It's too late, or in other words, incapable of jumping out of the pot.
The frog phenomenon tells us that some mutation events often easily arouse people's vigilance, but what can easily lead to death is when people feel good about themselves and do not have a clear understanding of the gradual deterioration of the actual situation. aware.
Enlightenment:
One of the revelations is that the main threats to the survival of our organizations and society do not come from sudden events, but are formed by slow, gradual and imperceptible processes. People are short-sighted and only see the local part but cannot take an overview of the whole situation. They can face sudden changes calmly. However, they are unable to detect big changes that happen quietly, which will eventually bring us more serious harm! ~
The second revelation is: frogs are like all living things in our lives. We must focus on the future, be diligent in thinking about new problems, and be diligent in learning new knowledge. We cannot live a life of "having wine today". A life of drunkenness and dreams, and "being a monk for a day and ringing the bell for a day" will be very sad in the end!
The third revelation is: Today's society is an era of knowledge explosion and rapid change. Knowledge also needs to be constantly updated, so we should not blindly indulge in the status quo, be content with the status quo, and not think about making progress. If this continues If you do, you will definitely be eliminated by the times, and you will also be in danger of unemployment!
The fourth revelation is: We should not simply face sudden dangers and ignore the slow and tiny dangers, because the slow and tiny dangers , is the scariest thing!
03-Crocodile Law
Crocodile Law: Its original meaning is to assume that a crocodile bites your foot. If you try to free your foot with your hands, the crocodile will bite at the same time. Hold your feet and hands. The more you struggle, the more you get bitten. So, if a crocodile bites your foot, your only recourse is to sacrifice one foot.
For example, in the stock market, the crocodile rule is: when you find that your transaction deviates from the direction of the market, you must stop the loss immediately without any delay or any luck.
04-Catfish Effect: Catfish Effect
Previously, the survival rate of sardines during transportation was very low. Later, someone discovered that if a catfish was put among the sardines, the situation would change and the survival rate would be greatly improved. Why is this?
It turns out that catfish will become "impatient" and swim around after entering a strange environment. This will undoubtedly have a stirring effect on a large number of restless sardines; When the sardines discovered that there was such an "alien element", they were naturally very nervous and swam faster.
In this way, the problem of hypoxia of sardines will be solved, and the sardines will not die.
When an organization's work reaches a more stable state, it often means that employees' work enthusiasm is reduced. A "harmony" group is not necessarily an efficient group. At this time, the "catfish effect" will occur. It has a very good "medical" effect. If there is always a "catfish" figure in an organization, it will undoubtedly activate the workforce and improve work performance.
The "catfish effect" is one of the effective measures used by corporate leaders to stimulate the vitality of employees. It manifests itself in two aspects. First, enterprises must constantly replenish fresh blood, introduce young people who are energetic and quick-thinking into the workforce and even the management team, and bring competitive pressure to lazy employees and bureaucrats who are stuck in their ways and follow the old ways. Only then can they arouse The "sardines" have a sense of survival and a desire to compete and win. The second is to continuously introduce new technologies, new processes, new equipment, and new management concepts, so that enterprises can fight against the waves of the market and enhance their survivability and adaptability.
As for the application of the catfish effect, there are currently applications of the catfish effect in human resource management and leadership activities, including the establishment of competition mechanisms, the activation of capable people, changes in leadership styles, etc. wait. But the author believes that the analysis and application of the catfish effect goes far beyond that. Different perspectives for thinking about problems lead to different methods of discovering and solving problems.
First of all, if the catfish body represents the leader.
A leader is an individual or group that influences others to complete tasks. In the lifeless sardine box, the sardines symbolize a group of highly homogeneous groups with similar skill levels and lack of innovation and initiative. , overstaffed and inefficient, the entire organization is in a bloated state. However, with the arrival of a catfish leader (or the evolution of internal sardines into catfish), the new officer's three priorities are to rectify discipline, standardize systems, transform processes, and rationally allocate positions. With people, money, and materials, gradually the organization's operations improved, costs were reduced, bloated organizations were simplified, incompetent sardines were eaten and driven away, and capable sardines received positive incentives, so that the entire organization Presenting a prosperous scene, under the leadership of Catfish leaders, the vitality of the entire organization has been mobilized, thereby making the collective power stronger and establishing a solid foundation for occupying and retaining the market.
From this perspective, a catfish leader should have the following characteristics:
1-Decisive and resolute: quickly discover the symptoms of organizational stagnation and be able to cut through the mess quickly, Resolve issues quickly and effectively.
