Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism can be explained by jing. The core idea of ??Confucianism is respect, respect, and reverence; the core idea of ??Taoism is tranquility, which is tranquility; the core idea of ??Buddhism is purity, which is purity.

Confucianism is about governing the world, Taoism is about cultivating oneself, and Buddhism is about cultivating the mind.

Mr. Nan Huaijin, a master of Chinese studies, once said: "Buddhist statues are a department store. If you have money and leisure, you can go shopping. You can go shopping and buy things. You can also not shop at all, but society needs it; Taoist statues The drug store includes the thoughts of military strategists and politicians, as well as astronomy, geography, and medicine. When a country or nation is sick, it must go to this drug store; Confucian thought of Confucius and Mencius is a food store, which is eaten every day. To have a deep understanding of China To understand the evolution of culture and history and what to do in the future, we must study the Four Books. "Today, we have selected 60 classics of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. If you can memorize them, you will definitely benefit a lot.

01

-Confucianism is a grain store - 20 classic Confucian sayings -

1. People who have no faith do not know what to do. How can a large cart move without a hook and a small cart without a shaft? ——"The Analects of Confucius"

The main idea: It is not allowed for a person to be dishonest. (Just like) A large cart does not have the wooden pins connecting the shaft and the yoke, and a small cart does not have the pins connecting the bars and the crossbar, how can it still move?

Fool’s advice: Confucianism has three layers, the inner layer is filial piety, the middle layer is loyalty, and the outer layer is faith. What is "faith"? "Faith" is self-confidence, which is recognition of oneself; "faith" is also trust, which is the expectation of recognition of others; "faith" is also credibility, which is the recognition of others' past. In short, the letter is the difference between expected and actual. The difference is so big that if there is no trust, it will be difficult to move forward!

2. If you don’t hesitate to say something, it will be difficult to do it. ——"The Analects of Confucius"

The main idea: If you speak big words without being ashamed, it will be very difficult to practice these words.

3. A gentleman who has nothing to eat and nothing to live in, who is sensitive to things but careful in his words, is Taoist and upright, and he can be said to be eager to learn. ——"The Analects of Confucius"

The general idea: A gentleman does not seek to satisfy himself when eating, nor seeks comfort when living. He is diligent and agile in his work, but cautious in his words. He seeks advice from wise people to distinguish between right and wrong. This can be said to be easy to learn.

4. The Lord is loyal and trustworthy. If there is no friend who is worse than yourself, don’t be afraid to correct your mistakes. ——"The Analects of Confucius"

The main idea: The most important thing in life is to be honest and trustworthy. Don't make friends with people who don't share your views. Don't be afraid to correct mistakes if you make them.

5. Everything has its beginning and end, and everything has its beginning and end. If you know the order of things, you will be able to take the shortcut. ——"University"

The main idea: Everything in the world has its beginning and end. If you clarify their order, you will be close to the law of the development of things.

6. Those who are sincere should not deceive themselves. Like hating bad odors, like loving lust, this is called self-effacement. Therefore, a gentleman must be careful about his independence. ——"University"

The main idea: Making your thoughts sincere means not to deceive yourself. Just as you hate rotten smells and love beauty, everything comes from the true feelings of your heart. This is called self-satisfaction. Therefore, a person with high moral character will definitely be cautious even when he is alone.

7. Don’t blame God when you are above, and don’t blame others when you are below. Therefore, a gentleman lives in easy places to wait for his fate, and a villain takes risks to seek luck. ——"The Doctrine of the Mean"

The general idea: Don't complain to God when you are above, and don't blame others when you are below. Therefore, the gentleman is in a safe position and waits for destiny, while the villain takes risks in the hope of lucky success.

