Aigong asked, "Who is a studious disciple?" Confucius said, "Those who have Yan Hui are eager to learn, and if they don't get angry, they will die soon. I am going to die today, and I have never heard of a good scholar. "
Translation?
Lu Aigong asked Confucius, "Who is your studious disciple?" Confucius replied, "There was a studious man named Yan Hui. He didn't take it out on others, nor did he make any more mistakes. Unfortunately, he died short-lived There are no such people now, and I have never heard of anyone who is eager to learn. "
To annotate ...
Lu Aigong (52 BC1-468 BC) was thirty years younger than Confucius. Ji was the son of the 26th monarch of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period, and he reigned from 494 BC to 468 BC. After Lu's death, Ding Gong succeeded to the throne, and Confucius traveled around the world for two years and then returned to Lu for a short stay. In the second year after Ai Gong ascended the throne, Confucius went to defend the country and continued his journey around the world. In this chapter, the problem of mourning for the public occurred two or three years after Confucius returned to Shandong from his four-year trip around the world. Soon after, Confucius passed away.
Yan Hui (52 BC1-48 BC1) was a native of Lu at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, so he was also called Yan Yuan. At the age of fourteen, I worshipped Confucius as a teacher and worked as a teacher all my life. He is the most proud student of Confucius. Confucius praised Yan Hui the most, and praised him for being studious and kind. Yan Hui was highly praised by scholars of all ages.
"vent your anger", vent your anger on irrelevant people, things and things. "Don't be angry" is the heart of private prosecution.
"Two violations" means repeating the same mistake. "Er" is used as a verb here, which means repetition and repetition.
The sound and meaning of "death" and "nothing" are the same.
Comment and analysis
In this chapter, Confucius said that Yan Hui was eager to learn, and cited his virtue of "not being angry but not dying" as proof. It can be seen that Confucius' knowledge mainly lies in cultivating the mind and nature, not because he is knowledgeable and skilled. "studious" because "not angry, not horizontal" is the result. Only if you study as well as Yan Hui can you prove that you are really "studious".
Yan Hui was the most proud student of Confucius, ranking first among his disciples, and Confucius praised his sages many times. Over time, he will become a master of Confucius. Therefore, Yan Hui's "unfortunate short life" is not only the misfortune of Yan Hui, but also the misfortune of the whole world.
Yan Hui is "not angry" because he "did something wrong, but found it for himself". Seeking everything from the inside without resorting to the outside, you can reflect on yourself, blame yourself and prosecute yourself.
Yan Hui's "don't make mistakes" is because he can see it by himself when he makes mistakes, and correct it when he knows it. Such mistakes will never be made again. Therefore, "Germany and Japan go hand in hand, and the days are few." Therefore, Confucius once praised Yan Hui for "his heart is not against benevolence in March".
At this point, I began to watch kung fu. "Xian zai, come back!"