2-Be true to your word and have a strong style: make scientific decisions, be able to supervise the implementation of decisions, and evaluate the effectiveness of policies in a timely manner.
3-Advocate innovation and result orientation: Promote innovation, create an atmosphere that encourages innovation, embody innovative ideas and reflect the benefits of innovation in terms of business processes, work design, personnel recruitment and allocation, salary design and assessment, etc. .
4-Achievement needs and forward-looking vision: Have short, medium and long-term development plans and goals, be able to foresee the direction of organizational development and the gap between existing human resources and the future, and be able to effectively identify future talents and eliminate unsuitable ones. People who are a laggard in organizational development.
5-System perspective, dare to change: be able to observe the changes and functions of the organizational system structure from inside and outside the system, not only regard themselves as part of the organization (compared to fishermen, catfish leaders themselves are also sardines, fishermen) is the leader), and we must regard ourselves as a leader in a small system, able to drive the staff to open up new situations, break conventions, and achieve good results.
For a group of employees who strive for the same goal under the leadership of a leader, if the leader has catfish characteristics, then the way to survive is to exercise and stimulate their own energy, at least You must synchronize your speed with the catfish and ensure the same direction (corporate goal), so that you will not be caught up and eaten by the catfish, or squeezed to the end by other sardines.
Secondly, if the catfish represents a member of the team.
Then it means new, strange, and different, including different perspectives, different behaviors, and different habits. It is precisely because of differences that wisdom will be stimulated. A team needs different personalities, different skills, If people with different work experiences join, and they are all the same employees, then the possibility of the team generating fantastic ideas and producing high performance is very slim. Today, when we focus on team building and team communication, properly attracting some catfish to join the team will bring a lively working atmosphere, innovation, and win-win results to the entire team. However, the number of catfish should be controlled. If they are all catfish, the whole team will have the phenomenon of "each one is a hero, and the whole team is a bear", because every catfish wants to stick to his own point of view, and cooperation and communication will not exist. The entire team is in chaos, so some Japanese companies believe in the employment credo of "first-rate managers, second-rate employees". Since one catfish can cause a group of fish to stir and stir, there is no need to put in a second catfish. The same is true for the same reason that one mountain cannot tolerate two tigers. From this perspective, catfish elements in the team should focus on good communication and shaping influence. When other employees treat catfish in the team, they should also strengthen cooperation with them on the basis of work.
Again, if catfish represents exciting work content.
In many companies now, organizational structure and work design have still become a major topic in process transformation. Unreasonable, boring, prospectless, and monotonous work content makes people feel like a crowded bucket of sardines. They are passionate and unwilling to think more and improve in their positions, so that collective inertia is slowly formed. If the catfish effect of job enlargement and enrichment can be applied to job design (Jobdesigning), the financial contribution to the organization will also be obvious. How to put an active and passionate catfish into a stagnant job? This is another tricky subject. Some people advocate expanding the scope of work and deepening the content of work horizontally and vertically, so that employees can experience rich work activities, feel the achievements of hard work, and let them reflect when facing challenging and exciting work. excitement and desire; some people advocate using job rotation to increase employees' talents and make them more happy as catfish at work; the author advocates that while applying the above measures, we should also pay attention to the matching of people and job personalities. Catfish must To do catfish things, sardines have to do sardine things. There should be both catfish and sardine work content in the job. The most important thing is to discover the preferences of employees and see which jobs can give them the motivation to be catfish. Only after matching with passion can the catfish effect truly play its role. Otherwise, although the catfish work content is set up, it is found that this kind of work cannot make employees moved and strive for it at all, then this catfish becomes Dead fish.
From this perspective, catfish at work represents rich work content, exciting responsibilities and rights, challenging work expectations, fresh other job experiences, etc. For leaders and human resource managers, whether to set up catfishing jobs at work and at what level will be a strategic issue for the organization.
To sum up, from different angles, the contents represented by catfish are different. For a practitioner, the leader may be a catfish, so it is best for your efforts to keep in the same direction as the organization and not to swim backward. , otherwise there is a risk of being eaten, always swim upstream passionately, maybe one day you will become a catfish, chasing a group of sardines upward; your colleague may also be a catfish, then compete with him, see Who has more churning energy; your subordinates may also have catfish, so while motivating your subordinates to grow, don’t forget to recharge yourself and maintain a strong momentum of development, otherwise you will also be in danger of being eaten by your subordinates; your There may also be catfish at work, so arrange your work reasonably, prioritize and make the catfish work more enjoyable. It is best to go to the higher-level job to stir up some trouble.
