1. Origin of the surname

The surname Xu (Xǔ Xu) has three origins:

1. It originated from the surname Jiang, which came from the surname Jiang who was enfeoffed by King Cheng of Zhou Dynasty Xu State, one of the vassal states, belongs to the surname named after the country.

The surname Jiang, together with twenty other ancient surnames such as Ji and Yu, all originated from the matrilineal clan society more than 2,000 or 3,000 years ago and are one of the oldest surnames in my country. Along with the Jiang surname, there are also descendants of the Shennong family such as Qi, Fushen, Lu, Ji, Xu, and Xiang.

According to historical records, the Xu family and the Qi family have the same ancestor, after Boyi of the Four Mountains in ancient times. After the Western Zhou Dynasty destroyed Shang, King Cheng of Zhou enfeoffed vassals on a large scale. Among them, the old land of Shang also enfeoffed some vassal states with the surname Ji and the surname Jiang. Xu State was one of the vassal states with the surname Jiang that was enfeoffed by Zhou. Its ancestor was Uncle Wen. , the heir of Taiyue, also known as Uncle Xu Wen. The land of Xu State is located in Xuchang City, Henan Province today. It was forced by Zheng, Chu and other countries in the Spring and Autumn Period. In 576 BC, Duke Xu Linggong was forced to move south to Yedi and became a tributary of Chu State; in 534 BC, Duke Xu Pengong was moved to Chengfu. In 538 BC, they moved to Jingshan; in 529 BC, they moved to Yedi; in 506 BC, they moved to Rongcheng again. In the early Warring States period, they were finally destroyed by the Chu State and moved to Rongcheng. Later descendants moved to various places in the Central Plains and Jiangnan. They took the name of the country and called them the Xu family. The surname Xu was called Zhengzong in history.

According to legend, Emperor Yan was the son of the ancient tribal leader Shaodian. Shaodian married Jiao and gave birth to Emperor Yan. Because Emperor Yan lived in the Jiangshui River Basin, he took Jiang as his surname. He himself was also the leader of the Jiang surnamed tribe, named Lieshan clan and Lishan clan. Later, Emperor Yan developed eastward and his power reached the Central Plains, which conflicted with the Yellow Emperor's forces. They fought a war in Banquan (now southeast of Zhuolu, Hebei). As a result, Emperor Yan was defeated and withdrew from the Central Plains. There is also a theory that Emperor Yan is Shennong. Legend has it that he is the inventor of agriculture and medicine. In ancient times, people lived a life of gathering, fishing and hunting. Shennong made Wei and Shu out of wood and taught the people to engage in agricultural production. He also tasted hundreds of herbs, discovered medicinal materials, and taught people how to cure diseases.

According to records, Boyi, a descendant of Emperor Yan, was the Siyue during the Tang Yao period. His descendant Wen Shu participated in King Wu of Zhou's war against Shang. When the Western Zhou Dynasty was established, he was granted a great title to the princes. Wen Shu was granted the title of Xu. (now east of Xuchang, Henan), known as Xuhou in the world, was one of the vassal states in the Central Plains of the Western Zhou Dynasty.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, states such as Zheng and Chu were powerful. Xu State was constantly attacked by these vassal states. Due to its weak strength, it was unable to resist, so it could only endure the humiliation and endure humiliation. For example, in 654 BC, when the Chu State attacked Xu, the Marquis of Xu was unable to resist, so he apologized profusely, and the Chu State retreated. When King Chu Cheng was on the throne, he attacked Xu State again, and Xu Hou had to apologize profusely again to make him retreat. In this case, all Xu Guo could do was to migrate to avoid its edge. In 576 BC, when Xu Linggong was in power, he was forced to move to Ye (now southwest of Ye County, Henan Province); in 533 BC, he moved his country to Chengfu (now southeast of Bo County, Anhui Province); in 529 BC, he moved back to Ye again; In 524 BC, it moved to Rongcheng (now southeast of Lushan, Henan). Later, they migrated almost every three to five years, which shows the dangerous situation they faced at that time.

Although Xu State got a longer period of respite after moving to Rongcheng, the Zhou royal family was weak at that time and was unable to prevent the disputes between princes. Small countries like Xu State still could not avoid the fate of being engulfed. . During the Warring States Period, when Duke Xu Yuangong was in power, he was attacked and destroyed by the State of Chu. It is said that he was destroyed by the State of Wei.

After the fall of the Xu State, the clan members of the country fled in all directions. Although they were scattered in foreign lands, they did not forget their homeland, so they took the country as their surname. This is the main source of the surname Xu.

2. The surname Jiang originates from Xu You, a scholar and sage in the Yao and Shun period. It is a surname based on the name of an ancestor.

According to historical documents and archaeological excavations, it is said that Xu You was a scholar and sage in the Yao and Shun period and lived in Jishan. After his death, he was buried in Jishan, and later generations called him Xu Youshan. It was active under Jishan Mountain in the Yingshui Basin more than 4,000 years ago, which was the land of the Xu Kingdom. After Xu You's death, his descendants took his name as a surname and called him Xu.

