Human nature is the attribute of human beings, and it is the particularity that distinguishes human beings from other creatures in nature, especially animals.

Humanity is the unity of natural attributes, social attributes and spiritual attributes. Among them, social attribute is the essential attribute of human beings.

(1) natural attributes (including appearance beauty, etc. );

(2) Social attributes (including virtue, good and evil, etc. );

③ Mental attributes (including IQ). ).

The essence of individual is the concrete fundamental nature and the internal relationship between concrete people (Zhang San, Li Si, etc. ) and its various attributes.

Virtue is the concentrated expression of individual essence; In other words, the most important criterion to identify the essence of an individual is moral quality. What is the most favorite question most children ask when watching movies? -"Is he (she) a good person or a bad person?"

On the essence of human beings, Marx famously said: "The essence of human beings is not an abstract thing inherent in a single person. In reality, it is the sum of all social relations. " Many scholars misinterpret this famous saying as: "The essence of human beings is determined by social relations."

Second, the evaluation of the theory of human nature hypothesis

1. In the history of China, there was a debate between human nature and inherent vice, and both views were wrong.

It is difficult to explain why children will do bad things when they grow up.

It is difficult to explain why evil people can abandon evil and do good.

2, personal good behavior or evil behavior are acquired, not caused by innate nature.

The external causes of good deeds include family moral edification and social moral education;

The external causes of evil deeds include cultural obscenity and social institutional defects.

3. The essence of individuals, including good (good) and evil (bad), is the unity of social constraints and subjective choices.

The transformation of the last emperor Puyi into a new socialist is the common result of social transformation and personal efforts.

However, Gao Gang, a cadre in the new society, chose to commit suicide when he was criticized and educated.