The word "humanity" is a popular word in academia, education and society in recent years: humanism, humanistic spirit, humanistic tradition and so on. Modern Chinese Dictionary published by Beijing Commercial Press 1993 defines "humanity" as "various cultural phenomena in human society", and I think its antonym should be "astronomy". There is a saying in Zhouyi: "Look at the change of astronomical observation time; Look at humanity and transform the world. "The word' culture' here refers to' enlightenment'. Only those excellent "cultures" that can enhance people's spirit and value can be included in the connotation of "humanity".

Then what is quality? From the perspective of physiology and psychology, quality is an inherent quality of life. Later, the concept of quality was generalized. Many people think that a knowledgeable person has quality, but in fact, quality and knowledge are very different. In my opinion, knowledge is not equal to quality. Knowledge is an external thing, a substance, a tool and a quantifiable "knowledge". Knowledge must be "internalized" into a person's cognitive noumenon and permeate into his life and behavior before it can be called quality.

Although I have not been able to take up the post of teacher, I often think about the proposition of education. There are two sentences that have given me great enlightenment. The first sentence is what Mencius said: "There is no other way to study in a university, please rest assured." The second sentence was said by the famous physicist Laue: "The important thing is not to acquire knowledge, but to develop thinking ability. Quality is forgetting what you have learned. "

The highest quality of human beings is humanistic quality, and humanistic quality education is to internalize excellent cultural achievements into personality, cultivation and temperament and become a relatively stable quality of a person through the imparting of knowledge, the edification of environment and one's own practice. It will teach a person how to be a man and how to deal with the relationship between people, people and society, and people and nature.

The core of agricultural economy is land, and the core of industrial economy is capital. Now is the era of knowledge economy, and its core element is comprehensive literacy. The requirements of agricultural economy are mainly based on experience, while industrial economy is mainly based on professional technology. The talents needed by knowledge economy must be three-dimensional talents with humanistic quality and scientific quality.

No matter what major a person is, he can only be called a "cultural person" if he has the corresponding humanistic quality. I don't like the word "intellectual". "Intellectuals" is an expression that I am very angry about. The word "intellectual" is very interesting in itself. In China, most people who are called "molecules" are not good people, but "terrorists", "counter-revolutionaries", "Rightists" or, more simply, "bad elements". On the other hand, they are particularly embarrassed. Have you heard of "revolutionaries" and "advanced elements"? As for "good molecules", there are some grammars that Chinese does not have. How to contact "knowledge" and connect with "molecules"? Does it mean anything from the beginning? We often have misunderstandings or prejudices about intellectuals, because we don't see many real intellectuals.

First of all, the knowledge of an educated person is not measured by the number of books read and the level of education. There are many ordinary people who study thousands of books. A scholar should be the kind of person who studies hard. The knowledge they read does not stay in words and expressions, but penetrates into their bones. When knowledge surges all over the body like a warm current, his life and work will have a style. When we get close to real intellectuals, they will be ordinary and ordinary, but there will be unspeakable differences. Even if they are doing a very vulgar thing, their gestures will stand out from the crowd.

In addition, a truly literate person can grasp the measure and scale, never be humble when he is proud, never be silent when he expresses himself, be at ease and never be artificial.

Some people say that the future era is the atomic age, while others say that books are the electronic age. Suhomlinski, a great educator in the former Soviet Union, taught for decades and later became a principal. Many of his views were attacked. In the middle of last century, he said that predicting the future era was "the era of people".

Someone once asked me, what's the use of reading A Dream of Red Mansions? I really can't answer, but I can tell you that people who have read A Dream of Red Mansions are different from those who haven't. To say that a person is smart, it is hard to say whether he is smart in studying mathematics or writing articles. Some people learn new technology and knowledge in three days, some people learn it in three months, and some people will never learn it in a lifetime. This is the difference in quality.

So, what kind of influence will humanistic literacy have on a person's life?

First of all, it can help a person to improve his education and cultivate his sentiment.

"Learning is not equal to learning", which was a famous saying of Professor Xu Deren, a respected Chinese Department, when I was in college.