Xu You, also known as Xu Yao, Emperor Yao intended to give up the throne to him when he was old, but he refused and fled to the foot of Jishan Mountain to farm and eat. Later, Emperor Yao invited him to serve as the governor of Jiuzhou. He ran to the Yingshui River to wash his ears, saying that he did not want to hear it.

It is said that Xu You did this because he was influenced by the ancient hermit Chao Fu. Emperor Yao first wanted to ask Chao Fu to take over his throne, but Chao Fu refused. Yao wanted to give way to Xu You again, so Chao's father taught Xu You to live in seclusion. However, it is not known which of the people with the surname Xu in later generations are descendants of Xu You, and their lineage also needs detailed research. The surname Xu was based on Runan (today's Lushan, Pingyu, and Ye County in Henan) and Gaoyang (today's east old city of Gaoyang, Hebei) as county commanders. They were all descendants of the Xu State, so the origin of the surname Xu should actually be from The surname Jiang is the main one.

3. Surname changes from various ethnic groups. It belongs to Chinese culture and the surname is changed to surname.

In the Qing Dynasty, the chieftains of Sicheng Prefecture in Guangxi (now Lingyun, Guangxi) and the Manchu, Li, Yao, Yi, Tujia, Achang, Hui, Mongolian, Korean and other ethnic minorities all had the surname Xu.

2. The ancestor of the surname: Xu You.

Xu You, also known as Xu Yao, was a scholar and sage in the Yao and Shun period. When Emperor Yao got old, he planned to give up his throne to Xu You, but Xu You refused to accept it and fled to the foot of Jishan Mountain to farm and eat by himself. Later, Yao asked him to be the governor of Jiuzhou. He went to the Yingshui River to clean his ears and expressed that he did not want to hear about it.

After Xu You died, he was buried in Jishan, and later generations called him Xu Youshan. Xu You's descendants took their first name as their surname, and were called the surname Xu. Xu You was commemorated as the ancestor of the surname Xu.

3. Migration Distribution

The original birthplace of the surname Xu is the east of Xuchang, Henan Province today. In the Spring and Autumn Period, a branch of Wenshu, a descendant of the Jiang surname, was forced by Zheng and Chu and moved many times to Ye (southwest of today's Ye County, Henan Province), Chengfu (southeast of today's Bo County, Anhui Province), Jingshan (now the Hubei Province), Rongcheng (now southeast of Lushan, Henan Province) and other places were later destroyed by Chu, and some of their descendants lived in the Xinhuang and Zhijiang areas of today's Hunan Province. This can be said to be the first reproduction and migration of the Xu surname. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, the Xu surname spread throughout most areas of Henan and Hebei provinces, and later formed the largest prominent family in the history of the Xu surname: Runan County Wang. This county branched out into Gaoyang County, Taiyuan County, Kuaiji County and other famous families that played a major role in the development of the Xu surname. According to records, the ancestor of Runan County was Xu Yi, a high-ranking scholar in the late Qin Dynasty. His great-great-grandson Xu De served in the Western Han Dynasty, including Anding (today’s Pingliang, Gansu Province and the western part of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region) and Runan (today’s south-central part of Henan Province and the area north of the Huaihe River in Anhui Province). ) prefect, settled in Pingyu County, Runan. During the Three Kingdoms, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, as people moved south to avoid the war in the north, people surnamed Xu moved to present-day Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hubei, Fujian, Guangdong and other places. Xu Meng, a descendant of the Runan branch, was appointed governor of Youzhou in Cao Wei, Xu Shi was appointed governor of Pingyuan (now southwest of Pingyuan County, Shandong Province), Xu Mao was appointed governor of Gaoyang (now part of Henan Province), Xu Wanggui was appointed governor of Guiyang in the Southern Dynasty, Xu Yan was appointed governor of Xiangzhou, and Xu Yonghui was appointed governor of Xiao Qi At that time, he was granted the title of Marquis of Jinling County, Xu Zongzhi was appointed as the governor of Dingzhou in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and Xu Mao was appointed as the prefect of Tianmen in Liang Dynasty. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, society tended to be stable. Both those with the Xu surname who lived in the north and those who moved to the south had considerable development, and the population of the Xu surname was growing day by day. The above-mentioned descendants of the Xu surname in Runan also had new developments. For example, Xu Xun was appointed as the governor of Pingyuan (now part of Shandong Province), Xu Hongzhou was appointed as the governor of Chuzhou, Xu Yuan was appointed as the governor of Suiyang, and Xu Xian was appointed as the governor of Yuanzhou. From the Song and Yuan Dynasties to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the main characteristics of people with the Xu surname were their migration to the south and overseas. The migration to the south during the Song and Yuan Dynasties promoted the trend of Xu surnames being more common in the south than in the north. Most of the people with the Xu surname who immigrated to Taiwan in the Qing Dynasty were from one county in Runan and lived in Taipei, Pingtung, Kaohsiung and other places. At this point, the surname Xu can be said to have spread all over the world and is broadcast everywhere. Today, the majority of people with the surname Xu are in Jiangsu, Shandong, Yunnan, Guangdong, Henan, Anhui, Zhejiang and other provinces. The Xu surname in the above seven provinces accounts for about 55% of the Han population with the surname Xu in the country. The surname Xu is the 35th most common surname in China today. It has a large population, accounting for about 0.53% of the country's Han population.