8. A gentleman is moderate, while a villain is against the mean. ——"The Doctrine of the Mean"

The general idea: The words and deeds of a gentleman are in line with the Doctrine of the Mean, while the words and deeds of a villain are contrary to the Doctrine of the Mean. The reason why a gentleman complies with the Doctrine of the Mean is because a gentleman can be moderate in the changes; The reason why people violate the mean is because villains are unscrupulous and go to extremes.

9. Those who fail in their actions will turn to themselves, and if their bodies are upright, the world will return to them. ——"Mencius"

The main idea: If any behavior fails to achieve the expected results, he will find the reason in himself. If he corrects himself, people in the world will naturally turn to him.

10. Those who abuse themselves cannot be talked to; those who abandon themselves cannot be talked to. ——"Mencius"

The general idea: You cannot have valuable conversations with people who harm themselves; you cannot have sex with people who abandon themselves (people who are extremely irresponsible to themselves) A worthy cause.

11. Do not rely on elders, do not rely on nobles, do not rely on brothers but make friends. ——"Mencius"

The general idea: Don't rely on your age, your high status, or your family's wealth to make friends.

12. The heart of compassion is the root of benevolence; the heart of shame and disgust is the root of righteousness; the heart of resignation is the root of courtesy; the heart of right and wrong is the root of wisdom. Human beings have four ends, just as they have four bodies. ——"Mencius"

The main idea: Compassion is the beginning of benevolence; shame is the beginning of righteousness; the heart of resignation is the beginning of courtesy; the mind of right and wrong is the beginning of wisdom. Benevolence, righteousness, propriety, and wisdom are the four beginnings, just like what humans originally possess. Man has these four beginnings, just like he has limbs.

13. Don’t use your eyes and ears, but Baidu is honest. Playing with people loses morality, playing with things loses morale. ——"Shang Shu"

The main idea: If you are not controlled by the sensory desires such as ears and eyes, you will handle things appropriately. If you focus on teasing people, you will lose your morality. If you focus on playing with utensils, you will lose your morality. If you go up, you will lose your ambition.

14. If you don’t work diligently or diligently, you will eventually suffer great virtues. For the sake of nine people, the success will fall short. ——"Shang Shu"

The main idea: If you don't work hard and diligently in the morning and evening, and don't pay attention to details and style, you will eventually cover up or deny your achievements and contributions, and harm your great virtue. This is like building a nine-foot-high mountain but failing to build it because there is only one basket of soil missing.

15. The inchworm bends to gain trust; the dragon and snake stings to save the body. ——"Book of Changes"

The general idea: The inchworm (huò) bends its body as much as possible in order to stretch forward; the dragon and snake hibernate in order to preserve life. Nowadays, "the bend of the inchworm" is often used as a metaphor for the strategy of retreating into advancing.

16. Stop when the time comes, and move when the time comes. Movement and stillness do not lose their time, and the path is bright. ——"The Book of Changes"

The general idea: Stop when you should stop, move on when you should move forward, and lose no time in both movement and stillness, and the way of a gentleman will be bright.

17. Don’t talk nonsense about others, and don’t waste money. The etiquette should not exceed the festival, do not invade and insult, and should not be rude. ——"Book of Rites"

The essence of etiquette is not to please people casually, nor to talk in vain. It must not violate the rules, not infringe and insult others, and not pretend to be affectionate with others.

18. If the husband sits like a corpse, he stands like a corpse. Follow the appropriate etiquette and follow the customs. ——"Book of Rites"

The general idea: when sitting, you must sit upright; when standing, you must stand respectfully. When observing etiquette, one must make expedient changes according to the time and place, and when traveling to other countries as envoys, one must comply with local customs.

19. When a gentleman makes a promise, a villain speaks first. ——"Book of Rites"

The general idea: A virtuous person speaks carefully, pays attention to doing practical things, and does what he says; a person with low moral character talks nonsense, speaks big words before he can do it, and does not do what he says.