The broader a person's humanistic background, the broader his vision, the stronger his integration ability and creativity, and the more likely he is to enter the forefront of the discipline and make achievements.

I often hear some sayings, such as those who study science are more rigid and rigorous, and those who study literature are more romantic and avant-garde. In fact, this statement is not appropriate. From 65438 to 0948, Mr. Liang Sicheng, the founder of China architecture and the son of Liang Qichao, gave a speech in Tsinghua University, entitled "Half-Man Age", which talked about the one-sided problem of talents caused by the separation of arts and sciences. He believes that the separation of arts and sciences will lead to the emergence of two kinds of deformed people-"hollow people" who only know technology and have pale souls, and "marginal people" who only talk about humanities but don't know technology. Now it seems that Mr. Liang is really prescient!

Scientific thinking and artistic thinking do have different aspects, but they are not antagonistic and incompatible. On the contrary, they promote and inspire each other! I once heard a scholar say that when all disciplines and fields reach the peak, they will be found to be integrated. Whether writers, artists, musicians, scientists, mathematicians or medical scientists ... when they stand at the peak of their respective fields, they will smile at each other and embrace each other warmly. It turns out that their realm is so close.

China's first violin piece was written by Li Siguang instead of Ma Sicong. As we all know, Li Siguang studied geology and engaged in architecture in his early years. Liang Sicheng studied architecture, but his academic papers are almost beautiful essays. We can find that if a person is confined to his own research topic and ignores the knowledge in any other field, it is difficult for him to make great achievements in his own field!

University is the best time to broaden your horizons. Only with a broad vision can we stand high and see far. Science and engineering can help us master technology and train meticulous and realistic thinking quality, while humanities can help us train the width, height and depth of understanding problems, and can help a person develop a heroic mind of "judging the beauty of heaven and earth and analyzing the principles of everything".

Secondly, humanistic knowledge can improve a person's non-intelligence factors.

Non-intelligence factors play an important role in one's success, and improving non-intelligence quality is closely related to one's humanistic education and edification. In a sense, improving humanistic quality is to improve a person's non-intellectual quality.

Everyone may have realized or will realize such a phenomenon: many students who have achieved excellent results in school are not outstanding after entering the society, and some even "disappeared from everyone." Many surveys also show that the correlation between career success and academic performance in school is not as great as expected. As far as success and success are concerned, non-intelligence factors are usually much more important than intelligence factors under roughly the same environment and conditions. Of course, I'm not saying that you don't study hard and don't take the postgraduate entrance examination.

Dale Carnegie, an American adult educator, conducted a survey on a group of successful people in politics, military, entertainment and academia. It is found that only 15% of a person's career success is due to his professional and technical level, while the other 85% depends on his personality charm and social skills. Daniel Gorman, a famous brain science expert at Harvard University, wrote a monograph on emotional intelligence, which is expensive and popular all over the world. When this book was translated into Chinese, the author specially wrote a preface for China readers. In the preface, he summarized EQ as five points: ① improving self-awareness; (2) control the emotional low tide; ③ Maintain an optimistic attitude; ④ Self-motivation; ⑤ Enhance empathy and compassion. He further summarized these five points into two points: the ability of self-management and the ability to adjust interpersonal relationships.

Life is really like an examination room, but life is different from the examination room after all. In addition to business skills and work ability, there are many important things that determine a person's fate, such as habits and personality. Heraclitus said: "Character determines fate", and there is a classic parallelism sentence in psychology-"Sow an action and reap a habit; Sow a habit and reap a character; Sow a character and reap a destiny. " The formation of these non-intelligence factors largely depends on the construction and cultivation of humanistic knowledge.

Besides, it can teach a person how to face people and the world. (omitted)

Second, how to cultivate one's own humanistic spirit.

Since humanistic quality is so important, how can we cultivate our own humanistic quality?

1, to have a good "academic ecological environment".