05-The Effect of Sheep Flock: The Effect of Sheep Flock
The Herding Effect: Where the leading sheep goes, the following sheep will follow.
The herd effect was originally a term in stock investment. It mainly refers to the phenomenon of learning and imitation among investors in the transaction process. They "imitate" and blindly imitate others, which leads them to be in a certain situation. Buy and sell the same stocks over a period of time.
The Effect of Sheep Flock
A wooden stick is placed in front of a group of sheep. The first sheep jumps over, and the second and third sheep jump over. They will also jump over; at this time, remove the stick, and the sheep behind will still jump up like the sheep in front when they come here, even though the stick blocking the road is no longer there. This is the so-called "herd of sheep". "Effect" is also called "herd mentality". It refers to a common phenomenon in the market behavior of some enterprises in management science. It means that due to insufficient information and lack of understanding, it is difficult for investors to make reasonable expectations about the future uncertainty of the market. They often extract information by observing the behavior of the people around them. In the continuous transmission of this information, Many people's messages will be roughly the same and reinforce each other, resulting in herd behavior. "Herding effect" is a non-linear mechanism of collective irrational behavior caused by individual rational behavior.
Herding behavior is a typical phenomenon in the field of behavioral finance, which cannot be explained by mainstream financial theory. In economics, the “herding effect” is often used to describe the herd mentality of economic individuals. The flock of sheep is a very scattered organization. They usually rush left and right blindly when they are together, but once one sheep starts to move, the other sheep will rush forward without thinking, regardless of whether there may be a wolf in front or not far away. There is better grass everywhere. Therefore, the "herding effect" is a metaphor that people have a herd mentality. Herd mentality can easily lead to blind obedience, and blind obedience often leads to scams or failure.
The herd effect generally occurs in a very competitive industry, and there is a leader (leader) in this industry that occupies the main attention, then the entire herd will continue to imitate this Every move of the leader sheep, wherever the leader goes to "graze", other sheep also go to "dig for gold".
06-Hedgehog Law
Hedgehog Law: Two sleepy hedgehogs hugged each other because of the cold. But because they each had thorns on their bodies, they moved some distance away, but they couldn't bear the cold, so they got together. After several twists and turns, the two hedgehogs finally found a suitable distance: they could get each other's warmth without getting stung.
Application of the Hedgehog Law
The Hedgehog Law mainly refers to the "psychological distance effect" in interpersonal communication.
French President de Gaulle is a person who is very good at using the hedgehog rule. He has a motto: "Keep your distance"! This also profoundly affected his relationships with advisors, think tanks, and staff. During his more than ten years as president, no one in his secretariat, office, personal staff and other consultants and think tanks could work for more than two years. He always said this to the newly appointed chief of staff: "I have used you for two years. Just as people cannot take the work of the staff as their career, you cannot take the chief of staff as your career." This is de Gaulle's Regulation. This provision is due to two reasons: First, in his view, transfer is normal, but fixation is abnormal. This is affected by the practice of the army, because the army is mobile and there is no army that is always fixed in one place. The second is that he doesn’t want “these people” to become “people he can’t live without.” This shows that de Gaulle is a leader who mainly relies on his own thinking and decision-making to survive. He does not allow people around him who can never live without him. Only through transfer can we maintain a certain distance, and only by maintaining a certain distance can we ensure that the thinking and decisions of advisers and staff are fresh and full of vitality, and we can prevent long-standing advisers and advisers from using the name of the president and the government. Fraud for personal gain.
De Gaulle’s approach is thought-provoking and admirable. Without a sense of distance, leaders' excessive reliance on secretaries or a few individuals for decision-making can easily lead to think tank personnel interfering in politics, and then allowing these people to use the name of leadership to seek their own selfish interests, and finally drag leading cadres into trouble. The consequences are very dangerous. Compared with the two, it is better to keep a certain distance.
General Electric Company
Stone, the former president of General Electric Company, pays great attention to practicing the Hedgehog Theory in his work, especially when dealing with middle and senior managers. In terms of workplace and treatment issues, Stone never skimped on caring for managers, but in his spare time, he never asked managers to visit his home, and he never accepted their invitations. It is this kind of management that maintains a moderate distance that enables GM's various businesses to flourish. Keeping a certain distance from your employees will neither make you superior nor confuse you with your employees. This is the best state of management. The distance is maintained by a certain principle, which treats everyone equally: it can restrain the leader himself or his employees. Master this principle, and you will master the secret of successful management.