20. Scholars make four mistakes, and teachers must know them. When people learn, they may lose a lot, they may lose a few, they may lose it easily, or they may stop it. ——"Book of Rites"

General idea: There are four mistakes that learners are prone to make, and teachers who teach must know them. When people are studying, they may have the problem of being greedy for too much without seeking a thorough understanding, or they may have the problem of being satisfied with less and knowing a little and being satisfied, or they may have the problem of thinking that it is too easy and not study seriously, or they may have the problem of setting limits on themselves and not seeking progress. problems.

Confucianism is a grain store

02

-Taoism is like a pharmacy - 20 classic Taoist sayings -

1. The wind is not flowing It rains all day long. ——"Tao Te Ching"

Main idea: A strong wind cannot blow all morning, and a heavy rain cannot last all day.

2. If it is empty but not yielding, it will get better when it moves. It is better to keep in mind than to keep in mind. ——"Tao Te Ching"

The main idea: If you cannot keep quiet, but claim to be knowledgeable and knowledgeable, and then talk too much, it will soon lead to failure. It is better to stay quiet and do nothing to achieve success.

3. A generous person without corners, a late bloomer of great talent, a great voice and a rare sound, but an invisible elephant. ——"Tao Te Ching"

The main idea: The squarest thing cannot see its edges and corners, the more expensive the utensils are, the slower they are made, the loudest voice cannot be heard, and the largest image has no trace.

4. If you love too much, you will spend a lot of money; if you hide too much, you will die richly. Knowing what is enough will not disgrace you, knowing how to stop without peril, it will last a long time. ——"Tao Te Ching"

Main idea: Excessive love will lead to huge sacrifices, and excessive possession will lead to heavy losses.

Therefore, if you know that you are satisfied, you will not suffer humiliation. If you know that it is enough, you will not encounter danger. In this way, you can be safe for a long time.

5. There is no greater disaster than dissatisfaction, and no greater fault than desire. Therefore, knowing what is enough is always enough. ——"Tao Te Ching"

Main idea: The greatest disaster is not being satisfied, and the greatest fault is the desire to get. A contented person is always satisfied.

6. If you are careful from the end to the end, you will never fail. ——"Tao Te Ching"

Main idea: If you treat the work at the end as seriously as you did at the beginning, you will never be unsuccessful in anything you do.

7. The way of heaven is beneficial but not harmful. The way of a saint is to work without fighting. ——"Tao Te Ching"

Main idea: The laws of nature are beneficial to all things and do not harm all things. The principle followed by the saint is to bring benefits to the people of the world but not to compete with them.

8. Therefore, the saint comes first after his body, and his body exists outside his body. Isn’t it because of his selflessness? Therefore, it can be done privately. ——"Tao Te Ching"

The main idea: If you retreat modestly and do not argue, you will be able to take the lead among others; if you put yourself out of trouble, you will save your life. Isn’t this precisely because of selflessness? On the contrary, it can achieve one's own selfishness.

9. The most soft thing in the world is the strongest thing in the world. ——"Tao Te Ching"

The main idea: The softest things in the world can run freely between the hardest things in the world.

10. If you want to eliminate something, you must strengthen it; if you want to weaken it, you must strengthen it; if you want to destroy it, you must strengthen it; if you want to seize it, you must strengthen it. ——"Tao Te Ching"

The main idea: If you want to close it, you must first expand it; if you want to weaken it, you must first strengthen it; if you want to abolish it, you must first flourish it; if you want to To take something, you must first give something.

11. A small confusion can make the recipe easy, but a big confusion can make it easy. ——"Zhuangzi"

Main idea: A small confusion can make people go astray, and a big confusion can make people lose their nature.

12. The Tao is what it is, and things are what they say. ——"Zhuangzi"

Main idea: The road is made by people, and the names of things are called by people.

13. Those who praise others with good reputation are also good at betraying them. ——"Zhuangzi"

The main idea: People who like to praise others in person also like to slander others behind their backs.