IV. History of the Migration of Xu

Spring and Autumn Period

During the Spring and Autumn Period, Zheng, Chu and other countries were powerful, and Xu was constantly attacked by these vassal states. Attack, due to weak strength, unable to resist, can only endure the humiliation and accept humiliation. In 654 BC, the Chu State attacked Xu, but the Marquis of Xu was unable to resist, so he apologized profusely, and the Chu State retreated. When King Chu Cheng was on the throne, he attacked Xu State again, and Xu Hou had to apologize profusely again to make him retreat. In this case, all Xu Guo could do was to migrate to avoid its edge. In 576 BC, during the reign of Duke Xu Linggong, he was forced to move to Ye (southwest of today's Ye County, Henan Province); in 533 BC, he moved his country to Chengfu (southeast of today's Bo County, Anhui Province); in 529 BC, he moved again. Huiye; in 524 BC, he moved to Rongcheng (now southeast of Lushan, Henan Province). In 523 BC, Duke Xu suffered from malaria, and the prince refused to offer medicine. After drinking the medicine, Duke Xu not only failed to cure the disease, but also died. The prince Zhi saw that he had caused great trouble, so he fled to the state of Jin. In addition, there are Xu Bo in the Chu State, Xu Xia in the Zheng State, Xu Yan in the Jin State, Xu Jun, Xu Li in the Zhao State, and Xu Wan in the Wei State. They all fled from the Xu State to various countries for various reasons. Because they were unable to return home, , and settled there. Later, they migrated almost every three to five years, which shows the dangerous situation they faced at that time. After Xu State moved to Rongcheng, although it got a longer period of respite, the Zhou royal family was weak at that time and was unable to prevent the disputes between princes. A small country like Xu State still could not avoid the fate of being engulfed.

Most of the people surnamed Xu distributed in various countries during this period were forced to move after the fall of Xu State, and they could usually still retain their aristocratic status. However, in the late Warring States period, due to the acceleration of social changes and fierce social differentiation, some people with the surname Xu had gradually lost their original aristocratic status, such as Xu Li from Zhao, so they had to use their talents to gain merit again. Gain a higher social status. In addition, in addition to the above countries, there are also people with the surname Xu in Qi, Han, Yan and other countries. They are engaged in a variety of occupations, and some of them are at the lower levels of society. Looking at the Xu surnames in various countries during this period, the number of people was not very large. There are two reasons for this situation: first, the Xu State was originally a small country with a limited population; second, after the demise of the Xu State, the Xu surname lost its original political foundation, and their activities were not recorded in historical books, so it is difficult to trace them today. Learn all about it.

Qin and Han Dynasties

In the Qin and Han Dynasties, in addition to the Gaoyang area, the surname Xu was also distributed in Shandong, Hebei, Henan, Shaanxi, Liaoning, Shanxi, Hubei, Zhejiang and other places. Among them, Shaanxi, Henan, and Hebei have the largest number of people and are the most concentrated. These areas are not evenly distributed, but concentrated in a certain area. For example, Shaanxi is mainly concentrated in Guanzhong, Henan is concentrated in Luoyang and southern Henan, and Hebei is mainly concentrated in the Jizhong Plain.

The Sui and Tang Dynasties

The Xu surname moved southwards beginning in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. After the Tang Dynasty, the Xu surname moved southward in large numbers and multiplied in present-day Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hubei, Fujian, and Guangdong. and other provinces, so many famous people after the Tang Dynasty also came from here.

Song and Yuan Dynasties

The Liao Kingdom is located in the north of my country, and the Xu surname is rarely distributed in its territory. After the Jin Dynasty eliminated the Northern Song Dynasty, it occupied a vast area north of the Huaihe River, which was mainly an area inhabited by the Han people. Therefore, the Xu surname was distributed much more widely during the reign of the Jin Dynasty than in the Liao Dynasty. The Yuan Dynasty ruled a vast territory with a large population and complex ethnic groups, so there were a large number of people with the surname Xu distributed within the territory. In addition, the ethnic composition of the Xu surname also changed during this period, and many people with the Xu surname also appeared among ethnic minorities.

Ming and Qing Dynasties

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, population migration was relatively frequent, some were government actions, and some were to avoid war, which formed another significant feature of the distribution of surnames in this period. The situation of the surname Xu since then. The Ming and Qing Dynasties were a period of great development for the Xu population. The recorded number of people with the Xu surname greatly exceeded that of the previous generation. In addition, cultural quality has also been greatly improved, a group of scholars have emerged, and the number of people who have passed the Jinshi examination has also increased unprecedentedly. Another characteristic is that during this period, a large number of ethnic minorities with the surname Xu emerged, and the number far exceeded the total number of previous dynasties.

