The word western food is determined by its specific geographical location.

"West" means the West.

generally refers to European countries.

"meal" is a diet dish.

what we usually call western food mainly includes the food dishes of western European countries, but also includes the dishes of eastern European countries, Mediterranean countries and some Latin American countries such as Mexico.

The dishes of Southeast Asian countries are generally referred to as Southeast Asian cuisine, but there are also unique cuisines, such as [1] Indian cuisine.

western food generally takes knives and forks as tableware and bread as staple food, and most of them take the shape of a long table.

the main features of western food are prominent main ingredients, beautiful colors, delicious taste, rich nutrition and convenient supply.

the classification of western food-French cuisine

French people have always been famous for being good at eating and being good at eating, and French cuisine still ranks first in the world.

French cuisine is characterized by a wide selection of ingredients (such as snails and foie gras), fine processing, exquisite cooking, strong and light taste and many varieties of colors; French cuisine also pays more attention to eating semi-cooked or raw food, such as steak and leg of lamb, which are characterized by semi-cooked and tender, seafood oysters can also be eaten raw, and roasted wild ducks can be eaten when they are ripe. French dishes attach importance to seasoning, and there are many kinds of condiments.

There are strict rules about how to use wine for seasoning, such as wine for clear soup, brandy for seafood, and all kinds of sweet wine or brandy for dessert. French food and cheese are diverse.

French people like cheese, fruits and all kinds of fresh vegetables very much.

The famous French dishes are Marseille fish soup, foie gras steak, Paris lobster, red pheasant, Savoro chicken, chicken liver steak and so on.

Pay equal attention to conciseness and etiquette-English western food

British food cooking is known as a family delicacy.

English dishes are characterized by less oil and light taste, and less wine is used for seasoning. Most condiments are put on the dining table for guests to choose.

The cooking is fresh and tender, and the taste is light. The selection of materials focuses on seafood and all kinds of vegetables, and the quantity of dishes is small and refined.

The cooking methods of English dishes are mainly steaming, boiling, roasting and smoking.

The famous English dishes are: chicken salad, roast prawn souffle, stewed mutton with potato, roast sheep saddle, winter solstice pudding, Meiji steak and so on.

the ancestor of western cuisine-Italian cuisine

During the Roman Empire, Italy was once the political, economic and cultural center of Europe. Although Italy fell behind later, it was the ancestor in terms of western cooking, comparable to France and Britain.

Italian cuisine is characterized by its original flavor and strong flavor.

Cooking pays attention to frying and smoking, and is good at frying, frying, frying and stewing.

Italians love pasta and eat it in many ways.

Its noodles are unique. There are at least dozens of noodles with various shapes, colors and tastes, such as letter-shaped, shell-shaped, solid noodles and macaroni strips.

Italians also like to eat Italian wonton and Italian jiaozi.

The famous Italian dishes are: macaroni and vegetable soup, local wonton, macaroni with cheese, macaroni with minced meat, pizza and so on.

fast nutrition-American cuisine

American cuisine is developed on the basis of British cuisine, which inherits the simple and light characteristics of British cuisine and tastes salty and sweet.

Americans are generally not interested in spicy food, and prefer grilled dishes. They often use fruits as ingredients to cook with dishes, such as pineapple ham and roasted duck with vegetables and fruits.

I like to eat all kinds of fresh vegetables and fruits.

Americans don't have high dietary requirements, as long as they are nutritious and quick.

The famous American dishes include roast turkey, roast duck with orange, American steak, apple salad, pancakes with sugar sauce and so on.

classic western food-Russian feast

The upper class in the Tsar's Russian era worshipped France very much. The nobles were not only proud of speaking French, but also learned from France in their food and cooking skills.

However, after years of evolution, especially in Russia, food with high calorie has gradually formed its own cooking characteristics.

Russians like to eat hot food, such as steamed buns and patties made of fish, minced meat, eggs and vegetables, and all kinds of snacks are quite famous.

Russian dishes are heavy in taste and like to use oil, so the preparation method is relatively simple.

The tastes are mainly sour, sweet, spicy and salty. Pickled cucumbers and pickled cabbage are often necessary foods on the dining table of restaurants or families.

The cooking method is characterized by roasting and fumigation.

Russian-style dishes have a great influence on western food. People of some Nordic countries and ethnic groups in Central Europe and Yugoslavia, which are located in the cold zone, have similar daily life habits to Russians, and most of them like pickled fish, bacon, sausages, ham, sauerkraut and pickled cucumbers.

