We in China often say that good is rewarded with good and evil with evil, but very often, what we see in real life is that good people don't live long, and living for thousands of years is harmful. The ancients also had this question, and Sima Qian also noticed it in the process of reading. In Tu's Records of the Sages, Confucian classics occupy an important position, among which records about humility of others abound. There are different opinions about Yao's abdication and Shang Tang's abdication as Bian Suihe. Why is there no record of the same humble throne? Confucius mentioned Boyi and Shu Qi, but there are only their biographies in Hanshu Lv Chunqiu. They are the sons of Gu, a warlord who was enfeoffed in Shang Tang. Zhu Jun wants to pass the throne to Shu Qi. After Gu died, Shu Qi wanted to give up his position to Boyi. Boyi said that I couldn't disobey my father's orders, so I ran away with Shu Qi. The two of them heard that "Xibo Factory", that is, Zhou Wenwang is very kind to the elderly, so they decided to go there to support the elderly. As a result, on the way, Zhou Wenwang died, and Zhou Wuwang led a crusade against Zhou Wang. The two men seized Zhou Wuwang's horse and said that it was unfilial not to bury his father after his death, and it was unkind to crusade against the monarch as courtiers. Zhou Wuwang's men will kill them. Zhou Wuwang said that these were two honest men, so he let them go. After the establishment of the Zhou Dynasty, two people "refused to eat Zhou Su" and starved to death in shouyangshan. Before they died, they wrote a poem (only they were in shouyangshan, and I don't know who recorded this poem): climb the western hills and pick up its beauty. Violence is easy to be violent, and I don't know what it is. Shennong, Yu and Xia suddenly lost their minds, and I feel comfortable? Sorry, my life is failing! It means to go to Xishan to meet the EU (maybe it's the way of Bixing, but it's not necessarily the real way to meet the EU). Zhou Wuwang was a tyrant with a violent minister, but he didn't realize his mistake. The saints like Shennong are gone. Where should I go? Sima Qian Sima Qian heard people say that "God has no relatives and always works with good people", which means that God always helps good people, but when he saw this story, he was very skeptical: Is Uncle Boyi a good person? People who speak righteousness are starving to death! Of the 72 disciples of Confucius, Yan Hui was the best student and died at a young age. Is this God helping good people? Stealing feet is a famous villain, killing innocent people and eating human flesh. Thousands of people gather around the world, but they live a long life. What is the truth? Not only in ancient times, but also in modern times, people who misbehave and commit crimes live a relaxed and happy life, live a long life of wealth and justice, and those who take the right path suffer from disasters. Is this heaven? The Confucian explanation of this is: different Tao, no common goal. Means different values. Some people value wealth, while gentlemen value fame. Only by passing the test can we see people's quality, and only when the world is dirty can we see people's noble conduct. But Sima Qian also saw that these people were famous only because there were saints, such as Boyi Shu Qi and Yan Hui, and everyone knew their fame because of Confucius' praise. What about those who have never seen Confucius? Some sages in the backcountry, who can know? So the final choice becomes: to be an unknown good person, there is not necessarily a good person worthy of good news, okay? There is an obvious contradiction in the story of Zhou Wuwang Boyi Shu Qi, but in order to solve this contradiction, Confucianism put forward two very important ideas, which decided any new dynasty in later generations. Once stabilized, Confucianism will definitely be chosen as the dominant ideology of this dynasty. This contradiction is: If Boyi is right, it means that Zhou Wuwang is unjust and wrong, and Zhou represents the source of all Confucian orthodoxy, and the rulers who established the Zhou Dynasty are people who have both ability and political integrity and can set an example for the world. Confucianists say that they are all right for the following reasons: First, from the perspective of Boyi Shu Qi, there is no doubt that courtiers must be loyal to the monarch. Judging from the comments of later generations on historical events, this view has always been the mainstream. Even if the monarch is a waste, it is a monarch. As a courtier, if I let you die, you die. You can remonstrate to death, but you are absolutely not allowed to overthrow the monarch yourself. Even if you have the ability, it is especially good for the people. This was very satisfying for the later emperors. What about Zhou Wuwang? What about the founding monarch of the new dynasty? Don't worry, there is a second rule. Second, in Zhou Wuwang's view, the establishment of any new dynasty is predestined. Therefore, Zhou Wuwang didn't want to rebel, but punished Zhou Wang instead of God. The new dynasty he established represented fate. In the later generations, if a new dynasty has been established for a long time, Confucianism can safely say, well, this is destiny, and it can also help the new boss to make up an absurd theory about his origin to prove that he is different from ordinary people; If it is destroyed soon after its establishment, the monarch will have no time to find a Confucian intellectual to write something, and then in a stable new dynasty, Confucian scholars can say that the short-lived dynasty is arbitrary fate, but the actual fate lies in this dynasty. It's really slippery These two points may be the main reasons for the continuation of Confucianism.