5. Junwangtang No.

1. Junwang

Runan County: A county was established during the reign of Emperor Gao of the Han Dynasty, and its administrative seat was Shangcai (now southwest of Shangcai, Henan) ). The founder of this branch of the Xu family was Xu Yi, a high-minded scholar who lived in seclusion and was not an official in the late Qin Dynasty.

Gaoyang County: A county was established during the reign of Emperor Huan of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and its administrative seat was Gaoyang (today’s east of Gaoyang County, Hebei Province). This branch of the Xu family is a branch of the Runan Xu family. It is the clan of Xu Mao, the 5th generation grandson of Gaoyang Prefecture who ruled Xu in the Sixteen Kingdoms.

Henan County: During the reign of Emperor Gao of Han Dynasty, it was changed to Sanchuan County of Qin Dynasty and established as a county. The administrative seat is Luoyang (now northeast of Luoyang City, Henan Province). This branch of the Xu family is a direct descendant of Uncle Wen.

Taiyuan County: During the Warring States Period, King Zhuangxiang of Qin established the county and its administrative seat was Jinyang (now southwest of Taiyuan, Shanxi). This branch of the Xu family is a branch of the Xu family in Runan and comes after Xu Shao, a famous scholar in the late Eastern Han Dynasty.

Kuiji County: A county was established during the reign of Emperor Qin Shihuang, and its governance was in Wu County (now Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province). The founder of this branch of the Xu family is Xu Shen, a famous writer of the Eastern Han Dynasty.

2. Hall name

Washing the transept: During the reign of Emperor Yao, there was a scholar named Xu You. When Yao was old, he wanted to cede the world to him, but he refused to accept it and ran to the foot of Jishan Mountain to farm. Yao also asked him to be the governor of Jiu, so he ran to Yingshui to wash his ears, thinking that what Yao said had tainted him. ears. Xu's name is "Ear Cleansing".

Derentang: After Boyi and Shu Liu destroyed the Shang Dynasty in Zhou Dynasty, they ate Zhou millet in shame and starved to death in Shouyang Mountain. Confucius praised him for "seeking benevolence and gaining benevolence". Xu's family name is "Deren".

Exegesis Hall: During the Han Dynasty, there was Xu Shen, also known as Shuzhong, who was well-read in classics. People at that time praised him as "Xu Shuzhong is unparalleled in the Five Classics". He is the author of "Shuowen Jiezi", which is a collection of ancient and modern classics and exegesis. It is still an essential reference book for studying philology.

In addition, the main hall names of the Xu surname include: "Gaoyang Hall", "Runan Hall", "Shide Hall", "Yongji Hall", "Gaoli Hall", "Dunxu Hall", "Dunbentang", "Linzhentang", "Xiyintang", "Xifantang", "Huaiyitang", "Shaolutang", "Chengwentang", "Juzutang", "Changxingtang" "wait.

6. Clan Characteristics

1. The Xu surname in Runan, with Xu Yi as its origin, is not only the backbone of many county officials, but also the main source of migration in the history of the Xu surname. As far as its own branch is concerned, it has been crowned for many generations, and its hairpins are endless, and it is extremely glorious.

2. The surname Xu inherits the virtuous and noble qualities of his ancestors. He is benevolent, thrifty, and diligent, and many famous people have emerged.

3. The character lines of the surname Xu are regular and distinct, revealing the unique characteristics of the Xu clan. For example, the "Xu Family Tree" that Xu Buyun participated in the compilation contains a line of characters named Xu from Zhejiang: "Dragon, Phoenix, and Linbiao are clever and smart, and their hairpins and tassels are beautiful. Farming and studying make them wiser." "The Genealogy of the Xu Family", which Xu Yinzhi majored in, contains a line with the surname Xu from Hebei: "Establishing Chongwen New Metallurgy is a treasure of the body. Confucianism is based on morality. "The Genealogy of the Xu Family compiled by Xu Xiutang contains a line with the surname Xu of Jiangsu: "Yonglin Dingrui, Changxiu Minzong, Yijun Zehui."

7. Xu surname. Allusions and interesting anecdotes

〖Xu Yun married a wife〗

Xu Yun, a descendant of Xu Zhi, had a great influence in the Three Kingdoms Wei. Xu Yun’s wife Ruan was virtuous but ugly. When Yun got married to him, after the ceremony was completed and he saw his face, he was shocked and refused to enter the bridal chamber. Later, under the advice of others, Xu Yun reluctantly entered the new house, but after staying for a while, he wanted to leave again, and his wife hurriedly stopped him. Xu Yun asked: "A woman has four virtues, how many of them do you have?" His wife replied: "The only thing I lack is 'appearance'. I also heard that a gentleman has a hundred virtues. How many virtues does your husband have?" Xu Yun said, "I have them all." Possessed. Ruan asked back: "A gentleman has hundreds of things, and virtue is the first. Now that you are lustful but not virtuous, how can you say that you have them all?" Respect and love each other and everyone praises them.