14. The Tao is hidden in Xiaocheng, and the words are hidden in glory. ——"Zhuangzi"

Main idea: Subjective bias will hinder the pursuit of truth, and rhetoric can easily cover up the truth.

15. Those who lose themselves in things and lose their nature in the world are called inverted people. ——"Zhuangzi"

The main idea: If a person is lost in the material world and loses his true nature in the world, this person is putting the cart before the horse.

16. People in ancient times were externalized but not internalized; people today are internalized but not externalized. ——"Zhuangzi"

The main idea: People in ancient times changed with external things but their hearts remained unchanged; people today have changeable hearts and cannot change with external things.

17. If you look at the big things carefully, you will not understand them; if you look at the small things when you are arrogant, you will not understand. ——"Zhuangzi"

Main idea: It is impossible to see huge things comprehensively from a small perspective, and it is impossible to see small things truly from a huge perspective.

18. Those who are sad and happy are the faults of virtue; those who are happy and angry are the faults of the Tao; those who like and dislike are the faults of the heart. ——"Zhuangzi"

The general idea: If you indulge yourself in sadness or happiness emotionally, then your own morality will be incorrect; if you cannot control your joy and anger, you will not be able to realize the great truth; if you have likes and dislikes in your heart, Then the original nature of mind will be lost.

19. It is easy to disappear, but difficult to go without. ——"Zhuangzi"

General idea: It is easy to eliminate footprints, but it is too difficult to walk on the ground. It is often used to explain that we should be down-to-earth and never aim too high.

20. Great knowledge comes from time to time, but small knowledge comes from time to time. The big talk is Yan Yan, the small talk is Zhan Zhan. ——"Zhuangzi"

The main idea: The wisest people always show an open-minded and generous attitude; people with little talent always like to worry about trivial rights and wrongs. Speeches that are in line with the Dao are as powerful as a prairie fire, beautiful and grand, and make people feel sincere after hearing them; those comments that are clever are trivial and full of nonsense.

Taoist Statue Store

03

-Buddhist Statue Department Store - 20 Buddhist classics -

1. If you are a Bodhisattva If you have the appearance of self, the appearance of human beings, the appearance of living beings, and the appearance of a person with a long life, you are not a Bodhisattva. ——"Diamond Sutra"

Interpretation by Nan Huaijin: A person who studies the Mahayana Bodhisattva Way still has you, me, and him in his heart, and even when he gives benefits to others, this guy should sell my friendship! This is the way of worldly law. There is no Buddhist law. Just give it if you give it. You should forget it like "things are like a spring dream without a trace."

2. A pure mind should be born in this way. A mind should not live in color, a mind should not live in sounds, fragrances, and touches. A mind should be born in nothing. ——"Diamond Sutra"

Interpretation by Nan Huaijin: A pure mind should be generated at any time. What is a pure mind? A truly pure heart does not have a light or a state, but does not dwell in form, sound, fragrance, or touch. He said that true practice should be centered on nothing. You should be at ease wherever and whenever you want. Things should come as they come, and the past should not be left behind. To describe it with these two sentences we often talk about, it means that the mind is free of anything, like a mirror, and the mind is like a mirror stand. When there is a state of mind, it can be reflected, but after using it, it will be gone.

3. The so-called Buddhism is not Buddhism. ——"Diamond Sutra"

Nan Huaijin's interpretation: A true Buddha does not consider himself a Buddha, and a true saint does not consider himself a saint, so the true Buddha Dharma is not the Buddha Dharma. If you have a concept of Buddhism, you are already attached to it (attachment is a Buddhist term, which means being attached to appearance, illusion or individual consciousness and deviating from the essence). To put it nicely, it is attachment, but not to say it is attachment. Obsessed.

4. The Tathagata is the one who speaks the truth, the one who speaks the truth, the one who speaks like words, the one who does not lie, and the one who does not speak differently. ——"Diamond Sutra"

Interpretation by Nan Huaijin: The Buddha's Dharma is true, he does not tell lies, he speaks the truth, it is real, and it is what it is.

