Reading methods

First, I believe that in life, one should be diligent in learning at all times and everywhere in order to make progress, and learning in youth is particularly important. He said: "If you are young and don't learn, you will be incompetent if you are old." This is what we now mean by "If you are young and don't work hard, you will be sad if you are old."

Second, I believe that it is not enough for a person to just immerse himself in studying. He must think more and combine learning with thinking to be more effective.

Confucius once said: "Learning without thinking means nothing; thinking without learning means peril." It means: If a person only studies without thinking and digesting, he will gain nothing; if a person only thinks, he will gain nothing; But if you don't know how to learn, you will be even more dangerous.

Third, I believe that what we have learned should be reviewed from time to time.

Confucius has a famous saying about learning, which is "to learn the new by reviewing the past". It means that only by constantly reviewing the knowledge learned in the past, sorting it out, finding out the clues, and consolidating it can we continue to absorb and understand new things.

Fourth, I believe that learning must be done with humility.

Because Confucius was very knowledgeable and was very proficient in ancient documents and history such as "Poems", "Books", "Li", "Yue", "Yi", "Spring and Autumn", etc. Some people think that He is a natural. He disagreed and said: "I am not born to know, I am a person who likes ancient knowledge to seek for it." This means that I am not born knowing these things, but I like ancient documents and infuse them with my sensitivity and concentration. pursuit of the spirit.

Not only that, Confucius also advocated that a person should ask more and listen more when studying, and don’t pretend to understand when you don’t understand. No matter who you are, as long as he has expertise in a certain area, you should humbly ask him for advice. He once said: "When three people are walking together, there must be a teacher from me. Choose the good ones and follow them, and change the bad ones." This means that if there are three people walking together, one of them must be better than himself in some aspect. , you should choose the good aspects and learn from them, and correct the bad aspects.

Qian Zhongshu’s reading methods

Qian Zhongshu, born in Wuxi in 1910, served as the dean of the College of Liberal Arts and the vice president of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. He is a famous scholar in modern and contemporary my country Writer, translator, novelist and essayist. His novel "Fortress Besieged" and his long academic masterpiece "Guan Zhuibian" have had a great influence at home and abroad. His achievements and attainments are manifold. His knowledge is profound and he is outstanding in contemporary China. His approach to scholarship can be summarized in eight words: be knowledgeable and strong-willed, think deeply and make decisions carefully.

Qian Zhongshu read a lot of books since he started school. When he was in middle school, he read the original English works such as "Tianyan Lun", and also read the "Compilation of Ancient Chinese Ci", "Parallel Style Wenchao", "Eighteen Schools of Poetry", etc. As for his favorite novel magazines, I can't put it down and read it endlessly. After being admitted to Tsinghua University, his first ambition was to "sweep the Tsinghua Library". He spent all day long in the library, reading old and new Chinese and Western books. He would use a thick black pencil to underline the best sentences in his own book, and add his comments next to the book. His extensive reading even amazed many professors.

Qian Zhongshu’s exposition is not only famous in Tsinghua, but also famous overseas. In the summer of 1935, Qian Zhongshu went to Oxford University to study. There are world-renowned experts and scholars here. In particular, the school has the world's first-class library-Oxford Bodleian Library. It not only has a large central library, but also has dozens of special books built around it. pavilion. Qian Zhongshu swam in the ocean of knowledge and read books on literature, philosophy, history, psychology and other aspects. He also read a large number of modern Western novels. Due to Qian Zhongshu's broad knowledge, the "Oxford University Series on Oriental Philosophy, Religion, and Art" hired him as a special editor.

Qian Zhongshu’s erudition is attributed to his extensive reading. The notes he wrote on reading books can be described as numerous. It is no exaggeration to say that when he wrote the academic masterpiece "Guan Zhui Bian", he used several sacks of information.

Qian Zhongshu’s thoughtful and prudent approach to learning is first reflected in his attitude towards his predecessors. His "Guan Zhui Bian" corrected many fallacies of his predecessors in the form of notes. It is also full of many self-created new insights. With a literary perspective, Qian Zhongshu discovered many "literary hearts" that had been ignored and forgotten by writers, and enriched our country's literary theory. Secondly, Qian Zhongshu dared to discuss the pros and cons of contemporary authority.

Qian Zhongshu’s thoughtfulness and carefulness are also connected with his original opinions. He often enriches the treasure house of Chinese literature research with new perspectives, new methods, and new materials. He used psychology to explain the psychological state in classical poetry and novels.

Qian Zhongshu advocated gambling first and then making an appointment, and then returning to the appointment by gambling. That is to say, you should first dabble extensively and read a lot of books, and then refine and absorb it on this basis to form your own knowledge structure. This scientific learning method not only made him a generation of academic leaders, but also pointed out the correct path to success for future scholars.