-Appreciation of Lu Xun's Autumn Night
Liu
When Lu Xun wrote this article, it was the time when the group of "New Youth" dispersed, some were promoted, some retired, and some were advancing. He "once again experienced the same partner in the same war, and he felt depressed and lonely, as if" walking around in the desert "(preface). Under the rule of Beiyang warlords, Beijing was shrouded in darkness. However, Lu Xun did not feel depressed because of this, but continued to fight stubbornly against the dark society with pen as a weapon.
This is an implicit and meaningful essay. By describing all kinds of scenery in the cold autumn night, it shows the author's lonely, depressed and angry mood at that time and embodies the spirit of uncompromising struggle with evil forces. This paper describes some distinctive and symbolic things in Autumn Night, and profound and implicit emotional clues run through the description of the scenery. In writing, it starts from the "I" point of view.
Write in the backyard: "... there are two trees outside the wall, one is jujube and the other is jujube." Why repeatedly point out jujube trees? It has always been controversial. Probably to show the position of jujube tree in the author's mind, and to show that the author highlights the image of jujube tree in various scenery. In addition, the author may want to show a little humor in the language. These words can be regarded as literary eyes, just like "My heart is quite uneasy these days" in Moonlight on the Lotus Pond, because they are the starting point of writing "I" and the key to understanding the meaning of writing scenery and the author's thoughts and feelings.
Write the night sky: it is strange and high, very blue, with the cold eyes of the stars and thinks it is of great significance. It brings frost to the earth. Its characteristics are: lofty, indifferent and insidious. It symbolizes the dark forces, or the dark society.
Write a pink flower: it is a nameless flower, extremely small and red with cold, but it still dreams of spring. Its characteristics are: weakness, victimization, innocence and blind optimism. It symbolizes the simple and kind oppressed and vulnerable people in society.
Write about jujube trees, the night sky and the moon: jujube trees see farther and think farther than pink flowers; It was bare and bruised all over, but it still stung the sky and the moon in despair. Its characteristics are: sober, sinking, lonely, bitter, strong and unyielding. It symbolizes a fighter who would rather die than fight the dark society to the end. The image of the night sky has changed here, "uneasy" and "avoiding jujube trees", exposing the other side of bully is always coward. The moon was also stung by jujube trees, "white with embarrassment" and "secretly hiding from the east". Originally as proud as the night sky, now it is more fragile than the night sky.
The evil bird that writes about nocturnal: It makes strange and terrible noises and disturbs the peace of the night. Its characteristics are: terror and isolation. What it symbolizes has always been controversial; There are many views that symbolize lonely fighters who destroy the dark ruling order.
The above is a description of the backyard scenery, followed by a description of the indoor scenery. Mainly describes small caterpillars. It hit the glass window, escaped to the light and fell into the fire. Its characteristics are: cowardice, recklessness, loveliness and pity. It symbolizes that naive people have gone to the light, but they have made unnecessary sacrifices.
In addition, the full text also describes the "I" which is hidden from time to time and runs through the whole article. This is a clue figure, a lonely and resentful explorer image. On the surface, there are scenes everywhere, but in fact, there are "I" everywhere, describing the scenery in my eyes and expressing my impression.
In my eyes, jujube tree is the scene that impressed him the most. "One is jujube, the other is jujube tree", which feels monotonous and vaguely reflects his inner loneliness. The night sky is cold, sinister and vicious, and at the same time it is bluffing and overbearing. "I" is suggesting to the reader that the night sky is the general representative of the evil forces that harm creatures, and he has feelings of disgust and hatred for it; In the eyes of "I", Xiao Fenhua is still dreaming when her death is approaching, and "I" can feel her sympathy and pity; Regardless of their own pain and danger, Zizyphus jujuba firmly fought against the dark and cold night sky and finally won. I respect him. Some people say that it is the externalization of the author's personality and the theory of "bosom friend"; The little caterpillar chased the light, but accidentally threw away its own light. I pity, sympathize with and admire it.
As for the external image of "I", it appeared at the beginning. When observing the outdoor scenery, it vaguely revealed a lonely image of heavy heart and resentment; After turning indoors, my mood began to relax. Finally, "I yawned, lit a cigarette, blew a cigarette, and silently paid tribute to these young and exquisite heroes in front of the lamp", and no longer expressed my "tribute" to show my attitude. In the dim light background, the image of a lonely thinker is vividly on the paper.
This paper uses personification to write landscape images, endowing things with human appearance, behavior, personality, temperament, thoughts and feelings, but it does not violate the logic of things themselves. Such as writing the night sky, the stars are cold-eyed, "there is a smile in the quarrel"; Write a small pink flower, "Dream with Fear" and "Dream of a thin poet wiping tears on her last petal"; When writing jujube trees, the bare branches "stretch comfortably", so we should concentrate on the powerful night sky and the moon, and at the same time have telepathy for the weak little pink flower and know what she is dreaming; It is not so much my observation as my imagination to write that the bug "gasps on the paper cover of the lamp". These scenes were all seen when I was hallucinating, but they were closely related to the scenery and their respective characteristics, such as "a smile appeared on the street corner". Why is there a corner in the sky? At first glance, I don't know what it means, as if I saw the moon (suspected first quarter moon).
The autumn night scenery written in this article seems scattered and difficult to grasp, but because of the emotional clues, the scattered scenery is organically integrated. There are also clever transitions in writing. The first paragraph points out the jujube tree, and the second paragraph describes the night sky above the jujube tree; At the end of the second paragraph, it is said that the night sky will sprinkle frost on wild flowers and plants, so the third paragraph has a description of pink flowers. Writing about the evil birds at night is the transition from outdoor to indoor. First, write back to the room and turn on the light, so there is a small caterpillar flying the light; When you write about a little caterpillar, you will have a feeling of "offering a cup". This transition is natural, smooth and compact. Generally speaking, the author expresses his thoughts and feelings implicitly, but on reflection, the clues and levels are still very clear.
Autumn Night is the first volume of Selected Readings of Literary Works, a Chinese experimental textbook published by People's Education Publishing House (version 1998).