5. There is no Dharma, and the Buddha attained Anuttarasamyaksambodhi. ——"Diamond Sutra"

Interpretation by Nan Huaijin: There is no fixed thing in true Buddhism. If you get a fixed thing, you are wrong. There is really nothing, the body is gone, not even the feeling is gone, so the five aggregates are empty, there is no light, no form, everything is unattainable, this is Anuttar Samyak Sambodhi. Great enlightenment.

6. The past can’t be grasped, the present can’t be grasped, and the future can’t be grasped. ——"Diamond Sutra"

Nan Huaijin's interpretation: Everything is not the heart. All the hearts of all living beings are changing. Like time and the physical world, they will never stay, can never be grasped, and will never stop. It's the past... As soon as we said the future, it has become the present; when we were talking about the present, it has become the past.

7. Know that all dharma has no self, and it is achieved through patience. ——"Diamond Sutra"

Interpretation by Nan Huaijin: When you truly know that all dharma is selfless, you have reached the state of selflessness, and you will naturally reach the state of inanimate dharma. (Forbearance of the Immortal Dharma: The Buddha himself said that when he was practicing the Paramita of Patience and Humiliation in the past, his body was cut off by King Kali. He had no resentment in his heart, only thoughts of compassion, so he did not feel any pain... This is concentration. This is the endurance of the unborn dharma, which is also prajna, the state of enlightenment)

8. All conditioned dharma are like bubbles in dreams, dew or lightning, and should be viewed as such. ——"Diamond Sutra"

Interpretation by Nan Huaijin: Buddha told us that everything in the world is like a dream, an illusion.

9. If the merit is real, the Tathagata does not say that the merit is much. If the merit is without reason, the Tathagata says that the merit is much. ——"Diamond Sutra"

Interpretation by Nan Huaijin: The great blessings considered in the world are a lot of money, a long life, many children, good children, everything is good, and it can't be better. But life is all about ideals, and everyone wants to desperately grasp the real world that they know they cannot grasp. Especially lifespan, it is clear that there must be death after life, but everyone wants to learn from immortals and Taoism and live forever.

Blessings are endless. Everyone's glory is just a moment, just like a flashlight. Everyone's flashlight has to shine for a while, but it is impossible to hope that it will shine for a lifetime. The blessings in the world are unreal, and the merits are not real. Therefore, the Buddha said that no matter how much merits there are in the world, they are just empty flowers that pass by in a snap of the fingers.

10. The three thousand great worlds mentioned by the Tathagata are not worlds, but are called worlds.

——"Diamond Sutra"

Nan Huaijin's interpretation: This three thousand world is also a pseudonym, and it is an accidental temporary existence. In fact, there is no eternal substantial existence, and the material world will also change, and will be destroyed. So don’t be trapped by the worries of the world and your family. The so-called family means not family, but is called family; the so-called life means not human life, but is called human life. The same principle applies.

11. Bodhi has no tree, and the mirror is not a stand. There is nothing there, so where is the dust? ——"The Sixth Patriarch Altar Sutra"

Interpretation by Nan Huaijin: Bodhi is a metaphor for wisdom, and a bright mirror is a metaphor for a pure heart. It is originally pure, so how can it be contaminated with dust?

12. People have north and south, but Buddha nature has no north and south. ——"The Sixth Patriarch's Altar Sutra"

Interpretation by Nan Huaijin: Buddhism advocates that all living beings possess the wisdom and virtue of the Tathagata, and that all living beings have the inherent Buddha nature.

