This is an old topic, but it must be affirmed that Guo Moruo's so-called "Liu Bei's conspiracy theory" and Zhu Ziyan's "Kongming's theory of killing Guan Yu" are all empty. I always thought Guan Yu was a hero when I was a child. Even if he lost Jingzhou, it would be a pity for him. I also said that I was "harmful" to someone, and I gloated that Lv Meng was killed by Guan Yu. I applaud Pan Zhang for Guan Xing's killing Wu. As I grew older, I read more books, and later I read all kinds of comments on the Internet, but my feelings at that time were completely different.

The first thing to be denied is Liu Bei's theory about Guan Yu's murder.

There is only one reason. "Gao Zhen takes credit" is wrong. If put in the romance, Guan Yu does have that taste, but compared with the official history, Guan Yu has only two great achievements. One is to cut Yan Liang, but unfortunately he is active with Cao Cao and not with Liu Bei. Instead, it indirectly helped Liu Bei's opponent hurt his allies. Second, the seventh army was flooded, and the effect was good, capturing 30 thousand enemies. However, compared with Liu Bei's taking Yizhou and Hanzhong, it is far from it. At least Guan Yu didn't lay Xiangyang.

The second thing to deny is that Kong Ming killed Guan Yu.

There is only one reason, and "flattery by Kong Ming" is not enough to harm Guan Yu. This seems a bit ridiculous, because it gives us a conclusion that Guan Yu lost Jingzhou because his flattery is impossible. . . Why? Make Guan Yu more proud, so arrogant that he made the mistake of underestimating his enemy. Seeing this, I can only say that I am speechless. Even Guan Yu's own fault is blamed on Zhuge Liang, which is really thick and dark. Flattery itself is not greater than flattery, the question is whether the flatterer cares about himself correctly.

Does Guan Yu really know Sun Quan's so-called back alliance?

Is nothing more than an argument. Sun Quan attacked Jingzhou without informing Guan Yu and Liu Bei that we were not aligned. But is this the case in history? According to the Biography of Master Wu, "In the spring of the 22nd year of Jian 'an, Xu Xiangyi, a general, was appointed as an envoy, demanding Cao Gong to surrender, and the communique was revised, vowing to marry again. "This is because Sun Quan has been fighting Cao Cao for years, while Liu Bei is stealing, which makes Sun Quan feel unbalanced. This year, "the late master said,' If Liangzhou is needed, Jingzhou is the phase. The power of anger is to send Lv Meng to capture Changsha, Lingling and Guiyang counties. My Lord led 50,000 soldiers to the public security and sent Guan Yu to Yiyang. At that age, Tsao Gong decided to vote in Hanzhong and Zhang Lu fled to Brazil. The ancestors heard of it, and with the plenary division, they divided Jingzhou, Jiangxia, Changsha, Guiyang East, Nanjun, Lingling and Wuling West, and led the army back to Jiangzhou. "As you can see here, Sun Quan has turned his face once, so don't be too surprised to turn his face for the second time." I'm going to take Xiangjiang as the boundary, so I won't fight. ".Sun Quan cannot surrender to Cao Cao and form an alliance with Liu Bei. That is to say, in the first two years of the attack on Jingzhou, the Sun-Liu alliance was a dead letter (as to whether this alliance document exists, it is unknown and can only be speculated as a verbal commitment), which is a confused account. This fully shows that there are only eternal interests and no eternal allies in the world. The pressure of Cao Cao in the north, Liu Bei's repetition and Guan Yu's contempt led to Sun Quan's "abandonment of the alliance", which also doomed Sun Quan to take Jingzhou by surprise under the pressure of both sides. If we can win Jingzhou without bloodshed or at a small cost, it will certainly offend Liu Bei, but it will also avoid Cao Jun's pressure on the Jianghuai defense line, which really does more good than harm. What he lacks is just such an opportunity. At first, Guan Yu dared not let go of this stupid account. "After asked fan, ready to public security and south county soldiers. Obviously, I don't believe in this so-called Covenant, but Mr. Lu Xun's flattery, "take it for granted, and withdraw slightly." It is true that Guan Yu's flattery is not allowed. The question is, what is the flattery of your own family and the flattery of the enemy general?

Guan Yu's response was terrible.

