1. The famous aphorism about finding the internal cause first is useless because of incompetence (Balzac). The smell of wine is not afraid of the depth of the alley, so the way to entertain guests comes. Meat doesn't stink, it won't attract flies or wild cats. Seamless stones can't make water flow. A good helmsman can amaze the eight-faced sharpshooter, not because of his good archery, but because he can aim accurately-(Tuofu) don't worry about knowing what he knows, but ask for what he knows (The Analects of Confucius), but don't respect virtue, don't be ashamed of being inconsistent with Lu, and don't be ashamed of knowing what he doesn't know-don't worry about people's ignorance and don't worry (except Korean poetry).

2. The counterexample of internal cause determining external cause The internal cause is the internal contradiction of things, and the external cause is the contradiction between things. They are both necessary and indispensable in the development of things. But their roles and status are different. Specifically:

First, the internal cause is the basis of the development of things, and it is the first reason. It is the foundation of the existence of things, and it is the inherent essence that distinguishes one thing from other things.

Second, external factors are the external conditions for the development of things and are secondary reasons. It can accelerate or delay the development of things. Changing the face of the development of things locally plays a decisive role in the realization of the development of things under certain conditions.

Third, external factors must work through content. External factors have a great influence on the development of things, and sometimes they can cause changes in the nature of things. However, no matter how big the external factors are, they should also be exerted through internal factors.

This principle is the theoretical basis for our party to formulate and implement the policy of independence, self-reliance and opening up.

Is there a famous aphorism about not being disturbed by the external environment? 1. single-minded, single-minded

Han Feizi's loyalty and filial piety: "Concentrate on the victims and be a loyal minister." The Biography of Ma Yuan in the Later Han Dynasty: "At the beginning, I sent my officials to the east, saying,' If I want to be a Han, I am willing to look at it with my feet.

If you want to, you will concentrate. Hao Ran's Sunny Day, Chapter 23: Jiao is very absorbed in his work, and there are jugglers and singers beside him. You can't disturb him.

2. refers to a single-minded heart. Tang Huixian's poem "Listening to the Broken Clothes with a pestle" says: "Let the monarch know the pestle and know my diligence."

3. Qi Xin. Biography of Historical Records of Su Qin: "If your majesty can listen to the words of the ministers, if the six countries follow their relatives and gather their strength, there will be no trouble for Qiang Qin."

How to concentrate is the key to improve the efficiency of work and study. A recent article by the University of Kent in the United Kingdom made a detailed analysis of attention.

Without concentration, we often can't concentrate, but often only when our attention is distracted, we can't finish our work efficiently or even make mistakes will we realize the existence of the problem. Distracted environment, paranoia and emotional factors can all lead to inattention.

Your mind is like a jumping monkey. Training yourself to concentrate is to tame this big monkey. Knowing the cause of your distraction makes it easy to prescribe the right medicine.

Some factors leading to inattention The causes of inattention are mainly divided into internal and external factors: external interference, noise and dialogue. Uncomfortable tables and chairs, inappropriate lighting.

Television work, housework. Internet, e-mail.

The internal causes are hunger, fatigue and illness. No motivation, boring, no interest.

Anxiety, stress and trouble. Negative thoughts.

Daydreaming. I can't control myself. I have dyslexia.

Attention and your health Your health is very important for attention. You need adequate nutrition, rest and sleep to ensure attention: a healthy and balanced diet is the most important thing. Don't eat a big meal before studying.

I'm full and don't think about it. Sudden intake of a large amount of sugar will make your blood sugar suddenly rise, and then suddenly drop, which will make you feel sleepy.

High-sugar food is suitable for physical exercise, not for mental activity. If you are greedy, you can consider fruits and dried fruits.

Drink plenty of water during mental activities, especially when you are sleepy. Coffee can sober you up, but it will also increase your anxiety. Please drink moderately.

Choose your favorite sport. Moderate exercise helps to improve concentration.

Rest on time every day. Regular rest is essential to restore attention and memory.

Regular sleep can prevent insomnia. Taking a nap is good for attention and memory.

Don't get into the habit of working and studying in bed. Your body doesn't know when to relax and when to work.

Adjust your body and improve your concentration: sit in a chair with a backrest. Make yourself comfortable, but not too comfortable.

Keep only what you need for work at hand. Don't let other things distract you.

Ensure sufficient natural light. Follow the biological clock.

If you are a night owl, arrange the most demanding work at night. Understand and observe the attention retention period.

Attention retention period may not be exactly the same every day. How to maintain concentration and form good habits? Form a good habit of concentrating on study and work at a fixed time and place.

If possible, before entering the study or work state, do some small rituals, such as posing and wearing a study hat. Just like doing warm-up activities before exercise, give the body a hint.

Be mentally prepared before studying and avoid doing anything exciting. Take a few minutes to calm your mind before studying.

Be positive and believe that you can overcome all difficulties. Take some time to plan what you want to do step by step.

Divide your work into manageable pieces and concentrate on doing one thing at a time. Stay active Take many forms to keep your brain active.

When studying, you can take notes, draw key points, ask yourself and answer questions, organize discussions, integrate and visualize concepts, and so on. Change the theme every once in a while to keep it fresh.

Having a rest after work is very helpful to restore your brain power. Especially when dealing with difficult and boring problems, you can shorten the working cycle, such as taking a break after working for 20 minutes, and so on.

Sitting for a long time after charging can lead to cerebral ischemia. Take a walk at rest, do stretching exercises and take a deep breath to get enough oxygen for your brain.

If you eat on the computer, don't forget to rest your eyes. Look at the distance and relax the eye muscles.

The secret of learning while learning is to review more. Repetition is the only way to learn.

Reward yourself when you're done. Reward yourself and relax. However, if you are a computer worker, rewarding yourself by watching TV won't do you any good.

If you are easily distracted, train yourself in the following ways, which will be effective in a few weeks. Come back here Every time you find yourself distracted, say to yourself: Come back here and slowly turn your attention back to what you are doing.

If you are distracted again, come back here and draw your attention back. Don't say "concentrate" to yourself.

If you are thinking about "concentration", your mind is not focused on what you want to do. Don't force yourself not to think about other things. If you are thinking about something, your mind will be occupied and you can't concentrate.

Tell yourself to "come back here" and let other things disappear naturally. Maybe you will find yourself repeating this sentence hundreds of times every day. It doesn't matter. Keep at it, and after a while you will find yourself more and more attentive.

Let it go. If you can't concentrate because of the external environment, then say to yourself: let nature take its course and try not to be disturbed by the environment. Don't expect it to change.

Take a deep breath naturally, and let the anxious mood exhale with your breath.

And say, come back here and distract yourself. Focus on breathing. This is a basic attention training.

It can also be used as a relaxation exercise. You can do it during the break.

Take a deep breath and exhale slowly in a comfortable way. Take another long breath and exhale slowly.

Return to your normal breathing rate. Take a moment to focus on breathing and feel the movements of exhaling and inhaling.

When exhaling, exhale the tension of the body together. If you find yourself distracted, pull your thoughts back and continue.