Books are our spiritual food. ——Pushkin
The scientific spirit is a powerful force that promotes social progress. ——Zhou Haizhong
Workers’ organization, discipline, perseverance and solidarity with workers all over the world are the guarantee for final victory. ——Lenin
The relationship between spirit and things, things, and reality: A. The logical relationship of the basic concepts of philosophy is the universe? Things W Things S Real things Spiritual things Wj Spiritual things Reality X Spirit J To Table A Basic explanation:
1. Objects include real objects and spiritual objects.
Object is the spatial distribution of mass. Objects are also called substances.
Reality is the instantaneous spatial distribution of mass. Reality is the class name for all real objects.
Object is the collective name of all real objects and spiritual objects
2. Spirit includes spiritual objects and spiritual things.
Spiritual objects are records of past events and objects in reality.
Spiritual things are the reenactments of spiritual things in reality.
Spirit is the collective name of all spiritual objects and spiritual things
Things are changes in matter over time. Thing is the class name for all mental events.
Everything in the universe must go through a period of time, so it is all spiritual matter.
This concept of things includes not only human things, but also animals, plants, bacteria, viruses and other living things, as well as all non-living things.
3. Objects and things constitute the universe, or reality and spirit constitute the universe, or reality and spirit, objects and things constitute the universe.
That is to say: the universe is composed of things and things. The human world contained in the universe is of course also composed of things and things. Rational thinking
In other words: the universe is both realistic and spiritual. Therefore, the human world is both realistic and full of spirit. Perceptual thinking
Comprehensive theory: The universe is the information connection between things and reality, and the human world is part of this universe. Living Thought
The word message here refers to all spiritual things in the universe, including human spiritual things.
The basic difference between things and things is: things are a function of time period, and things are a function of time.
Among the categories of objects, real objects are functions of the current moment, and mental objects are functions of past moments. B. Mathematical definition of basic concepts of cosmic philosophy and its logical relationship table (n is a positive integer) Universe? Time T endless and eternal space U unbounded and eternal quality M infinite and eternal things + things = spirit + real time t∈(-∞, +∞) Volume static mass period △t>0 u=u(t)∈(0,+∞) m=m(u)∈(0,+∞) Object W Reality X Reality object Wn Current time t=r/ c u>0 m>0 mental J mental object Jn past time t
Axiom 1: Time goes on forever. Mathematical expression: T=[t∈(-∞,+∞), △t>0].
Time definition: The connotation is eternity, and the denotation is the measurement of the length and sequence of all event processes.
"Endless" means that time has no beginning and end, and "eternal" means that the increment of time is always a positive number.
Time expresses the arrangement of birth and death of objects. "Time" is referred to as "hour".
Axiom 2: Space is unbounded and exists forever. Mathematical expression: U=[ r∈(0,+ ∞), r=ct].
Space definition: The connotation is unbounded and eternal, and the denotation is the measurement of the size and relative position of all objects.
"Unbounded" means that any point in the space is centered, and "eternal" means that the space will always exist at the current moment.
Space expresses the birth and death range of objects. "Space" is simply called "empty".
Axiom 3: Quality is infinite and eternal. Mathematical expression: M= [m∈(0,+∞), Bn≠B0].
Quality definition: The connotation is infinite and eternal, and the denotation is the measure of how much content is filled in all finite spaces.
"Infinite" means that the total mass of the universe is infinite, and "everlasting" means that it will never fill the space evenly.
Quality expresses the degree of birth and death of an object. "Quality" is referred to as "quality".
Basic explanation of the mathematical expressions of the "Three Axioms of the Universe":
1. The axiom of time is divided into two parts: the time axiom and the period axiom.
Time analysis: t∈-(∞,+∞) is endless time.
The infinite number of moments is one of the nature of time. t is time.
Period analysis: △t>0 means the increment is always positive.
The time period continues in one direction and can be shortened arbitrarily so that the time period can be divided infinitely. This is the second nature of time. △t is the time period.
2. The space axioms are divided into two parts: point theorem and space-time relation theorem.
Point theorem: r∈(0,+∞) is an unbounded point and can be centered.
There are infinite points, every little bit is different and every bit is equal. This is the nature of space. Here point P = (r, θ, φ ) [spherical coordinates], r is the distance.
The relationship between space and time: r=ct represents the eternal existence of space.
The distance can be extended or shortened arbitrarily so that any point can appear at the current moment. The basic relationship between space and time is that any point can appear at the current moment. Here c is the speed of light constant. According to the four-dimensional space concept in the special theory of relativity, the space-time interval ct-r=0 is an invariant, that is, there is no interval between time and space, so r=ct means that point P is the point where light reaches immediately, which means that "space exists now" ".
3. The mass axiom is divided into two parts: the overall theorem and the mass-space relation theorem.
Overall theorem: m∈(0,+∞) is infinite mass and infinite.
The total mass of the universe is infinite, so the mass of any object can be infinitely small, so the mass of any object can be divided arbitrarily to an infinite level. This is the nature of quality. Here m is the static mass.
The relationship between mass and space: Bn≠B0 means that there is always uneven space filled with space.