"Good to Great"
In the book "Good to Great", the author Collins reinterprets the Hedgehog Theory. This means that no matter how the fox tries to kill the hedgehog, the hedgehog only needs to shrink back, and the fox will be helpless. This shows that as long as an enterprise finds a simple and effective development model, it can easily cope with any changes in the market and its opponents and achieve rapid growth.
07-Watch Law: Watch Law
Watch Law: Watch Law means that when a person has one watch, he can know what time it is, and when he has two watches at the same time The time cannot be determined. Two watches cannot tell a person a more accurate time, but will make the person looking at the watch lose confidence in the accurate time.
The watch theorem gives us a very intuitive inspiration in business management, that is, the same person or the same organization cannot use two different methods at the same time, and cannot set two different goals at the same time. One person cannot be directed by two people at the same time, otherwise the company or individual will be at a loss.
Fable Story
The Story of the Monkey and the Watch
There is a group of monkeys living in the forest. They go out to look for food when the sun rises every day. Go back to rest and live a peaceful and happy life.
A tourist was walking through the forest and dropped his watch on a rock under a tree. The monkey "Mengke" picked it up. The smart "Mengke" quickly figured out the purpose of the watch, so "Mengke" became the star of the entire monkey group. Every monkey asked "Mengke" for the exact time, and the entire monkey group's work and rest time was also determined by "Mengke". "Mengke" to plan. "Mengke" gradually established his prestige and became the monkey king.
Mengke, who became the monkey king, believed that the watch brought him good luck, so he patrolled the forest every day, hoping to find more watches. The hard work paid off, and "Meng Ke" owned a second and third watch.
But "Meng Ke" has a new trouble: the time indications of each watch are different. Which one is the exact time? "Meng Ke" was stumped by this question. When a subordinate came to ask about the time, "Mengke" hesitated and couldn't answer, and the work and rest time of the entire monkey group became confused. After a while, the monkeys rebelled and pushed "Meng Ke" off the throne of the Monkey King. "Meng Ke"'s collection was also taken by the new Monkey King. But soon, the new Monkey King also faced the "fierce" confusion.
This is the famous "watch law": with only one watch, you can know the time; with two or more watches, you cannot determine the time. More clocks will not tell people a more accurate time, but will make watch watchers lose confidence in the accurate time.
Law Inspiration
The Watch Law brings us a very intuitive inspiration:
For any one thing, two different goals cannot be set at the same time. Otherwise, people will be at a loss; a person cannot choose two different values ??at the same time, otherwise his behavior will be in chaos.
A person cannot be commanded by more than two people, otherwise the person will be at a loss; for an enterprise, two different management methods cannot be used at the same time, otherwise the enterprise will not be able to develop.
The merger of AOL and Time Warner is a typical failure case in this regard. AOL is a young Internet company. Its corporate culture emphasizes flexible operations and quick decision-making, and requires everything to serve the goal of quickly seizing the market. Time Warner has established a corporate culture that emphasizes integrity and innovation during its long-term development process.
After the merger of the two companies, the senior management of the company did not resolve the conflict between the two value standards well, causing employees to be completely confused about the future development direction of the company. Ultimately, the marriage of the century between Time Warner and AOL ended in failure. This also fully shows that to know the time, an accurate watch is enough.
Only choose the one you think is correct
Two watches cannot tell a person a more accurate time, but will make the person looking at the watch lose confidence in the accurate time. What you have to do is to choose the more trustworthy one, try to calibrate it, use it as your standard, and follow its guidance.
Nietzsche has a famous saying: "Brother, if you are lucky, as long as you have a morality and don't be greedy for more, it will be easier for you to cross the bridge." If everyone "choose what you want" Love, love what you choose”, you can feel at ease regardless of success or failure. However, what troubles many people is that they are confused and exhausted by the "two watches", and they don't know which one they should believe.
There are also people who, under pressure from the environment or others, choose a path they don’t like against their will, and are depressed throughout their lives because of it. Even if you have achieved remarkable achievements, you still cannot feel the joy of success.
Life inspiration
In real life, we often encounter similar situations. For example, two elective courses are of interest to you, but the teaching time overlaps, and you do not have enough energy to learn both courses well. At this time, it is difficult for you to make a choice. When facing two boys who are equally good and equally devoted to you, you will definitely be troubled for a long time, not knowing how to make a decision.
When choosing a career, where will you go? At every crossroads in life, we have to face the trouble of "can't have it both ways".