The term "academic ecological environment" was put forward by Professor Yang Shuzi, an academician of China Academy of Sciences and former president of Huazhong University of Science and Technology. A good natural environment in universities is important, but a good academic ecological environment is particularly important. Establishing a good academic ecological environment will benefit everyone in it, but it is also a huge project that requires the participation of the whole people.

What a school classroom teaches a person is knowledge and technology, and school culture will improve a person's quality as a whole. The former teaches us how to survive after leaving campus, while the latter teaches us how to live and live a good life. Relatively speaking, the latter is more important and more difficult.

What I admire most now is the students at school, and what I miss most is the past years. If I had to start all over again, I would definitely live a different life. I wonder what the students here are thinking now. I remember that many of my classmates and schoolmates were sad that they were not admitted to key universities in other provinces. Many of them have been in a daze all day and have a bad attitude. By the year of graduation, they can't wait to leave campus and join the society. Now, I want to give you a real advice: you must seize every bit in school to enrich your education, enrich your experience, perfect your personality, practice your will, and don't be confused by temporary emotions and emotions.

Life is like this sometimes. Some people find that they left the love of their lives after you left. In some places, they found that they left a happy place in their lives after you left. So, if you can return your dreams from the ethereal sky to the solid earth, if you can return your thoughts from the distant land to your hometown, and if you can persevere in the field of life, you will find that one day you will become an outstanding talent in this society, and our school has become a famous school in Sanjin and even China!

At that time, the National Southwest Associated University was far from the conditions for running a school, and it may drift again at any time. The rice they ate was full of sand, and the plane bombed it. In this environment, the National The National SouthWest Associated University has been running for 8 years and has graduated about 5,000 students. Among these 5,000 students, they have made great contributions to the development of China and even mankind. There are many scientists who won the Nobel Prize.

Speaking of my life and study in college, I want to say a few more words. After entering the society, many students are indignant and feel that the employment conditions, work treatment or personal development are not satisfactory. Many people attribute it to society, the times and the government. Today, many students think that once they get into college, they will get on the Noah's Ark of life and reach the other shore safely. They think that with a college diploma, they can settle down and live and work in peace and contentment for life with the knowledge they have learned in college. Actually, it doesn't work. In fact, the significance of learning lies not only in the knowledge learned, but also in the spirit, habit and ability of learning. Life is not a 100-meter sprint, but a long-distance running, which needs to be kept running. Don't be afraid to fall behind in the 100-meter dash, as long as you don't fall behind in the sprint, you are successful! Just like a person walking on a gambling table, people don't care how much money he brought when he came, or when he won or lost, but only how many chips he took when he left the casino.

2. Broaden your horizons and fully accept the humanistic knowledge of literature, history and philosophy.

The humanities field is very broad, including history, philosophy, literature, psychology, economics, sociology, law and so on, but today I only talk about literature, history and philosophy.

▲ Literature-Understanding a Different World

What role does understanding and approaching literature have for us to form a correct value judgment?

I never thought that "the article is a great cause of the country and an immortal event." When I was a student, I thought it was the art of expressing and discovering the soul and the world with beautiful words. Therefore, being close to literature should not be a major of Chinese department, but the pursuit of all those who inherit the truth, yearn for beauty and pursue beauty. Today, however, I want to use another expression-"Literature can make the invisible be seen."

If there is a lake and there is a row of poplars on the shore of the lake, this row of poplars is of course a physical world, which is what we usually call the real world, but there is actually another world, and we don't even notice its existence. Poplar trees at the water's edge are bound to cast their own reflection in the lake, which is illusory and impermanent. But can you say that only the poplars on the shore or the poplars in the water are the only ones? But in life, we usually only live in a reality, that is, the level of poplar trees on the shore, which can be touched by hands and seen by eyes, and often ignore the ever-changing level in the water, which is directly observed by our hearts.

