Celebrity Cases

1. At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Fan Li helped King Gou Jian of Yue achieve hegemony and then decisively gave up his glory and wealth and went into business, eventually becoming a successful entrepreneur. But his close comrade Wen Zhong was reluctant to give up, which eventually led to his death.

2. Do not indulge in pillow mats

The ancient Chinese writer Sima Guang used a log as a pillow to wake himself up and continue writing. He also named it " Alarm Pillow". The famous Russian poet Mayakovsky often used large pieces of chopped wood as a pillow to prevent himself from sleeping for too long. The inventor Edison often stayed up for days and nights while working. When he was really sleepy, he piled up the books on his desk to use as a pillow.

Chewing the wall to steal light and reading in the shadow of the moon

The Western Han Dynasty scholar Kuang Heng was poor but eager to learn. There was no light at night, so he cut a hole in the wall so that he could read by candlelight from a neighbor's house. During the Southern Qi Dynasty, Jiang Bi came from a poor family. He made shoes during the day and could only find time to study at night. Unable to light a lamp, he took his book to the roof and read by the moonlight.

3. Don’t underestimate recitation

Recitation is an important learning method. China has always had a philosophy of “enriching knowledge and strengthening knowledge” in scholarship. Liang Qichao explained the "Public Security Policy" with more than 7,000 words to his students. He talked and memorized it without reading. In order to recite an article, Mr. Lu Xun not only read it aloud, but also copied it by hand to deepen his impression.

4. There are only three days in a life

When students on the Hawaiian Island in the United States attend class, they always recite a prayer: There are only three days in a person's life: yesterday, today and tomorrow. . Yesterday is gone and will never return. I am with you today, but it will be gone soon. Tomorrow is coming and going. Hurry up, you only have three days in your life.

5. "Song of Tomorrow" and "Song of Today"

Qian Fu in the Ming Dynasty wrote a "Song of Tomorrow", the content is: Tomorrow comes tomorrow, there are so many tomorrows! Every day Wait until tomorrow and everything will be in vain. Everyone in the world is tired of tomorrow, and tomorrow will be endless. The rolling water flows eastward at dawn and dusk, and the sun falls westward in ancient and modern times. How many tomorrows can there be in a hundred years? Please listen to my "Song of Tomorrow".

Wenjia of the Ming Dynasty wrote another "Today's Song", the content of which is: Today is today again, today is so little! Today is not true, when will this happen? How many hundreds of years in life are today, today is not true? pity. If Yangu waits for the arrival of the Ming Dynasty, there will be Ming Dynasty affairs in the Ming Dynasty. I will compose "Today's Poems" for you. Please start working hard today.

Achievements are gained with time

It took Sima Qian 18 years to write "Historical Records"; it took Zuo Si 10 years to write "Sandu Fu": Li Shizhen spent 10 years writing "Compendium of Materia Medica". It took 30 years for Copernicus to write "On the Movement of the Celestial Spheres"; it took Darwin 22 years to write "On the Origin of Species": it took Milton 21 years to write "Paradise Lost": the great Marx took 21 years to write "Das Kapital" 》It took a total of 40 years.

6. Drops of water penetrate rocks

A drop of water dripping from a rock may seem insignificant, but if it drips over time, it can cause miracles. There are many spectacular stalactites in the caves in Guilin that are as long as stone pillars. They are formed by the accumulation of water dripping from rocks over tens of thousands of years.

7. The walking "blackboard"

The physicist Ampère was walking on the street one evening. Suddenly, he thought of a topic in his mind and walked towards the "blackboard" in front of him. Go, take out the chalk tip from your pocket, and start calculating on the "blackboard". However, the "blackboard" suddenly moved, and Ampere had not finished his calculation problem. He unknowingly followed behind the "blackboard" to calculate. The "blackboard" moved faster and faster, and Ampere felt that he couldn't catch up. At this time, he saw people on the street laughing at him, and he discovered that the moving "blackboard" turned out to be a black carriage carriage. back.

8. Newton forgot to eat

The great British physicist Newton once invited a friend to his home for dinner. The meal was ready, but before the friend arrived, he went into the laboratory to concentrate on Went to do experiments. After the friend arrived, he couldn't find Newton. Because he was anxious to go to work, he ate the meal alone, put the leftover chicken bones in a box, and then left. In the evening, Newton finished his experiments and prepared to eat. But when he saw the chicken bones in the box, he looked suddenly enlightened and laughed and said: "I thought I hadn't eaten yet, but it turned out that I had eaten it a long time ago."