〖Xu You is not allowed to take the throne〗

Xu Youyi was called Xu Yao. According to legend, he was a great scholar and sage during the Yao and Shun period. When Yao was old, he intended to give up the throne to him, but he refused. After receiving it, he fled to the foot of Jishan Mountain and farmed and ate. Later Yao asked him to be the governor of Jiuzhou. He went to the Yingshui River to wash his ears and expressed that he did not want to hear it. After his death, he was buried in Jishan, and later generations called him Xu Youshan.

More than 4,000 years ago, Xu You lived under the Jishan Mountain in the Yingshui River Basin, which was the land of the Xu Kingdom. Therefore, many people of the Xu family in later generations regard him as their ancestor.

〖The Death of Xu You〗

When Xu You was young, he had a close relationship with Cao Cao and Yuan Shao. Chu Pingzhong (190-193) followed Yuan Shao to Hebei and became his main adviser. During the battle of Guandu between Yuan and Cao, Xu You defected to Cao Cao because Yuan Shao did not listen to his advice, and helped Cao Cao win this key battle. Xu You thought he had great achievements and was an old friend of Cao Cao. He often called Cao Cao by his nickname, and often said to Cao Cao in front of all the ministers: "You can't win Hebei without me." Although Cao Cao nodded in agreement, he felt very sad in his heart. He was disgusted and later got rid of Xu You with some excuse.

〖Xu Wanzhi advised the king of Wei〗

Xu Wan, a senior official in the state of Wei. The King of Wei wanted to build a high platform and named it Zhongtian Platform, which means a high platform that reaches straight into the sky. In order to prevent the ministers from admonishing him, he ordered: "Anyone who dares to admonish will die." When Xu Wan learned about this, he asked to see the king of Wei regardless of his own safety. Xu Wan said to the King of Wei: "I heard that the king is going to build the Zhongtian Tower, and I am willing to help the king." The King of Wei was very happy to see that Xu Wan not only did not object to this matter, but was also willing to contribute, and asked him what he had in mind. Xu Wan said: "I heard that the sky is 15,000 miles high from the earth. Even if it is half the height, the tower will be 7,500 miles high, and its area will be at least 8,000 miles. The Wei State All the land is not enough to build a platform. The king must build this platform and attack the princes to capture their land. If it is still insufficient, he must attack the barbarians and occupy all their lands to meet the needs. Otherwise, it will not be possible. It is called Zhongtian Terrace. It can be used as agricultural land eight thousand miles away. The income is enough for the king to build the terrace. Please take action immediately and attack the princes." After hearing these words, the king of Wei was speechless. The matter had to be given up. Xu Wan cleverly prevented the King of Wei from building a platform, saving Wei's financial resources from being wasted, and saving his family from the pain of hard labor, and was praised by future generations.

〖Chaste Lady〗

Xu Yifang’s wife, Mrs. Liu, often prided herself on being upright and chaste. Once, when Xu Yifang was away for more than a year, Mrs. Liu stayed alone in her boudoir at home.

One day, Xu Yifang suddenly returned home after handling his affairs and said to his wife: "I have been away from home for more than a year. You are bored living alone at home. Don't you often walk around with your neighbors and relatives?"

Ms. Liu told him: "Since Lang Jun went out, I feel like I have lost my head and soul. I just stay behind closed doors every day and never leave the house."

Xu Yifang After hearing this, I sighed repeatedly. He also asked his wife how she usually found fun. Liu replied: "Where is the fun? I just often write little poems to express my emotions."

Yifang was very happy to hear this, so he let her have fun. The wife took the poem and looked at it. You won’t know if you don’t read it, but you will be shocked when you read it—it turns out that the title of the first poem in the book is: "Moonlight Night Chatting with Neighbor Monks."

——Fan Zhengmin of the Song Dynasty, "Duzhai Leisure Viewing"

8. Historical Celebrities

Xu Xing: The first famous figure named Xu to appear in historical records. He was a native of the Chu State during the Warring States Period. He advocated that "the sage and the people farmed and ate, and governed by eating and drinking (taking care of their own cooking)." This reflected an ideal of farmers in ancient society and had dozens of students.

Xu Shen: A native of Zhaoling, Runan (now Yancheng, Henan Province), a classics scholar and philologist of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the author of the first dictionary in ancient China, and the author of fourteen volumes of "Shuowen Jiezi" with a catalog ***Fifteen volumes.

Xu Shao: A native of Pingyu, Runan (now part of Henan Province), he was a famous scholar during the Cao and Wei dynasties of the Three Kingdoms. He liked to comment on figures. He commented on Cao Cao as: "A traitor in peace and a hero in troubled times."

< p>Xu Heng: Neo-Confucianist of the Yuan Dynasty. After the Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty came to the throne, he and Liu Bingzhong and others established the ceremonial and official system of the court and planned the "scale of founding the country" for the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty. Together with Liu Yin and Wu Cheng, he was known as the three great Neo-Confucians of the Yuan Dynasty.

