Famous Western literary editor

Homer

Homer, the blind poet of ancient Greece. Born in 873 BC (the year of Guichou). It is said that the ancient Greek epics "The Iliad" and "The Odyssey", which describe the Trojan War and related maritime adventure stories from the 12th to 11th centuries BC, were comprehensively compiled by him based on folk songs. According to this, he lived between the 10th and 9th or 8th centuries BC. His masterpiece "Homer's Epic" has influenced Western religion, culture and ethics for a long time.

According to legend, Homer was the author of two famous epics in ancient Greece, "The Iliad" and "The Odyssey." Ancient writers such as Herodotus in the 5th century BC, Thucydides in the later century, Plato and Aristotle in the 4th century BC, all affirmed that these two epics were the works of Homer. In addition, there are many lost ancient epics, and some people have said that they are his works, but those are probably the imitations of later generations.

There is a lost satirical poem and an extant "The War of Frogs and Rats", which are said to have been written by Homer. However, the former is only based on the words of Aristotle, while the latter has been proven to be a forgery written in the 4th century BC. There are also some hymns dedicated to the gods, which are also said to be written by Homer; in fact, they are introductions used by professional musicians who recited epic poems in ancient times, and were written by other poets in a later era.

Quotes

1． "Whoever experiences more suffering will know more."

2. Youth will pass away; love will wither; the green leaves of friendship will wither. And the hope in a mother's heart outlasts them all.

3． Human history is passed down from generation to generation, like leaves, constantly renewed.

4． Oh, youth! You are always lovable and lovable. (Youth)

5. For people, unhappiness is twice as common as happiness. (Youth)

6. Labor is the destiny of mankind. (Labor)

7. Determining a problem requires wisdom, and implementing it requires patience. (Wisdom)

Dante

Aligheili Dante. Italian poet, at the end of the 13th century, on the eve of the Italian Renaissance, a great male poet was born in Florence. He was the founder of modern Italian and one of the pioneering figures of the European Renaissance. He left his name to future generations with his long poem "The Divine Comedy". Engels commented: “The end of the feudal Middle Ages and the beginning of the modern capitalist era were marked by a great figure. This figure was the Italian Dante. He was the last poet of the Middle Ages and at the same time a leader of the new era. "The first poet."

At that time, Florence's political circles were divided into two factions, one was the Zeppelin faction, which was loyal to the Holy Roman Emperor, and the other was the Gaelphite faction, which was loyal to the pope.

After 1266, due to the strong power of the Pope, the Gaelfis won and expelled the Zeppelins. Pope Boniface VIII, who was elected in 1294 after the Gaelfis came to power, wanted to control Florence. Some wealthy citizens wanted the city's independence and were unwilling to be controlled by the Pope, so they divided into the "White Party". The other part of the population did not settle and hoped to use the Pope's help. The forces turned around and became the "black party", and the two factions fought again. Dante's family originally belonged to the Gaelfi sect. Dante passionately advocated independence and freedom, so he became the backbone of the White Party and was elected as one of the six members of the Executive Committee of the highest authority. He has a famous saying: Go your own way and let others tell you. [1]

Dante wrote a lot in his life, the most valuable of which is undoubtedly "The Divine Comedy". [2] This work reflects the achievements and some major issues in the field of medieval culture through the author's dialogues with various famous figures in hell, purgatory and heaven. It has the nature of an "encyclopedia" and can also vaguely glimpse the Renaissance. The dawn of humanistic thought during the period. In this epic of more than 14,000 lines, Dante firmly opposed the obscurantism of the Middle Ages and expressed his persistent pursuit of truth, which had a profound influence on the poetry creation of later generations in Europe.

In addition to "The Divine Comedy", Dante also wrote a collection of poems "Renaissance", a treatise on linguistic poetry "On the Sayings", a treatise on philosophy and theology "Feast" and a political treatise "On the Empire" and other works. "Rebirth" includes thirty-one lyric poems, which mainly express the attachment to Beatrice. They are simple, clear, beautiful and moving. Among the poems of the "gentle new style" poetry, it has reached the highest level. achievements.