The famous dishes of Russian cuisine are: assorted cold cuts, caviar, sour cucumber soup, cold apple soup, fish steamed stuffed bun, chicken rolls with butter and so on.

beer, buffet-German cuisine

Germans are not particular about diet, and like to eat fruits, cheese, sausages, sauerkraut, potatoes, etc., instead of being flashy, they only seek affordable nutrition, and first invented buffet fast food.

Germans like to drink beer, and the annual Oktoberfest in Munich consumes about 1 million liters of beer.

Western food can be roughly divided into French, English, Italian, Russian, American, Mediterranean and other different styles of dishes. People in different countries have different eating habits. There is a very vivid saying that "the French praise the chef's skills, the British pay attention to etiquette, and the Germans like to eat happily ..." Now, let's take a look at the main characteristics of different western foods.

talking about western food in detail. People who are at the forefront of fashion should be familiar with western food.

Western food is an exotic product which is quite different from Chinese food culture.

Many people have heard of it and eaten western food, but I wonder if they know the root of this complicated and exquisite thing.

Starting from this issue, this magazine will open a column entitled "Cultural Profile of Western Food", which will tell you about the long-standing western food culture in detail ...

What is western food?

western food is a general term for western food by Chinese people and people from other eastern countries and regions. In a broad sense, it can also be said to be a general term for western food and beverage culture.

what we call "western" is traditionally referred to European countries and regions, as well as the vast areas of North America, South America and Oceania where these countries and regions are the main immigrants, so western food mainly refers to the catering culture in the above areas.

Westerners call China dishes "food", Japanese dishes, Korean dishes and so on. They don't call them "Oriental dishes" in a cage, but divide them carefully and name them according to their country names.

In fact, the catering culture in western countries has its own characteristics, and the dishes in different countries are also different. For example, the French think that they cook French food, while the British think that their food is British food.

Westerners don't have a clear concept of "western food" themselves. This concept is that of China and other orientals.

so why do we have such a concept? This is because when we first came into contact with western food, we still couldn't tell what Italian food was, what French food was and what British food was, and we could only have a general concept.

At that time, Chinese people generally called it "Fancai", which means "Fancai" in the West.

The ancients in China often thought that China was the center of the world, and they used to take a derogatory view of other countries and regions, calling the East "Yi", the West "Fan", the North "Hu" and the South "Man".

Therefore, the so-called "Fancai" refers to western food.

in addition, as far as western countries are concerned, because the geographical location of European countries is relatively close, and there have been many great ethnic migrations in history, their cultures have already infiltrated and merged with each other, and they have many similarities with each other.

Furthermore, the religious beliefs in western countries are mainly Catholicism, Orthodox Christianity and Protestantism (only a few people believe in Christianity), and they are all the main branches of Christianity, so their dietary taboos and dining customs are basically the same.

As for South America, North America and Oceania, their cultures are also in the same strain as those of Europe.

therefore, whether westerners have a clear concept of "western food" or not, Chinese people and other orientals are generally the same in this part, but the western food culture which is completely different from the eastern food is collectively called "western food".

However, in recent years, with the continuous collision, infiltration and blending of eastern and western cultures, people in the East have gradually realized the different characteristics of various dishes in western food and started to treat them differently.

Some high-end hotels have also set up French restaurants and Italian restaurants, etc. As a general concept, western food tends to fade away, but the western food culture as a whole will continue to exist.

How do the six M's who eat western food taste western food culture? After long-term discussion and summary, scholars who study western food think that eating western food should pay attention to the following six M's.

the first is "Menu";

When you walk into a cafe or a western restaurant, the waiter will show you to your seat first. When you are seated, the menu will be served first.

The menu is regarded as the facade of the restaurant, and the boss has always attached importance to it. The best materials are used as the cover of the menu, and some even use soft sheepskin to make all kinds of beautiful patterns, which is particularly elegant and exquisite.

how to order good food? Here is a little experience, that is, after opening the menu, see which dish is named after the store name. Don't miss this dish.

Because that restaurant won't joke about its reputation, the dishes they make with great efforts will definitely be delicious. Everyone must order this "signature dish".

In addition, it is important to note that you should not treat the ordering problem of western food with the habit of eating Chinese food: that is, don't ignore the menu and don't ask the waiter to order for you.

In France, even President De Gaulle and President D 'Estaing have to look at the menu to order western food.