9. Article Never tire of revising a hundred times

At all times and in all countries, there are many people who are good at revising their articles. Cao Xueqin wrote "Dream of Red Mansions" "for ten years of review, adding and deleting five times." Tolstoy wrote "War and Peace" and revised it seven times. Marx would rather burn his manuscripts than leave his unprocessed writings behind. Flaubert was a 19th-century French critical realist writer. One day, Maupassant went to consult Flaubert with a new work. He was very puzzled when he saw that each page of the manuscript on Flaubert's desk had only one line written on it, and the other nine lines were blank. Flaubert smiled and said: "This is my habit. On a ten-line manuscript paper, I only write one line, and the other nine lines are reserved for revision."

10. Cheng Menlixue

In the Northern Song Dynasty, Yang Shi admired Cheng Yi's knowledge and went to Luoyang to worship Cheng Yi as his teacher. When he went to Cheng Yi's home for advice, Cheng Yi was sitting quietly sleeping.

Yang Shi was eager to learn, but did not dare to alarm the teacher, so he stood outside the door and waited. It was snowing heavily and freezing cold. When Cheng Yi woke up, the snow had fallen a foot deep. Later, people used the phrase "Cheng Men Li Xue" to describe a student who respectfully attends the school.

11. Learning to walk in Handan

A man from Yan State heard that Zhao people had good walking posture, so he came to Handan, the capital of Zhao State, to learn to walk. As a result, he failed to learn Zhao's walking posture and even forgot the original walking method, so he had to crawl back. This story is a metaphor for blind imitation, which results in the loss of one's own inherent abilities and characteristics.

12. Wang Xizhi practiced calligraphy hard

Wang Xizhi, the great calligrapher of the Jin Dynasty in my country, practiced calligraphy hard. It is said that he "study calligraphy near the pond" in Lanting, Shaoxing, and practiced hard for 20 years. Because he often washed his brushes and inkstones in the pool, the water in the pool turned black. Once, his son Wang Xianzhi asked him the secret of writing. He pointed to the eighteen water jars at home and said: "After you finish writing in these eighteen jars, you will know the secret of writing." Wang Xianzhi really told him the secret of writing. After finishing eighteen jars of water, he really became a great calligrapher.

13. Liang Qichao’s reading method

First, reading should be divided into two categories: specialization and extensive reading. On the one hand, we must develop the habit of reading carefully, and on the other hand, we must develop the habit of reading quickly. If your mind is not careful, you will get nothing, which is equivalent to reading in vain. If your eyes are not quick, you will not have enough time and you will not be able to obtain information. Secondly, some books should be read by heart, such as valuable literary works and aphorisms that are beneficial to the body and mind. Third, take notes on reading. Because a good memory is not as good as a bad writing.

14. Pay attention to discussion

Scholars in ancient my country attached great importance to discussing knowledge with their close friends. Tao Yuanming's poem "Migration" contains the words "Fine articles are best appreciated and doubts are analyzed together". Zhang Ji also said in his poem "Sacrifice and Retreat" that when he and Han Yu were together, they "explained the past and present, and discussed the past and present." situation.” In the Jin Dynasty, Sun Sheng and Yin Jie once even forgot to eat in order to discuss an issue. As a result, "the number of people who have eaten cold food and become warm again is counted four."

15. Newton's thoughts on the falling apple

One day, when Newton was walking, a ripe apple fell from the tree and hit him on the head. This very common thing caused Newton to think deeply. He thought: Why must the apple fall to the ground? Why not fly to the sky or other places? He speculated that there is an attraction in the center of the earth, and that this attraction exists for any substance. Through research, he proposed a formula for calculating the magnitude of gravity and discovered the "law of universal gravitation."

16. Gou Jian, the king of Yue, lay down on his firewood and tasted his courage.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, Wu and Yue had been enemies for generations. Once the Yue army was defeated, King Gou Jian of Yue sued for peace from the State of Wu and agreed to King Wu's harsh request: the King of Yue went to the State of Wu to serve Wu I. Gou Jian came to the state of Wu and served the king of Wu cautiously. He was released and returned to the state three years later. In order to avenge this great hatred, he worked hard to train himself and his fighting spirit. He slept on firewood and tasted gall before eating and sleeping. He also formulated a series of plans for the restoration of the country. Within ten years, the Yue State finally became powerful and destroyed the Wu State in one fell swoop.

17. Yang Zhen's "Four Knowledges" shamed King Mi

Fan Ye's "Book of the Later Han" records: Yang Zhen was moved from the governor of Jingzhou to the prefect of Donglai, and his road passed through Changyi when he took office. The magistrate of Changyi County was Wang Mi, the most talented person in Jingzhou recommended by Yang Zhen. In order to repay the favor of the recommendation, Wang Mi went to the posthouse to meet Yang Zhen in the evening and donated ten pieces of gold. Yang Zhen waved his hand and refused. Wang Mi thought that he was afraid that people would see him and damage his reputation, so he said: "You are ignorant in the evening." Yang Zhen said angrily: "Heaven knows, earth knows, you know, I know, what is ignorance?" Throwing the gold to Wang Mi, Wang Mi retreated in shame.

