As a Chinese teacher, I often think about a problem recently. Why are students' Chinese ability inferior to that of the ancients? Not to mention that many modern students can't write that kind of beautiful calligraphy, that is, their ability to choose words and make sentences and use allusions is far from perfect, let alone write poems of five or seven words. What is the reason? Of course, there are reasons for the development of the times Nowadays, people need to learn too many subjects, unlike the ancients who focused on learning Chinese, so literary literacy is naturally not worse than the ancients. We all know that the enlightenment textbooks of ancient private schools are Sanzi Jing and Baijia surname, but recently I came across a Chinese textbook in the late Qing Dynasty, which was 100 years ago. It was really an eye-opener. From this textbook 100 years ago, we can also see the educational concept at that time, which should be said to be enlightening to our Chinese teaching today.

At that time, the language was still called? China? The following is a set of Chinese textbooks published by 19 1 1 Because the primary school was a four-year system at that time, this textbook is equivalent to the level of the first volume of the second grade now. From the cover, it was compiled by the academic department of the Qing government. Shortly after the publication of this textbook, the Revolution of 1911 broke out and the Qing government was overthrown, so it should be said that this is the last set of Chinese textbooks issued by the Qing government.

At that time, I had great respect for my teachers, and every family ancestor would worship them? Heaven and earth? Memorial tablets, this is also the only occupation of the gods. Therefore, the first lesson is to worship the teacher's ancestor: Confucius. This detail is also described in Lu Xun's "From Baicao Garden to San Tan Yin Yue". The first lesson is to worship Confucius. This is the so-called? A sense of ceremony? Once this habit is formed, it will go deep into the mind, so the respect of the ancients for teachers is in the bones.

On the other hand, although the slogan of respecting teachers is still loud, there is no such heartfelt respect as before. There are too many things mixed in the feelings between teachers and students. Students are not afraid of teachers, teachers dare not control students, and parents don't trust teachers. This is really awkward.

Although it is a Chinese textbook, students should also be told what to learn when they enter school. At this time, the school is no longer just teaching four books and five classics, but also teaching mathematics. So the second lesson tells students: enter school, learn algorithms, have word calculation and abacus calculation, learn addition and subtraction first, and then learn multiplication and division. Concise, tell students about the teaching content of mathematics.

Just like now, Chinese learning is not just about reading and writing, but also needs to infiltrate some common sense of life, just like we also teach students about food, flowers, vegetables and so on in Chinese textbooks, which is what they have learned. This sixth lesson let students know about carp, and more importantly, let students know the length? Ruler? And then what? Let the students know the two commonly used units of length by using the big carp several feet long and the small carp several inches long.

The following tenth lesson is to teach students to know several kinds of animals, and the descriptions are also very interesting: tigers are as big as cats, foxes are as small as dogs, donkeys are like horses instead of horses, and whales are like fish instead of fish. Some vivid language is used, for example, with illustrations, so that students can better remember these animals.

In addition to common sense of life, this basic principle of being a man should also be taught. Is this what we are talking about now? Moral education? At that time, moral education was also attached great importance. Lesson 26 teaches how to make friends. Peng and White Sands are compared to educate children to make friends. Close to a gentleman, far from a villain? .

We are also familiar with the following words: see no evil, don't listen if you are indecent, don't say if you are indecent, and don't move if you are indecent; Don't do it because of small goodness, and don't do it because of small evils. These words are all wise sayings today, which shows that the moral education of students was also attached great importance in that era.

There were no academic departments in the Qing Dynasty. At that time, private schools were the mainstream, and the subjects taught by private schools mainly included Saint Amethyst, Hundred Family Names and Qian Wen Zi. After having a certain foundation, I began to teach the Four Books and Five Classics. Later, at the initiative of Kang Youwei and others, a department was set up. This textbook was compiled by the Ministry of Qing Dynasty, which is much better than the private school that only teaches Sheng Amethyst. Even now, it is a good textbook.