13. Sometimes the wind blows and the flags move. One monk said the wind was moving, and another monk said the flags were moving. There was endless discussion. Hui Nengjin said: "It is not the wind that moves, nor the flags that move, but the heart of a benevolent person." - "The Sixth Patriarch's Altar Sutra"

Nan Huaijin's interpretation: At that time, there was a wind blowing and the flags were moving. One monk said that the wind was moving, and another monk said that the flags were moving. There was endless debate. Huineng stepped forward and said: "The reason why you are arguing endlessly is not because of the movement of the wind or the movement of the flags, but because your hearts as practitioners are restless and your hearts are not pure!"

14. If you are a true practitioner, Not seeing the world pass by. ——"The Sixth Patriarch's Altar Sutra"

The main idea: If you see the past in the world, it means that you have been moved and obsessed with appearance, and you have lost your heart of compassion.

15. No thought is the origin, no form is the body, and no dwelling is the foundation. ——"The Sixth Patriarch's Altar Sutra"

The main idea: No thought means not clinging to thoughts, no form means not clinging to appearance, and no clinging means letting it go. In this way, the way will flow smoothly, and the three will become one.

16. The wonderful principles of the Buddhas have nothing to do with words. ——"The Sixth Patriarch's Altar Sutra"

The main idea: the meaning is hidden behind the words, and the words are forgotten when you are so proud.

17. There is no worry in the heart, so there is no fear, so stay away from upside-down dreams. ——"Heart Sutra"

Interpretation by Nan Huaijin: The dharma in the world is not empty, and there is an obstacle to Prajna (the wisdom of knowing all things and the origin of all things truthfully), which is equivalent to having sand in the eyes and recognizing the cycle of life and death as real; The supramundane Dharma is not empty, and there is also an obstacle to Prajna, which is equivalent to having a thorn in the flesh. The city of recognition (a temporarily illusory city, used by Buddhism to metaphor the Hinayana realm) is a treasure house (originally called a place where treasures are hidden, which metaphorically refers to Nirvana). The realm of freedom and unimpededness); therefore, there are upside-down dreams of ordinary life and death, and the nirvana of the two vehicles.

18. All living beings are confused and unable to eliminate all illusions. ——"The Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment"

Interpretation by Nan Huaijin: All sentient beings are confused and have reversed concepts, so they cannot eliminate all psychological and physiological illusions and cannot be pure. Everyone is doing various kinds of kungfu and cultivating the Tao, and they will encounter many realms, and these realms are caused by people's delusions. This is also a kind of "confusion". Some people even get a little pure realm and think it is... I understand, this is a big delusion.

19. Understand that both body and mind are obstacles. ——"The Sutra of Enlightenment"

Interpretation by Nan Huaijin: The reason why we cannot succeed in practicing Taoism is that we are hindered by the body and mind. As soon as we reach a certain level of meditation, our legs are not right, and our buttocks cannot sit still. This is a physical obstacle. Then there is the obstacle of the heart, the thoughts are messy, thoughts come and go, and it is impossible to calm down. Therefore, the Buddha asked us to practice dream contemplation, not to adopt the moving phase, nor to adopt the still phase, and to fully understand that the body and mind are our big obstacles.

20. Charming words speak, and wise minds act. ——"The Sixth Patriarch's Altar Sutra"

Nan Huaijin's Interpretation: People who are confused but not yet enlightened may understand many theories and speak succinctly when discussing them, but they fail to do so in their actions; those who are truly enlightened and wise People, on the other hand, follow their hearts and practice it silently in practice.

A fool says: The difficulty in cultivating Buddhism is not to be attached to it. As long as you talk about it, you will be attached to it. Attachments are very helpful in the early stages of practicing Buddhism, but when you reach a certain level of cultivation, such as Mahayana and Hinayana Buddhism, attachments constrain your practice. But in all great ways, ugly words lead the way. What is ugly talk? It is self-denial. Buddhism teaches that there is no sign, all living beings have no sign, and the Buddha has no sign. The Tao Te Ching also says that Tao can be Tao, but it is not Tao. The two have almost the same meaning, both are self-denial, and both are the opening words of great wisdom. They are words of rejection from doubters and words of invitation from believers.