Sun Quan sent messengers to Jingzhou to visit relatives and friends. The real purpose was to find out Liu Bei's attitude towards himself. At this time, the Sun-Liu Alliance still has a chance. Unfortunately, Guan Yu at this time has been carried away by the victory of Han Shu Group. From scratch, Liu Bei Group has developed to such a strong position in just ten years. That's why the famous saying "How can my tiger daughter marry your son" came into being (officially speaking, "insulting her envoy" is completely equivalent to a diplomatic provocation against Dongwu forces, and as a Dongwu party, it is entirely possible to abandon the alliance for this reason). If you go back a few years ago, Guan Yu would never dare to say this. Because of this sentence, Sun Quan completely lost the hope of peacefully recovering Jingzhou and understood his position in the eyes of Liu Bei Group. It is this sentence that Sun Quan's arrow to attack Jingzhou has been imminent.

A new alliance has been formed.

Cao Wei has lost his spirit because of repeated wars and defeats; On the other hand, Liu Bei's national strength is booming, and he has the intention of coveting Wu Dong. If he continues to sit up, his pressure on Wu will soon exceed that of Cao Wei. Cao Wei Group also regarded Liu Bei Group as the biggest threat, so one alliance inevitably collapsed and another alliance was established. This is a political game! This is a tacit understanding. Before Cao Cao could speak, "Sun Quan sent a letter to Guan Yu asking him for help."

Guan Yu's "Men are proud, soldiers are enemies"

Cao Gui has a famous saying that "small benefits are not embarrassing, and people are obedient." Guan Yu's compassionate foot soldiers are estimated to be the same. Why do you think so? According to the actual situation of the battlefield, when Guan Yu withdrew from Fancheng, his army was still very strong, so that "Mao Wenyu left and was afraid of being chased by the general." . In the two months from its war with Wu Jun to its escape, "the feather army dispersed." The crux of the matter is, even if there are 30,000 wooden stakes for Wu Jun to cut down, will it take a long time? Besides, Guan Yu has been training for nearly seven years. They have excellent weapons in their hands, not fire sticks! Therefore, it can only be explained that except for a few people who died in battle, others either fell or fled. Reminiscent of the soldiers stationed by the river, I believe that the Lumen fleet is a deceptive caravan, and even let them live by the river. Lu Xun's 3,000 troops are on a roll. In the south of Beijing, it can only show that this army is made of glass, hard but too fragile. If you win, you will be arrogant, and if you lose, you will fall into a thousand miles. If you win with arrogance, you will be defeated. The pride of the scholar-officials should be worthy of the name. Say "Let's treat them". Mi Fang was lured by Yin, and Mi Fang was down and out in Liu Bei's place, and he was not afraid of death when he was hunted down. Why are you afraid at this time? Because if he doesn't die at this time, Guan Yu may be killed when he comes back. Better drag out an ignoble existence than die a coward. Being able to despise Sun Quan, Ma Chao, it is estimated that "being too feather and belittling oneself" is not a general contempt, and not many people refuse to accept this kind of scolding. I believe that most people, including Mi Fang, will use their lives to protect their contempt for leadership interests, not to mention that this is only a civil war. Then Liu Feng and Meng Da can basically find the answer without sending troops to help Guan Yu attack Xiangfan.

Refuting Guan Yu's theory that he has no talent

Some people will say that Guan Yu's failure is because Guan Yu has no generals, and Liu Bei's four tiger generals and Wei Yan are not in Jingzhou. Then I have to ask, did Liu Bei's civil servants and military commanders all fall from the sky? I think Liu Beibing can attract, invite and retain a large number of talents when he is less than 1,000. After Liu Bei entered Sichuan, he sent Guan Yu to "supervise Jingzhou". As the master of Jingzhou, Guan Yu has been managing the land of several counties for many years (equivalent to Liu Biao's position in those years). Why can't even attract a decent talent and cultivate it? The soldiers were left by Liu Bei and will be sent by Liu Bei. What else does Guan Yu need to do? Suddenly Guan Yu did something that made Zhuge Liang flatter (this is one of the so-called sayings that Kong Ming harmed Guan Yu). "Feather heard d down, and the old is not an old friend. Yu Shu and Zhuge Liang asked,' Who is the super talent? "D reputation, guan yu is so despised. It can be seen that no matter how talented people are, they will be buried if they are not scared away. As the saying goes, "there are always swift horses, but Bole is not always there." "

Is Guan Yu's opponent too strong?