Xu Shao: A famous scholar from the Wei Dynasty in the Three Kingdoms. The person who is good at commenting is replaced every month, and is sometimes called the "Yuedan Commentary" in Runan. He once commented that Cao Cao was "a capable minister in governing the world and a traitor in troubled times." This sentence is almost the final word of Cao Cao's life. "A generation of traitors" has also become synonymous with Cao Cao.

Xu Hun: a poet of the Tang Dynasty. In his poems, there is a line that "the mountain rain is about to come and the wind fills the building" is sung by the world.

Xu Mengrong: A native of Jingzhao Chang'an (today's Xi'an, Shaanxi Province) in the Tang Dynasty, he held positions such as minister of the Ministry of Personnel and stay-at-home in the Eastern Capital.

Xu Jingzong: In the early Tang Dynasty, he was one of the eighteen bachelors of the Qin Palace. A native of Hangzhou Xincheng (now southwest of Fuyang, Zhejiang Province), he successively held the positions of author, Zhongshu Sheren, Shizhong, and Zhongshu Ling. After assisting Wu, he chased Chu Suiliang and forced to kill Changsun Wuji, Shangguan Yi and others. Participated in the compilation of "Records of Wude", "Records of Zhenguan", "Book of Jin", etc.

Xu Daoning: A native of Chang'an (now Xi'an, Shaanxi Province), he was a painter of the Song Dynasty. He was good at painting the three scenes of trees, plain distance and wild water.

Xu Daoning: Painter of Song Dynasty. He is famous for being good at describing the three scenes of trees, plains and wild water. Zhang Shixun once sent a poem with the line "Li Cheng died and Fan Kuan died, but Xu Daoning left Chang'an" to praise his work.

Xu Shuwei: A native of Zhenzhou (now Yizheng, Jiangsu Province), a medical scientist in the Song Dynasty. His works include Treatise on the Causes of Febrile Diseases and other works.

Mrs. Xu: the heroine of the She people’s uprising in the early Yuan Dynasty. In 1278, she united with Huang Hua to revolt. At that time, the Yuan army had entered Fujian, and Song minister Pu Shougeng surrendered to the Yuan Dynasty. Zhang Shijie, the anti-Yuan general, moved to southwestern Fujian. With her support, he attacked Pu Shougeng and the Yuan army and won many times.

Xu Youren: A native of Tangyin (now part of Henan Province), he was a famous politician in the Yuan Dynasty. He served as an official in seven dynasties for nearly fifty years.

Xu Tianci: A native of Min County (now Minhou, Fujian Province), he was a Jinshi during the Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty. He was an upright official and the author of "Huangmen Collection".

Xu Fuyuan: A native of Deqing, Zhejiang Province in the Ming Dynasty, he served as Zuo Shilang of the Ministry of War in Nanjing. He is the author of "Jinghetang Collection".

Xu Zichang: A native of Wuxian County (now Suzhou, Jiangsu Province) in the Ming Dynasty. He was curious about literature and books. He wrote the legendary "Water Margin", "Lingxi Pei", etc. He also wrote "Aozhai Poetry Notes" and "Aozhai". Books such as "Manglu" and "Happiness Collection".

Xu Hongpan: A native of Jining, Shandong Province in the Qing Dynasty, he served successively as Tongzhi of Anhui and Zhizhou of Sizhou. His works include "Textual Research on Fangyu" and "Records of Western Liao".

Xu Zongyang: a native of Guangxi Province in the Qing Dynasty and a general of the Taiping Army. He once went to Anhui with Shi Da, and followed Wei Changhui to kill Yang Xiuqing. What happened next is unknown.

Xu Jingcheng: A native of Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, he was the Foreign Minister in the late Qing Dynasty. He served as ambassador to France, Germany, Italy, Austria, the Netherlands and other countries, and later served as the Prime Minister and Minister of International Affairs.

Xu Xueqiu: A native of Haiyang (now Chao'an), Guangdong Province, a modern democratic revolutionary who once served as the governor of Dongjiang in the Chinese Revolutionary Army.

Xu Guangping: A native of Panyu, Guangdong, Mrs. Lu Xun. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, she served as deputy secretary-general of the Government Affairs Council of the Central People's Government, vice-chairman of the All-China Women's Federation, and vice-chairman of the Central Committee of the China Association for the Promotion of Democracy.

Xu Dishan: Originally from Fujian, born in Taiwan, he is a famous novelist and essayist. His works include "Spiders Weaving the Web", "Spiritual Rain in the Sky", "Indian Literature", and "History of Chinese Taoism (Part 1)" ”, “Index to the Tripitaka”, etc.

