Source: Biography of Qu Yuan by Sima Qian in Han Dynasty.
Excerpt from the original:
No one is ignorant, wise and virtuous. He wants to be loyal and self-reliant and help others. However, the so-called loyal ministers are heartless, and the so-called sages are heartless. Chu Huaiwang was confused and deceived, and trusted Doctor Shangguan and your son Yin in Quping. Lost soldiers killed six counties, died in Qin, and laughed for the world.
Translation:
No monarch, whether stupid or wise, wise or fatuous, does not want to seek loyal ministers to serve him or select talents to assist him. However, the destruction of the country has occurred one after another, and the number of generations of wise monarchs governing the country has not appeared. This is because the so-called loyal ministers are not unfaithful, and the so-called virtuous ministers are not virtuous.
Chu Huaiwang was confused by Zheng Xiu at home because he didn't understand the position of loyal minister, and was deceived by Yi Chang outside, alienating Qu Yuan and trusting doctors Shangguan and Ling. His army was defeated, his land was cut, he lost six counties, he was detained and died in the state of Qin, and he was laughed at by the whole world.
Extended Information This article is about Qu Yuan in Historical Records Biographies of Qu Yuan and Jia Sheng, in which the full text of Qu Yuan's Huai Sha was deleted. This is the earliest complete historical data about Qu Yuan and an important basis for studying Qu Yuan's life.
Qu Yuan was the first great patriotic poet in the history of China. He lived in Chu in the middle and late Warring States period, when the seven countries competed for hegemony, among which Qin and Chu were the strongest. Qu Yuan once played an important role in Chu's internal affairs and diplomacy. Although he was demoted and exiled, he still cared about state affairs and loved his motherland.
Finally, he resolutely threw himself into Miluo and died for his ideal. This paper eulogizes Qu Yuan's outstanding talent and persistent pursuit of ideals with strong feelings. Although his deeds are brief, his words are gloomy and depressed, and he repeatedly recites and discusses. This is a unique critical essay.
Biography of Qu Yuan is an excerpt from Biography of Qu Yuan and Jia Sheng, a biography with unique style. Historical Records is the first biographical history of China, which records the history of about 3,000 years from the legendary Yellow Emperor to the fourth year of the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. It is divided into five genres: biography, biography, book and table.
Biography is used to record the deeds of people other than the emperor. Sima Qian was relegated because Qu Yuan and Jia Yi were both writers and incompetent. Jia Yi's Qu Yuan Fu aroused his emotion, so he and Jia Yi co-wrote Qu Yuan Biography. None of the ancient books before the pre-Qin period recorded Qu Yuan's life story, and Historical Records is the earliest and most complete document that recorded Qu Yuan's life story.
Narrating Qu Yuan's life story, especially his tragic political experience, shows that Qu Yuan's life is closely related to the rise and fall of Chu State, and praises his patriotism and integrity.
The author made a biography of Qu Yuan, taking "responsibility, sparseness, lack, relocation and sinking" as the clue, and wrote around Qu Yuan's "ambition" in chronological order: the first part is to comment on Lisao and "push his ambition", and the second part highlights Qu Yuan's "caring for Chu State and cherishing the king" and "wanting to defend the monarch and rejuvenate the country, with three changes" in view of the national crisis.
About the author: Sima Qian was a great historian and writer in the Western Han Dynasty. Zi Yuechang, Zuo Fengyi, was born in xia yang (now Hancheng, Shaanxi Province), and his father Sima Tan was knowledgeable. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty acceded to the throne and talked about it as an official order. On his deathbed, in the first year of Kaifeng (1 10), Sima Qian was ordered to continue writing history books. Three years after his father's death, Sima Qian's stepfather served as Taishiling and began to read and sort out historical materials in the "Jinbian Stone Room" (National Library).
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