When faced with contradictory choices, we recommend using "fuzzy psychology". The so-called "fuzzy psychology" means that in a difficult decision-making situation, the subconscious mind is used as the main tone to make a choice that conforms to the subconscious mind.
Psychological research shows that "fuzzy psychology" is actually a kind of psychological sedimentation that people accumulate during their growth process. Maybe you can't tell a clear reason, but through your subconscious mind, you can generally make a decision that best meets your individual psychological needs. The subconscious mind mentioned here is actually what we often call the first impression. "Fuzzy psychology" can provide us with the safest psychological protection in the face of contradictory choices, so it is worth promoting.
Core idea: More choices and more standards will make people confused.
Application tips: Clear goals and avoid interference; know how to make choices and let go when necessary.
Application fields: social life, business management.
08-Broken Window Theory: Break Pane Law
Broken Window Theory: If a window in a house is broken and no one repairs it, other windows will be inexplicably damaged soon after. People break; if some graffiti appears on a wall and has not been cleaned, the wall will soon be covered with messy and unsightly things; in a very clean place, people are embarrassed to throw away garbage, but once there is garbage on the ground After that, people will throw it away without hesitation and without feeling any shame.
Broken Windows Theory 1
Also known as the "Broken Windows Fallacy", it originated from a parable in a pamphlet by a scholar named Hazlitt (some people think this This theory was summarized by Bastiat, a 19th-century French economist who was the target of criticism (see his famous article "The Visible and the Invisible"). The Hazlitt said that if a child breaks a window, it will inevitably cause the person who broke the window to replace the glass, which will put the glass installers and glass manufacturers to work, thereby promoting social employment.
Here, scholars are trying to explain the consequences of children’s behavior and government behavior, thereby completely denying the Keynesian government intervention policy. The "broken windows theory" is a typical example of "destruction creates wealth." It seems appropriate to apply this fallacy to floods, earthquakes, and wars.
Broken window theory 2
Also called the broken window effect (Break Pane Law)
A broken window, if not repaired, will lead to more Windows were broken and entire buildings were demolished.
The "broken windows theory" observed and summarized by American political scientist Wilson and criminologist Kaelin points out that the environment can have strong suggestiveness and inducement to a person.
09-Pareto principle
Pareto principle: Pareto, an Italian economist at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, believed that in any given year Among the group of things, the most important ones account for only a small part, about 20%, and the remaining 80%, although they are the majority, are secondary. About 80% of society’s wealth is concentrated in the hands of 20% of people, while 80% of people only own 20% of society’s wealth. This statistical imbalance is ubiquitous in society, economy and life. This is the 80/20 rule.
The 80/20 rule tells us not to analyze, deal with and look at problems equally, but to seize the key few in business operations and management; to find out those who can bring 80% of the total profit to the company. However, they only account for 20% of key customers. Strengthen services to achieve twice the result with half the effort; business leaders must carefully classify and analyze work and spend their main energy on solving major problems and grasping major projects.
20% of people succeed------------------80% of people fail
20% of people use it from the neck up Making money--------80% of people make money from the neck down
20% of people think positively--------------80% of people think negatively< /p>
20% of people buy time----------------80% of people sell time
20% of people find a good employee- ----------80% of people find a good job
20% of people dominate others--------------80% of people are subject to People dominate
20% of people do business----------------80% of people do things
20% of people value experience ---------------80% of people value academic qualifications
20% of people believe that actions have results------80% of people believe that knowledge is power
20% of people will do what they want to do to make money------80% of people will do whatever they want to make money
20% of people love investing- ---------------80% of people love shopping
20% of people have goals---------------- 80% of people like to think nonsense
20% of people look for answers in questions----80% of people look for questions in answers
20% of people People are taking a long-term view------------80% of people only look at the present
20% of people seize opportunities--------------80 % of people miss opportunities
20% of people plan for the future--------------80% of people don’t think about what they will do today until they wake up in the morning
20% of people act according to successful experience----80% of people act according to their own wishes
20% of people do simple things------------ 80% of people are unwilling to do simple things
20% of people will do tomorrow’s things today------80% of people will do today’s things tomorrow
20% How can people do it----------80% of people can't do it
20% of people take notes---------- -----80% of people are forgetful
20% of people are influenced by successful people----80% of people are influenced by losers
< p>20% of people are in good condition--------------80% of people have a bad attitude20% of people believe that they will succeed----- ----------80% of people are unwilling to change the environment
20% of people always praise and encourage ---------------80% of people Always criticize and criticize
20% of people will insist --------------80% of people will give up