Guan Hanqing (around 1230- 1307) was born in Dadu (present-day Beijing) and used to be Yin in a big hospital. The most famous zaju writers in Yuan Dynasty include more than 60 zaju such as Dou Eyuan, Saving the Wind and Dust, Moon Pavilion, etc. , more than 40 poems, 10 episodes.
1, four pieces of jade in Nanlu
Sorrow of separation
Since farewell, it is difficult to give up, when can I lose a little acacia? Brush Yang Huaxue with diaphragm sleeve. The stream is inclined, the mountain is covered, and people go.
This song is about lovesickness between men and women. The content is general, but the expression is very distinctive. For example, language and creation seem to come from ancient poetry, but they leave no trace. They are indeed their own creations. There are many rhyming short sentences, which make people feel imposing and lasting.
2. Lu Nan's four jade pieces
leisurely and comfortable
Relax, lock your heart and jump out of the world of mortals. Who broke Huaiyin's afternoon dream? Leave vanity fair, enter the comfort zone, and enjoy yourself.
Guan Hanqing's Leisure consists of four poems, which reflects his deep sense of seclusion and his ambition to live a leisurely life and get rid of vanity fair. This is the third poem. The poet's reason and determination to jump out of the world of mortals are manifested in two aspects: the storm of life is sinister, and Conan, who dreamed of prosperity.
3. Lu Nan's four jade pieces
leisurely and comfortable
Farming nanmu, lying in Dongshan, has many human experiences. I thought about it: he is a saint and I am a fool. What are you fighting for?
The four poems in Leisure all express the poet's recluse ambition, and this is the fourth poem, which mainly describes the author's depressed recluse mood from the perspective of the cold world and the inversion of the virtuous and the foolish, and is a tortuous reflection of the social reality in the Yuan Dynasty. The whole song expresses the mind, writes the character, and also pours out the resentment against reality.
4, double tone, intoxicated with the east wind
Looking at the sky from a distance, the moon lacks flowers and flies in a flash. Holding a farewell cup, my eyes are full of parting tears. Just saying "take care and rest" makes people reluctant to part with the pain. "Look forward to the future, Wan Li!"
Lin Yuling, a poet in Song Dynasty, is a masterpiece of expressing feelings of parting. However, predecessors commented that because of Guan Hanqing's poem, Liu Ci "cannot be superior to the former" (Liang Yizhen's A Brief History of Sanqu in Yuan and Ming Dynasties). Indeed, in the whole process of artistic reappearance of Farewell, Guan Qu expressed the heroine's farewell feelings vividly and sincerely with the uniqueness of Sanqu. In the use of language, there are symbolic epigrams of "the moon is short and flowers fly", and there are also written in vernacular Chinese and even dialogue, which shows the author's profound skill in using literary language.
5. Double-tone Dade Song
spring
Zi Gui cried, "It's better to go home", saying that those who haven't returned from the Spring Festival languish for a few days. Wandering in the air in Liu, there was no news of the fish and geese in spring, and Shuang Yan was fighting for mud.
Guan Hanqing wrote ten songs of great virtue, and Huang Pilie supplemented four of them with the theme of spring, summer, autumn and winter, which is generally interpreted as writing about the lovesick feelings of young women in boudoir in the four seasons. But if this song is independent, it can also be understood as writing about the homesickness of wanderers.
6. A flower in Lunan
Bufrau
[A flower] Climbs out of the wall, blooms and breaks into branches. Flowers climb red and tender, willows fold green and soft. It's romantic for the prodigal son to return. With the help of my hand, I was defeated by flowers. Half a lifetime is to break the willow and climb the flower, and a lifetime is to lie on the willow.
[Liangzhou No.7] I am the leader of all husbands in the world and the leader of the prodigal son in the world. May Zhu Yan remain the same, spend time in flowers and forget her troubles in wine. Divide tea into bamboo, beat horses and hide lots, and be familiar with the five tones and six methods. I'm worried! Accompanied by a female silver Zheng sitting in front of the silver case, the silver Zheng leaned against the silver screen with a smile, accompanied by a jade fairy with a jade hand and a jade shoulder, accompanied by a gold hairpin full of gold cups. You said that I would take a break when I was old, which was more exquisite and transparent. I am the leader of Shuai Shuai in a colorful camp, and I used to play around the state.
[Ge Wei] Every time my son is a newborn rabbit lamb in a thatched hill and a sand nest, he suddenly walks into the paddock. I am familiar with a row of horses trampled by old pheasants covered with rope nets. After some cold arrows and iron spears, I never fell behind. I just don't know that "everything stops in middle age", how can I waste my spring and autumn?
[Tail] I am a steamed, uncooked, beaten, fried and exploded copper pea, and anyone who teaches you to dig his hoe can't get away. I played Liang Yuanyue, drank Tokyo wine, enjoyed Luoyang flowers and climbed Zhang Tailiu. I can also recite poems, seal pens, play silk and taste bamboo; I can also sing partridges and dance; Will be encircled and sealed; You can walk, you can walk in both directions. You just lost my tooth, crooked my mouth, crippled my leg, broke my hand, and gave me these bad symptoms from heaven, but you still refused to rest. Then in addition to being summoned by Yan himself, ghosts and gods came to hook themselves, and three souls returned to the underworld and seven souls were lost. Oh, my God, in the meantime, they won't go to Fireworks Road!
The famous divertimento Bufu Lao is Guan Hanqing's masterpiece. A complete set of four songs, the first one summarizes the life of the prodigal son, the second one details the romantic life, the third one says that he has more life experience than young people, and the fourth one is the most wonderful, which begins with a metaphor to tell his strong character. This divertimento has always been regarded as a portrayal of Guan Hanqing's life. In fact, more accurately, he portrayed the typical image of the lower-class literati in the Yuan Dynasty according to his own experience. The low social status of "eight prostitutes, nine scholars and ten beggars" makes "book lovers and talented people" frequent in and out of Goulan brothel. Guan Hanqing is not ashamed, but exaggerates his "prodigal life", which is another reflection of the intellectuals' thought of avoiding the world in the Yuan Dynasty and a breakthrough in the lofty ambition of traditional literati who only indulge in mountains and rivers. At the same time, he declared that "I am a copper pea that can't be steamed, boiled, boiled, fried or exploded", which showed his determination to "never take the fireworks road" until his death, and showed his stubborn character of being immortal, his strong dissatisfaction with his insulted and damaged social status and his struggle against the dark society.