181 million and 100 billion

When I read a newspaper one time, I was impressed by two figures: First, there are 1 million out-of-school children in our country every year; First, our country’s public funds for food, drink, and tourism consumption have exceeded 1 million. 100 billion, if evenly distributed among 1 million children, each child would receive an astronomical figure. But they really can't afford the tuition and fees of several hundred yuan a year. There are so many "prodigal sons" who eat up dozens of children's annual tuition fees in one meal. How can people not be "worried about the future"?

19. Comprehensive deterioration of the global environment

In 1996, the United Nations Environment Program published a report entitled "Take Action: Environmental Guidelines for You and Your Community." The report points out that the Antarctic ozone hole is growing at a rate of one U.S. land area per year, increasing ground ultraviolet radiation and increasing the incidence of skin cancer: air quality has seriously declined, and more than 100 million people around the world live in cities with polluted air: greenhouses Excessive release of gases causes global climate warming, and the United States ranks first in greenhouse gas emissions in the world; 12% of mammals and 11% of birds are on the verge of extinction, and 150 and 200 biological species disappear from the earth every 24 hours: 12 100 million people live in water-scarce cities, and 1.4 billion people lack domestic sewage discharge devices in their living environment; 20 billion tons of global surface soil are lost every year; more than 2.79 million tons of chemical pesticides are used; more than 40 kinds of fish in the world are lost due to fishing Excessive and endangered: Global forests are disappearing at a rate of 4.6 million hectares per year.

1700 There are currently only 1,700 Antarctic blue whales left in the world. Before humans began large-scale hunting activities, its population number was 23.97j-birds.

544 kilograms. Adjusting the water temperature of your electric water heater from 60 degrees Celsius to 48.8 degrees Celsius can save 544 kilograms of carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere every year.

435 A latest survey report pointed out that the populations of 435 amphibian species in the world are in sharp decline.

Humility

[Famous Quotes]

Modility comes from not knowing enough. (Hua Luogeng)

Never think that you know everything at any time. No matter how high others think of you, you must always have the courage to say to yourself: "I am a person who knows nothing." (Pavlov)

Lack of humility means lack of insight. (Franklin)

Wisdom is a gem, and if it is edged with humility, it will be more dazzling. (Golky)

[Interpretation of aphorisms]

When three people are walking together, there must be one who is my teacher.

The language comes from "The Analects of Confucius·Shuer". Meaning: If several people are walking together, one of them must be my teacher. Warn people to learn from others' strengths with an open mind to make up for their own shortcomings.

If you are full, you will suffer losses, but if you are modest, you will benefit.

The words come from "Shang Shu Dayu Mo". Meaning: Pride and complacency will lead to losses, while humility and humility will lead to benefits. It reminds us that if we want to achieve something successful, we must be humble and prudent and never be arrogant or complacent.

[Factual arguments]

Bai Juyi humbly asked for advice

According to legend, Bai Juyi, a famous poet from the Tang Dynasty in my country, always read to Bai Juyi first when he finished a poem. The shepherd boy or the old woman listens to it, and then revise it repeatedly. It is not finalized until they clap their hands and approve it. A famous poet like Bai Juyi does not despise shepherd boys and village women because of their ignorance, because he understands that true literary works must be recognized by the people, so he humbly seeks advice from the people, which makes his poetry It is easy to understand and can be passed down to future generations.

Krylov was a great Russian fable writer in the 18th century. He wrote many and good fables. Once, one of his friends praised him and said: "Your book is so well written. After one edition is sold out, it is printed again. It prints more copies than anyone else." Krylov replied: "No, it's not me. The book is well written because my books are for children. Everyone knows that children can easily break books, so there are more editions. ”

20.

[Famous Quotes]

No power is more powerful than knowledge, and those armed with knowledge are invincible. (Golky)

The whole meaning of life is to endlessly explore what is not yet known, and to constantly add more knowledge. (Zola)

People with rich knowledge and experience are more likely to generate new associations and unique insights than people with only one kind of knowledge and experience. (Taylor)

[Interpretation of aphorisms]

My life has a limit, but my knowledge has no limit.

The words come from "Zhuangzi·The Master of Health Preservation". Meaning: Human life is limited, but knowledge has no end.

If you don’t know too much, you must examine what you know.