There is a novel that everyone must be very familiar with-Mo Bosang's "Necklace", which shows us the miserable life of the bottom nobody and the disadvantaged class, thus arousing our deep sympathy. However, our teacher didn't educate us like this. The teacher said it was bourgeois vanity and hedonism. In this way, the heroine simply deserves bad luck. But let's think again, who doesn't have vanity? Why is vanity despised by us? A poor woman has to work hard for many years for a necklace. We can't understand the plight of the little people, let alone the sadness of the socially disadvantaged groups being teased by fate. On the contrary, even the minimum sympathy has been lost. How pathetic! The novel is not to reflect the cruelty of the world and the meanness of people's hearts, but to tell us how elusive fate is, how fragile people are, and how kind and upright people are.

Most of the people present here will be Chinese teachers in primary and secondary schools in the future, with great responsibilities! You should not only teach some written knowledge or skills to cope with the exam, but also build the soul or personality of others, thus affecting their future or destiny. What you taught him was not the pronunciation of a word, the writing of a word, an abstract grammatical structure and a composition skill, but a kind of values and a perspective of understanding the world.

▲ Philosophy-the star that guides the path of life

What is philosophy? Why study philosophy?

The life situation of each of us is often like a maze, full of confusion and hesitation. No one can tell us where the way out is. If we can understand the constellations all over the sky, when we can't find the direction in the complicated maze, we won't be confused by the obstacles in front of us and finally get out of the maze of life. In fact, philosophy is the star that guides the maze of our lives. With it, even if we are at a loss, we won't be lost for long.

Here, I want to insert a topic of reading. There is a proverb in English called "You are what you read". Books will have a subtle influence on a person's mind, so you must be careful when choosing books. And many of us, even liberal arts students, don't want to read some theoretical or abstract books, but just like to read some stories or lyrical novels or essays. Reading magazines is also very popular, very popular. I have absolutely no intention of criticizing these books, but you might as well read Reading and Tianya after reading Readers, Youth Digest and Yilin.

One should try to liberate one's taste from the entertainment level. Of course, no one can completely remove the entertainment factor, but this proportion should not be too large. Only in this way can one calm down to study problems and gain wisdom and wit. Sometimes one should even deliberately find some boring books to read and exercise one's resilience and patience. It may take a long time to read such a book, and when one day he is read, he will gain a lot. When I was in college, I recommended Zhang Chengzhi's "Golden Ranch" and "History of Mind" to many students, but only one person finished reading it, and the rest read at most 30 pages. More people want to see Yu's "cultural journey" or Li Ao's outspoken speech.

When I say boring books, I mean books that are difficult to understand, such as books on philosophy, psychology, history, economics and sociology. Even literature, there are books on literary theory and literary criticism! Besides, it is necessary for us to read some academic works carefully. A real scholar's book is very rigorous, and he has a scientific, thorough and simple spirit. He will not only teach us knowledge, but also teach us the methods and attitudes of doing research for others. Every time I read such an academic work, I will always be deeply moved.

With the development of science and technology and the rise of market economy, printing waste is increasing. Facing the wave of typesetting, every reader will be at a loss. At such times, choice becomes a big problem. Finding a good book to read is simply panning for gold in the sand. Looking back on the books we read in a year, some are books that we really like and admire, and some are books that can stand the criticism of time and mind.

Personally, I think that 90% of the books in the bookstore can be thrown away, and 10% is the really good book. So it's easy to spend your life in miscellaneous printed matter. In this way, you can study hard. Unfortunately, this kind of diligence is not only meaningless killing, but also erosion. Dealing with some inferior books for a long time will develop a bad reading hobby and get used to accepting mediocre things. As a person, especially a person with higher education, this is very dangerous, because it is the beginning of mediocrity.

Generally speaking, the more qualified a person is, the more critical he is about reading. In the limited time, he always reads the best. In life, few people have this kind of stunt. So there are many people who study, but not many people can really benefit from reading. Who can find the best things in the vast sea of books, who can constantly gain real knowledge and experience, who can have a unique and scientific judgment on life and society, who will become the winner of life.

▲ History-the whole process of knowing things

In terms of literature, history and philosophy, I finally talked about history because I have a special liking for this subject. The influence of history on value judgment is like what people often say, "the past is not forgotten, but I want to explain it in another way."