Xu Shiyou: A native of Xinxian County, Henan Province, a famous military strategist. He studied martial arts in the Shaolin Temple when he was young. He joined the National Revolutionary Army in his early years and later joined the Communist Party of China. He was a legendary figure in his life and drank too much. He led and commanded many famous battles with outstanding military exploits. He was awarded the rank of general in 1955. In the border war launched by the Communist Party of China against Vietnam in 1979, Xu Shiyou, then commander of the Guangzhou Military Region, commanded the battle on the eastern front. He died of liver cancer at the Nanjing Military Region General Hospital on October 22, 1985 at the age of 80. After his death, the then national leader Deng Xiaoping gave special permission for General Xu Shiyou to be buried in accordance with his wish to "fulfil filial piety after death." Deng Xiaoping's instructions were, "This will not be the case in the future."

9. The ancestors of various branches of the surname Xu

Xu Bizhen: courtesy name Xiru, from Rubi Street, Nanchang County, Jiangxi Province. He was an official in Hunan Province during the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty and had a political voice in Hunan Province. He was registered in the second year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty. The family temple was built here after the eighth capital of Jiushanyi, Changsha County, Hunan Province. The scholars then called Xujiawan, and he is still called Juzu Gong. He was buried behind the family temple at Ding Jianchou, Shangshouyuan Mountain, Guishan, but there is no monument or picture. Zi San. He is the ancestor of the Xu family in western Hunan.

Xu Junbin: Xing Liang Er, originally from Jishui County, Ji'an Prefecture, West Wu, studied in Chu in the early Yuan Dynasty because of its beautiful landscapes and beautiful customs, so he moved to Huangnijing, Jiangshe, Tan, now Yongpi, Litang. All the tombs and huts in Qiaotian Mountain are located in the lower settlement of Xie. Fu Liu is still the ancestor of our clan. His birthplace and burial place are unknown. Ziyi. He is the ancestor of the Xu family in Xiangtan.

Xu Tongyi: courtesy name Juefu, originally from Yuzhang, Ji Shuiyuan, traveled to Chu during the Zhizheng period to love Xiaoxiang, with beautiful landscapes and customs. Chunmei brought his wife and son to Xiangtan County, Changsha Prefecture. The place name was Zhuzhou Baishi Port, Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty. In the first year of his reign, he moved to Changchongshe Road in the 58th capital of Xingkang, which is now the 9th district of the 4th capital of Ningyi, and became a naturalized citizen. Emperor Shun of the Yuan Dynasty was born on the 16th day of the first lunar month of Bingzi in the second year of the Yuan Dynasty, and died on the 4th day of the second lunar month in the third year of Jianwen of the Ming Dynasty. He was buried in the house of Nanyue Chong, the chief of the ninth district of the fourth capital of Ningyi. He was struck by lightning on his head. There are monuments and tombs in the ridge and turtle-shaped mountains. In the Yichou year of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, Xujiang had an estate. In the same year, Cui Yin Tower was bought at a high price and a deed was added to the temple. Two skewers and five feet of skewers were added to the horizontal ditch, and stones were built around it to form a boundary and a deed to be kept in the temple. The first wife: Lu family, born at noon on the sixth day of August in the first year of Yihai in the third year of Yuantong in the Yuan Dynasty, died on the eighteenth day of July in Maoyin in the thirty-first year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, and was buried in the tomb of Choushan without facing* **monument. The first child: Yan. The ancestor of the Xu family in Yanjiaba, Xiangtan.

Xu Juefu: No. Tongyi, originally from Yongfeng County, Ji'an Prefecture, Jiangyou. He was born on the 16th day of the first lunar month in the second year of Song Deyou's reign, and died on the fourth day of the second lunar month of Xinsi, the first year of the Yuan Dynasty. Yuan Yuan In the first year of the Yuan Dynasty, he moved to Baishigang, Zhuzhou, Xiangtan County, Changsha Prefecture, Huguang, and moved to the 58th capital of Xingkang. Later, it was renamed Sidu 9th District, Ningxiang. It is now Shibao Changchongshe Road, Linfeng Township, Ningxiang. The county's thirteenth security chief, Chongwei Nanjing, was buried in Chongwei, Nanjing Chong. On the top of the house, Leidaling, turtle-shaped mountain, Haishan has been facing the tomb. There are Huabiao, Ningtan's descendants, erected stone tablets, and stone pictures. Surrounded by Xujiang, Cui is for sale. The property management deed was approved by the Nanjing Chong residence. The graves of Xu Juefugong and his wife were not included in the deed. According to the Qing Dynasty, in the seventh year of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty, Cui Yinlou was added to the origin. Supplement to the temple deed. The first wife: Lu, born at noon on the sixth day of August in the first year of Yihai in the first year of Deyou of Song Dynasty, died on July 18th in the fifth year of Yuan to Yuan Dynasty, and was buried with the public tomb Choushan Weixiang tomb and the tombstone ***Batch. Give birth to a son: Ziyan. He is the ancestor of the Xu family in Weining.