The key to the problem lies in this game. Both Wei and Wu want to benefit themselves, but they can't give their opponents an opportunity. Huang Xu's losing streak, Guan Yu was forced to retreat, Coss wanted to chase, and Zhao Yanyan stopped him. "The right to invite soldiers is difficult, and I want to hide it, but Grain Rain also saves it, for fear that I will bear the burden of two people, so I will take advantage of it and be blunt. Imahane has entered alone, so it's best to keep it as a correct injury. If we go deep into the north, the power will be changed into another kind, and it will be born for me. Wang must take this as a concern. " In the final analysis, I'm afraid it's a struggle between snipe and clam, and the fisherman gains. In other words, there are only 30,000 soldiers in Lumeng's headquarters, while Huang Xu's army is a foreign army with little military strength and comes from far away. Therefore, the total number of people will not exceed Guan Yu, and the two armies are suspicious of each other and cannot work together to tackle the problem. It's just that one side wants to see the joke of the other side. So Guan Yu still has a chance to divide and rule, and fight to the death with Wu Jun. Guan Yu will be in it, and Wu Jun is new here. Why didn't Liu Bei send reinforcements?

There is a simple reason. Liu Bei didn't get a letter from Guan Yu for help at all. As you can imagine, he just received the news that Jingzhou was lost, and he is still depressed. Why didn't the manager say hello first for such an important event? In addition, his troops were not assembled in Jiangzhou and Yongan during the last Jingzhou Revolution, but all in Hanzhong, and it was not a matter of a few days to mobilize. Facts have proved that Liu Bei attacked Wu, "in autumn and July, he led the whole army to attack Wu", with 40,000 pioneers until "in the first month of the second spring, the first main force returned to Zigui, and the generals Wu Ban and the water army moved to Yiling, bordering the east and west sides." It can be seen that it is not easy to mobilize the army, but it should be carried out when food and grass are ready. Therefore, it is unrealistic for Liu Bei not to send troops to save Guan Yu. At least Guan Yu has to give Liu Bei time to prepare reinforcements! How to win? There is only one way-stick to it! Why did Guan Yu lose like a mountain?

Courage, I have to say that Guan Yu lacks the courage to face failure. Someone will swear, but I have to say it's true. At that time, Geng Gong was trapped in an isolated island in the western regions, cut off food and grass, ate dead human flesh and drank urine to defend the city, and faced hundreds of Huns for nearly a year until reinforcements arrived. If he is a rare master, he can't compare with him, then give it to a failed celebrity-Zhao Kuo. Regardless of previous mistakes, let's say that after being besieged by Qin Jun, there was no food and no reinforcements for 46 days outside, and Zhao Kuo was able to organize an effective counterattack to hit Qin Jun hard, so that the king of Qin had to send all the men aged 0/5 in Hanoi/Kloc to help, and Zhao didn't stop resisting until the head coach Zhao Kuo was killed. It can be said that Zhao Kuo is not a good soldier, but he is an upright soldier and knows what he should do. Winning or losing is a common occurrence in military strategists, and the key lies in how you face failure. On the other hand, Guan Yu was helpless in front of Lu Meng's psychological warfare. His army fell apart like a tree and collapsed in two months. Who is to blame? Liu Bei failed to save? Sun Quan's "back alliance"? Lumen's trick? Or accuse the soldiers of disloyalty? They have only themselves to blame. Like his army, "win without arrogance and lose with grace."

Is it meaningful for Guan Yu to escape?

Some people say that "burning without firewood is not afraid", which is not wrong in itself, but it depends on the circumstances and who. After losing the battle, it is certainly good to go back, rally and make a comeback. But did Guan Yu just lose? No, he was wiped out. Can he be a green mountain by himself? He himself has no capital to make a comeback. Guan Yu himself once wondered which face he would use to see Liu Bei, even if he really fled back to West Shu alone. Xiang Yu lost his family business, but he was still "ashamed to see his elders in Jiangdong". He lost the family business established by Liu Bei, and he still has the face to drag out an ignoble existence. He thinks he will let another generation of lean men avenge his military strength. If so, then Guan Yu is not only "simple".

Why do you evaluate Guan Yu like this?

There is only one reason to see one thing clearly with materialist dialectics. Why should history be remembered? It is nothing more than learning from it, not looking at history correctly, and imposing it on history with its own subjective ideas. In the end, I just lied to myself. This is the reason why a very common example of Jingzhou's defeat has become countless mysteries. Guan Yu lost Jingzhou because he didn't correctly analyze the situation and put himself in a correct position, so that he was blind and confident, didn't unite with the inside, and made so many mistakes in one breath. It would be really unreasonable if he hadn't failed.