A friend of mine works in a remote border. Once he gave me a small box with a handful of hay in it, which was very ugly. He said in the attached letter that this plant is wonderful. Don't look at it as a handful of hay, but if you soak it in water for three weeks, it will come back to life and produce beautiful flowers in ten days.

I did it. I put a basin of clean water in it and go to have a look before and after work every day. In the first week, there was almost no change; The next week, I saw it gradually spread out and turned a little green. By the third week, the pile of dry weeds had completely turned into loose green, giving off a damp smell. Later, about half a month later, it really opened a white flower, "it looks beautiful." I put it on the windowsill outside me, listened to beautiful music, moved a chair and sat there quietly enjoying it. My landlord and neighbors asked me what was going on, and I pointed it out to them, but they looked at me in surprise. I always felt that they must think something was wrong with me.

Yes! In their eyes, it is a pile of weeds. How beautiful can grass be? A pile of weeds in a flowerpot is not as beautiful as a carnation in a vase anyway! What I want to say is that what they see is the phenomenon itself, which is isolated at that moment, while what I see is the phenomenon and the dribs and drabs of the past and process behind it. So this thing is earth-shattering beauty in my value judgment. It is a kind of stretching and opening after crossing time and space. I can read it and like it for only one reason: I know where it started and how it came from. Knowing this starting point and understanding this process is a far cry from the value judgment of my landlord, old lady and neighbors.

There is no need to talk about those grand truths and theories. This story is enough. For any thing, phenomenon, problem, person or event, if you don't know its past, how can you understand what its present represents? How can we judge its future if we don't understand its present?

Knowing the history and the way of thinking of history, you won't just agree or criticize something. You give me a thing, an event, a phenomenon, and I want to know the position of this event in a larger horizontal and vertical coordinate system. I'm sorry that I dare not judge this matter without knowing the abscissa and ordinate.

Knowing this, I am afraid that at least 60% of the so-called knowledge and truth provided by the news media in our country's education and society are false or half-true.

Nowadays, people often complain with indignation that the world is going from bad to worse, and people are not old. What is the past, what is the present, what is China and what is foreign. If you really study Chinese and foreign history, you will find many things you don't understand, and many surprises are not surprising. You will also find that this society has changed only the skin, but not the root.

About four years ago, I accepted two very great views of history at the same time. One is Croce's-"All history is contemporary history"; The other is collingwood in Britain-"All history is the history of the soul". Under the guidance of these two viewpoints, I have greatly improved my judgment and grasp of many people and things in my life. Now, I always think about many things that happen to others and myself thoroughly, and then judge and understand. The knowledge and theory of a subject are not used to recite, to scare people, or to write on paper casually. Should be integrated into a person's way of thinking, work habits, and even personality characteristics. Knowledge is meaningful only when it changes and guides people, otherwise, its role will be greatly reduced.

We can't know all the roads that our predecessors have taken, but we know something about the past, at least it's a pursuit. Many students here are Chinese department students. I want to give you a sentence that Eliot said when talking about personal talent and tradition-"Everyone's creation must be judged in the pedigree of literature to be meaningful. Bloodline is history. " Generally speaking, Dana said the same thing in his artistic philosophy. ..

To sum up, literature allows you to see the reflection of poplar in the water; Philosophy can help you find the stars in the sky when you are lost; History will let you know that a pile of hay and beautiful flowers have their own starting points, and no phenomenon in the world exists in isolation.

In dealing with people, literature can teach you how to touch others; Philosophy will teach you how to explain how people are moved and moved; And history will teach you to remember these beautiful feelings and feelings in the world. Even in our love life, literary kung fu can make you write touching love letters and tell love stories of people; Philosophy can teach you to make the right judgment and choose the right path when you are in love or lovelorn. History will make you remember the road you have traveled, understand how you and your love gained and lost, and then cherish every past, today and future.

Finally, I wish you all academic progress, love success and open life success!

In front of our alma mater, we are already passing by in a hurry; My alma mater is bound to change with each passing day and last forever.