Xu Jing: courtesy name Menghe, a native of Kuaiji, the fifth generation of Cao Wugong of Dongxi Division, the official of Huangli and the prefect of Guiyang. The first ancestor of Dongyang: Xu Zhi, courtesy name Dajie. After ascending to Tang Dynasty, Tiancheng was awarded the Jinshi of Wuzike and was awarded the title of Qingzhi Yuan of Qingyuan Prefecture. Wai Lang moved from Qiantang to Zhinantong Rufang and is now the first ancestor of Dongyang. The first ancestor of Qiaoxi, Xu Ji, lived in the fourth generation of Zhengsi. His grandmother's family moved to Qiaoxi in Wudong, Jinhua and settled in Ceshan. He is the ancestor of the Xu family in Jinhua, Zhejiang.

10. Song of the Xu family

There is no city and no town; there is no son.

Shangzu comes to ancient times; Fuxi comes to Huaxu.

Lei Ze Xi’s footsteps; Cheng Ji Xi’s descent.

When the heart collapses, Wa continues; when observing things, he makes divinations.

When the sun eclipses, it kills Ao; when it refines stones, it drives away people.

Shaodian is the emperor’s husband; Jiang is the emperor’s daughter.

Red represents fire virtue; fire virtue represents Emperor Yan.

The Mengyu River descends; the Dragon Spring bathes.

When you cut the wood, you will make grass; when you rub the wood, you will make grass.

Heaven and earth are made up of eight trigrams;

To cure the disease, taste the cockroach; if you eat it by mistake on the rooftop.

When Yan lives, the emperor inherits it; when the emperor comes, he comes to the emperor.

When the emperor is upright, the emperor comes; when the emperor declines, he is ignorant.

Eight years ago, the emperor's biography was revealed;

Shennong comes to an end; the Five Emperors come to an end.

The three mountains are not official; the four mountains are here to help Yao.

If you cut down the Zhi, Xia will be prosperous; if you pull out Shun, you will welcome the virtuous.

The east mountain comes to Boyi; the descending comes to collapse.

Feng Xi the First Marquis; bestow Xu Xi to rejuvenate the clan.

The world is filled with rubbish; the ears are washed with cool water.

We are all happy when we are poor and rich; we are both cold and hot.

Youzi comes to Gaotao; Dali comes to prison.

Assist Yu to level the waters; to the east flow nine rivers.

When Shun fell, Yu was established;

Bo Yi came to succeed the government; Yu Zi came to Yingliu.

When Yu collapses, he will be mourned; when the virtuous people benefit, they will be restored.

Return to the fields to cultivate the Yingshui River; use virtue to serve the summer.

The end of summer comes when Jie and lust come; when soup and soldiers come, business flourishes.

The concubine Da comes to the merchants; she goes to the Muye to fight.

The Yi Qi tribe fled, and Wen Shu came to the Zhou Dynasty.

The princes dominate;

The five-year-old is a gift, and the Mu is a gift of a horse.

The king of You comes to play the concubine; the capital of Zhou comes to move eastward.

The Spring and Autumn period was disordered; the princes were in dispute.

The Duke of Zhuang was defeated by Zheng; the fortune of the family began to decline.

The Empress Mu is a talented person; she expresses her sorrows when she is galloping.

The Duke of Xi is bound in front of him; he carries his ancestors on his back and surrenders to Chu.

The Duke of Zhao comes to ally with the guards; the Duke of Ling comes to guard the Jing.

When I mourn the Duke, I send him off; when my son stops, he kills the king.

If Duke Yuan is powerless, then the country will collapse.

The clan members are scattered in all directions; the family lineage is scattered in all directions.

The ministers of Chu are here to do business; after plowing, there is food.

In the Western Han Dynasty, Shu Zhong; Shu Wen and Jie Zi.

The Wei Dynasty comes to Zhongkang; the military formation comes to Xiliang.

In the middle of Jin Dynasty, Ji Yi is here, and his nature is filial piety.

The Tang Dynasty was prosperous and dark; the distant night was clear and peaceful.

In the two Song dynasties, we know what we can do; in dialectics, we have typhoid fever.

At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, the people came to invade; during the Wei Dynasty, they came to fight against the Di.

At the beginning of the year, Wu Yi comes; to drive back Di, return to summer.

The Manchu Dynasty came to Yintai, and he wrote the genealogy to his ancestors.

In the Republic of China, wisdom was worshipped; in the Republic of China, wisdom was promoted; the emperor was allowed to live in harmony.

Xinhua hopes to make friends; resistance to Japan brings peace to the people.

Thousands of years come and go; according to legend, the ages come.

My descendants are spread over five continents; my descendants are spread over seventy thousand.

The family lineage is flowing; the flow is endless.

Rejuvenation comes to the family business; ancestors come to hope.

Xu is formed by the two characters "yan" and "wu". Speakers can be divided into those who speak son and those who speak Wu. Those who speak are secret; those who speak falsely are also false. Those who speak Wu are those who speak the truth; those who speak the truth are also those who speak the truth. Therefore, those who are descendants of the Xu family should take "speaking clearly", "telling the truth", "not being false" and "not hiding" as their foundation. Today, I am not talented, so I am writing in my leisure time to record the five thousand years of history of my Xu family to inform my ancestors and to show to future generations.