Because reading the menu and ordering food has become an indispensable procedure for eating western food, and it is an expression of an elegant lifestyle.

the second one is "Music";

Luxury and advanced western restaurants usually have bands playing some soft music, and ordinary western restaurants also play some beautiful and elegant music.

However, the most important thing here is the "audibility" of the music, that is, the sound should reach the level of "seemingly audible and inaudible", that is to say, you can't hear it when you concentrate on talking with your friends, but you can hear it when you are resting and relaxing, and you should master this temperature well.

the third is "Mood" (atmosphere);

western food pays attention to elegant environment and harmonious atmosphere.

music must be accompanied, tables and tables should be neat and clean, and all tableware should be clean.

in case of dinner, the lights should be dim and there should be red candles on the table to create a romantic, charming and elegant atmosphere.

the fourth is "Meeting";

that is to say, you have to choose who to eat western food with.

It is best to eat western food with friends and relatives or people with similar interests.

Eating western food is mainly for bonding feelings, so it's best not to talk about business at the western food table.

Therefore, in western restaurants, the atmosphere is generally warm, and there are few red-faced scenes.

the fifth is "Manner" (etiquette);

this refers to "eating" and "eating".

since you are eating western food, you should follow western customs, and don't do anything abrupt, especially if you dance with a knife and fork in your hand, you will be "rude".

The knife and fork must be held correctly: the knife should be held in the right hand and the fork in the left hand.

cut the food into small pieces with a knife and then fork it into the mouth.

Generally speaking, Europeans don't change their hands when using knives and forks, and always use the fork in their left hand to bring food into their mouths.

Americans put down the knife after cutting it, and put the fork in their right hand to send the food into their mouth.

But at any time, the knife should never be used to deliver things to the entrance.

At western banquets, the host will arrange for men and women to sit next to each other, and western gentlemen who pay attention to "ladies first" will show their attentions to ladies.

the sixth one is "Meal" (food).

An American gourmet once said, "Japanese people eat with their eyes, and the form of cooking is beautiful; We eat our western food with our noses, so our noses are very big. Only you great China people know how to eat with your tongue.

"Chinese food takes" taste "as the core, while western food takes nutrition as the core. As for taste, it can't be compared with Chinese food.

western food etiquette 1. When sitting, keep your body straight, do not put your elbows on the table, do not tilt your feet, and keep the distance from the table to facilitate the use of tableware.

don't fiddle with the tableware set on the dining table.

fold the napkin in half and gently put it on your lap.

2. When eating with a knife and fork, take the knife and fork from the outside to the inside, holding the fork in your left hand and holding the knife in your right hand; When cutting things, hold the fork in your left hand and hold the food, and hold the knife in your right hand to cut it into small pieces and send it to your mouth with a fork.

when using a knife, the blade should not be outward.

When you put down your knife and fork, you should put them in a figure of eight and put them on the edge of the plate.

the blade is facing itself, indicating that you will continue to eat.

after each dish, put the knife and fork together on the plate.

If you are talking, you can hold a knife and fork without putting it down.

When you don't use the knife, you can hold the fork in your right hand, but if you need to gesture, you should put down your knife and fork. Never hold the knife and fork in your hand and shake it in the air. Don't wipe your mouth with a napkin in one hand, and don't hold a glass in one hand and a fork in the other.

remember, never put one end of a knife and fork on the plate and the other end on the table at any time.

3. Don't sip when drinking soup, but shut up and chew when eating.

don't lick your lips or smack your lips.

if the soup is overheated, wait until it is a little cold before eating. don't blow it with your mouth.

When drinking soup, scoop it out from the inside with a spoon. When the soup in the soup plate is almost finished, tilt the outside of the soup plate slightly with your left hand and scoop it out with the spoon.

when you finish the soup, leave the spoon in the soup plate (bowl) and point the spoon handle at yourself.

4. When eating fish, meat and other dishes with thorns or bones, don't spit directly. Cover your mouth with a napkin and spit gently on the fork and put it on the plate.

if there is a small amount of dishes left on the plate, don't scrape the bottom of the plate with a fork, and don't help eating with your fingers. You should help eating with a small piece of bread or fork.

when eating noodles, roll up the noodles with a fork first, and then send them into your mouth.

5. Bread is usually broken into small pieces and sent to your mouth. Don't bite the whole piece of bread.

when spreading butter and jam, break the bread into small pieces first.