It is said that Mr. Lu Xun loves to call names, with the words of Mr. Chen Yuan (Xiying); He said: "Mr. Lu Xun wanted to implicate other people's crimes as soon as he wrote it." He either decreases or increases, takes it out of context or fabricates some facts. Someone told me that what Mr. Lu Xun lacks is a big mirror, so he will never see his face. I said he was wrong. Mr. Lu Xun was so because he had a big mirror. Have you seen the story painted by Zhao Ziang? If he wants to draw a gesture, he will make that gesture in front of the mirror. Mr. Lu Xun's articles were also written in his big mirror, and there was not a word of swearing that could not be applied to himself. ..... He often makes rumors and fabricates facts, but he also often calls people "rumors" and "fabricates facts" and admits that they are "obscene". He often curses for no reason. If that person is angry, he says others have no sense of humor. But if someone violates a word he says, he will jump into the sky and scold you to pieces-and he will not stop. "He added:" Some people say that both of them (Mr. Lu Xun and Mr. Qi Ming) have the temper of a master criminal in their hometown of Shaoxing. Qi Ming himself seems to have partially admitted this. However, we should distinguish between those who have never been an official and those who have been an official for more than ten years. "But, I still doubt that Mr. Lu Xun is really willing to call names?
You should have read the postscript to Lu Xun's tomb. There is a passage that says:
"As for others, ... and I'm willing to let things that hate my words get a little spit-I know, I'm not serious, and I'm glad those things spit because of my words. ……
I do dissect people from time to time. However, I dissect myself more ruthlessly and express a point. People who love warmth already feel cold. If all my flesh and blood are exposed, I don't know what the end will be. I sometimes want to drive others away. Those who don't spit on me then, even if they are vicious snakes and evil spirits, are all my friends. This is my friend.
If there is no such thing, I can do it alone. "
After reading this passage, you should have a little understanding. It turns out that he is happy to curse, but this is only a misunderstanding on the one hand. In China, people will not criticize the system or comment on individuals, nor will they ask for positive satire or negative cynicism. In short, it is called "swearing"; "Swearing" is even hurtful advice. It is said that Mr. Lu Xun loves to swear, and regards his criticism system as an example of a bitch cursing the street. Naturally, he will only scold this and that.
Let's review his articles, among which the most bitter irony is the residual feudal system and thought. His life has experienced many tricks of political reform and social reform; This move seems a bit arrogant at first, and finally it gradually softens, is used, misunderstood and even disappears. It's all different The revolution of 1911 became.
Q
Braid, the companion of New Youth, was promoted and retired, leaving him walking around in the desert alone. He was very skeptical and therefore very disappointed. He feels that his environment is an iron house without windows, and the walls of the iron house are made of bricks such as spiritual civilization, national quintessence and Confucius and Mencius. He then raised his spear and gun to challenge the feudal thought of feudal system; As long as someone does the work of destroying that iron house, he will lend a helping hand.
Since he attacked a system and an idea, of course, the group of people under a certain system will be next to his criticism, some ideas will appear on some people, and some people will be scolded by him. He cursed Zhang and Lin Yutang, that is, cursed the thoughts of driving backwards; To scold Liang Shiqiu and Chen Xiying is to scold the reformism of the crescent school, a modern critic. There may be some personal grievances, but readers agree with Mr. Lu Xun's criticism and ignore any personal grievances; It was because he criticized the retrogressive mistakes and pointed out that reformism was absurd and had its own social significance that he agreed. People don't think he is scolding individuals, but Zhang, Zhang, Zhang and others are just thinking with him.
Q
Similarly, why can we ignore the significance of his critical system and critical thinking and only mention his "swearing"?
After the collapse of Leifeng Tower, Mr. Lu Xun had a little leisure and once wrote two articles. He is so carefree, because the Leifeng Tower collapsed, the West Lake lost one of its top ten scenic spots, which can at least cure the traditional top ten scenic spots. But Mr. Lu Xun knows that the top ten scenic spots of China people are disgusting, and he doesn't understand irony at all. He said generously, "Tragedy destroys valuable things in life, while comedy tears worthless things to people. Satire is just a tributary of comedy simplification. But tragic and funny are both enemies of the Ten Scenes Disease, because they are destructive, although they are destroyed in different ways. If China's Ten Scenes Disease still exists, not only Rousseau's madman will never come into being, but also a tragic writer, comedy writer or satirist will never come into being. " As he was born in China, he is doomed to be misunderstood by people with Ten Scenes Disease. Until his death, his destructive satire was regarded as "swearing".
There is no denying that there is a strong pessimism in Mr. Lu Xun's article. (He said:
"We must follow the same pace as our predecessors, so we will cut out some darkness and decorate some smiles to make our works show some bright colors." He added: "whether my cry is brave or sad, disgusting or ridiculous, it is too much to care about;" But since I am crying, I have to listen to my will, so I often don't borrow a pen because the Lord at that time didn't advocate negativity. "Why did he take such a strong pessimistic attitude? His early life really laid a deep foundation for him. Mr. Lu Xun once mentioned in the preface of "Scream": "Has anyone fallen into poverty from a well-off family? "I thought that on this road, I could probably see the true face of the world." This is a very painful sentence. In his childhood, his father's long-term illness, the faces of shopkeepers, famous doctors and pharmacy assistants, and the faces of relatives and friends from poor families all made the scars engraved on the child's heart board very clear and profound. Because he was the eldest son, because he lost his father in childhood, and because he was cold, he found a very miserable world. He had learned a lot of psychological anatomy before he learned to operate. Stimulated by the worldly affairs of his childhood, and then through the change of the world in his prime, he tore off many human faces and exposed unexpected and malicious people. So he was as lonely and indifferent as Russia's Andreev, and his face was always just facing the pit outside the dark window. (Fang Bi's "On Lu Xun" said that the protagonist of "Happy Family" was finally disillusioned, and the main reason for the deterioration of luck was economic oppression; But that's not the cry of the oppressed, but the faint moan of fatigue, which pierces your bone marrow like the cool wind outside the window on a winter night, making people feel creepy. )
In his later years, Mr. Lu Xun's spirit changed slightly. The success of the Northern Expedition of the National Revolutionary Army and the establishment of the Soviet Union in China gave him a glimmer of light. He once thought that the desperate iron house without windows seemed to have the hope of being destroyed. In the past ten years, his essays have been much more active; It is especially hard to criticize institutional thought, if such efforts are only based on personal grievances.
"Swearing" is really a "view that people can't express in words", and I don't want to say anything.