The language comes from "Confucius' Family Sayings: The Five Etiquette Explanations". Meaning: There is no need to take too much knowledge to master, but you must check whether the knowledge you have learned is correct.

[Factual Argument] Su Dongpo's mistake One day, Su Dongpo went to visit his teacher Wang Anshi at his residence, but Wang Anshi went to the court instead. Su Dongpo saw an unfinished poem "Yong Chrysanthemum" by Wang on the table: "Last night the west wind passed through the garden, blowing down the yellow flowers and covering the ground with gold." He read it with disapproval, so he added the pen and continued: "Yellow flowers are not like spring flowers falling. Tell the poet to listen carefully." Later, when the poet was demoted to Huangzhou, he once enjoyed chrysanthemums with his friends at night. When the autumn wind suddenly picked up, he saw chrysanthemum petals falling to the ground one after another, as if the ground was covered with gold. Su Dongpo realized his ignorance.

"Dream of Red Mansions" - "Encyclopedia" The classical masterpiece (Dream of Red Mansions) involves knowledge such as politics, economy, military, medicine, psychology, music, poetry, history, geography, architecture, gardens, Customs, cooking, etc., so it is called an "encyclopedia". This shows that Cao Xueqin has a wide range of knowledge.

Jealousy

Jealousy is as harmful to the jealous as rust. Yu Tie. ——De Angelis

Lonely flowers, don’t be jealous of the dense thorns. ——Tagore

Those who are jealous of me praise me unknowingly. . ——Kahlil Gibran

[Fable]

Goat and Donkey: There was a man who kept a goat and a donkey. The owner always fed the donkey plenty of food, and the goat was very jealous. He said to the donkey, "You have to grind for a while and carry heavy goods for a while. It's very hard. It's better to pretend to be sick and fall to the ground so that you can rest." The donkey listened to the goat's advice and was bruised all over. The doctor came to treat him. The doctor said that the donkey should be cured by making a soup from the goat's heart and lungs. So the owner immediately killed the goat to treat the donkey. This story is about anyone who plans to do evil. , will reap the consequences and will have no good end - "Aesop's Fables"

[{Bible] Story]

Cain and Abel were both born to Adam and Eve. To brothers. They all offered sacrifices to God.

God favored Abel's sacrifice but did not accept Cain's gift. Cain blamed his brother and was so angry that he couldn't sleep or eat. Later, he stopped talking to his brother Abel at all. Until one day, jealous Cain lured his brother Abel into the fields and killed him. He himself was punished by God and had to run away from home and live a life of escape.

[Scientific Data]

Observational studies by psychologists have proven that people with strong jealousy are prone to heart disease and have a high mortality rate; while people with less jealousy are more susceptible to heart disease and have a higher mortality rate; , the morbidity and mortality rate of heart disease is only 1/3-1/2 of the former. In addition, symptoms such as headache, stomachache, high blood pressure, etc. It is more likely to occur in people with strong jealousy, and the therapeutic effect of drugs is also poor.

Cherish time

[Famous lines from poems]

The prime years will never come again, and it is difficult to get up again in the day; you should encourage yourself in time, and time waits for no one. (Tao Yuanming)

The lights are on at three o'clock and the rooster is on at five o'clock, it is the time for a man to make a determined decision. Black-haired people don't know how to study diligently early, and white-haired people regret studying late. (Yan Zhenqing)

So many things are always urgent; the world is changing and time is running out. Ten thousand years is too long, just seize the day. (Mao Zedong)

The deceased was like a man who never gave up day and night:

The words come from "The Analects of Confucius·Zihan". It means: Time is like running water, flowing day and night:,

A saint does not value a piece of jade, but values ??an inch of yin, which is rare and easy to lose.

The words come from "Huainanzi·Shuo Linli, I". It means: A saint does not value a jade that is full of feet, but cherishes an inch of time. This is because time is hard to get but easy to lose;;

[Factual Argument]

1 The day is divided into "three days"

The famous Russian geologist Obruchev divided each working day into "three days": "The first day" is from morning to two o'clock in the afternoon. The time is used to do the most important work; the "second day" is from 2 pm to 6 pm, doing lighter work; the "third day" is from 6 pm to 12 pm, mainly used for reading or necessary work Activity. He said that this is equivalent to extending life twice as long.

The conversation lasted only five minutes

When the revolutionary martyr Deng Zhongxia was studying at Peking University, he cherished his time very much.

At that time, some people often came to Deng Zhong to talk nonsense in the summer. As a last resort, he wrote a note of "five-minute conversation" and posted it on his desk as a reminder. As a result, not only did he gain valuable time, but also the month -Also educated people who like to chat

Come on for the high school entrance exam! I am a freshman in high school