Any part of the universe is filled with mass, but the mass distribution density in each part of the space is different. This is the basic relationship between mass and space. Bn is the density of the n-th cut-out part of the object, and B0 is the density of the original object. Bn≠B0 means that if any object is divided into levels, the density of objects at each level will never be equal. That is to say, "mass distribution in space is never uniform", which is expressed in quantum mechanics as the "uncertainty principle".
In order to make it easier to remember, I express it in poetry:
"Three Axioms of the Universe"
The increment is always positive, and time does not end. The space exists, and the dots can be centered.
The mass is infinite and the space is unevenly filled. Time and space vary according to quality, and the principles of birth and death are the same.
Basic explanation of Table B:
The basic concepts of cosmology are defined by the "Three Axioms of the Universe".
1. The definition of the universe is given by the three axioms of the universe:
Connotation: The universe is an existence where "time is endless and eternal, space is unbounded and eternal, and quality is infinite and eternal".
(Brief description) The universe is the existence of time, space, matter, eternity and nothingness.
Extension: There is only one universe.
Mathematical expression: ?={t∈(-∞,+∞),△t>0; r∈(0,+∞), r=ct;m∈(0,+∞) ,Bn≠B0}.
The "space-time relationship theorem: r=ct is the eternal space existence" shows that "space U is a function of time t". Specifically, in a limited part of space, it is "volume" u is a function of time t”, that is, u=u(t).
The "mass-space relation theorem: Bn ≠ B0 is always unevenly filled space" shows that "mass M is a function of space U", which is specific to the limited partial mass. "The static mass m is a function of the volume u", that is, m=m(u).
2. The definition of matter is given by the moment axiom in the time axiom, the space axiom and the mass axiom:
Connotation: Matter is the spatial distribution of mass.
Extension: all objects, including "mental objects Jn" and "real objects Wn".
Object: The distribution of a certain finite mass in a certain finite space.
Mathematical expression: W=t∈(-∞,+∞); u>0, r=ct; m>0, Bn≠B0.
3. The definition of reality is given by limiting the value range of time to t=r/c based on the definition of matter:
Connotation: Reality is the immediate spatial distribution of mass. . According to the definition of object, it can also be said that reality is an instant object.
Extension: all real objects Wn.
Mathematical expression: X=t=r/c; u>0, r=ct; m>0, Bn≠B0.
The time limit is derived from the definition of "time and space interval": if 0 is the origin of the time coordinate system, then numerically the period △t = time t, so ct = r, so There is the present time t=r/c.
4. The definition of spiritual things is given by limiting the value range of time to t Connotation: spiritual things are past events and The recording of objects in real objects. Extension: all spiritual objectsJn. Mathematical expression: Wj=t Because any time less than the current time t=r/c is a past time, there is a past time t 5. The definition of things is given by the definition of the universe, which limits the value range of time to t≤r/c, and limits the increment of volume and mass: p> Connotation:: Things are changes in the spatial distribution of mass at any time. According to the definition of things, it can also be said that things are things that change at any time. Extension: all mental events Sn. Mathematical expression: S=(t≤r/c), △t>0; u>0, |△u|>0, r=ct; m>0, |△m |> 0,Bn≠B0. From table A, we can get: three basic theorems of universe logic: A. ?=S+W universe=thing+thing B.?= J + p> Zi, from A and B: S+W=J+X things + things = spirit + reality Chou, from A and C: W=Wj+X things = spiritual things + reality Yin and Yi are derived from Yi and Bing: J=Wj+S Spirit=spiritual matter+thing From the three theorems, we can see that there are three ways of thinking about the universe: 1. The method of “things + things”. It is what is commonly called the analysis plus synthesis method. There are two categories: concrete and abstract: concrete analysis and synthesis is the segmentation and assembly of physical objects, and abstract analysis and synthesis is the identification and classification of concepts. This is the thinking method of very few wise men among mankind. Such as natural philosophers, mathematicians, thinkers; scientists, inventors, technicians, etc. Scientists, inventors, and technicians are mainly the former, while natural philosophers, mathematicians, and thinkers are mainly the latter. The above-mentioned elite figures are basically produced in the developed modern liberal democracies of the West. 2. The "spiritual + reality" method. This is what is commonly known as the method of imagery plus interpretation. There are two categories: concrete and abstract: concrete images and interpretations are the evaluation of feelings about physical objects, and abstract images and interpretations are the interpretation of concepts. This is the thinking method of theologians, Buddhists, Taoists, Confucianists; Chinese medicine practitioners, social philosophers, literary artists, etc. and most people. Most people are mainly the former, while theologians, Buddhists, Taoists, Confucianists; Chinese medicine practitioners, social philosophers, literary artists, etc. are mainly the latter. Theologians, Buddhists, Taoists, and Confucianists prefer the spiritual side, while Chinese medicine practitioners, social philosophers, and literary artists prefer the practical side. Most people wander in the vast area between spirituality and reality. 3. The method of "things + spiritual things + reality". It is the method of "imagery logical thinking". This method is currently only a way of thinking that a few people try to use. Philosophy of the Universe is trying to perfect this way of thinking. I predict that this method will be the main way of thinking among living scientists in the future. This way of thinking is closest to the true meaning of the universe and will bring mankind a Chinese-style living science and technology civilization that is more brilliant than the modern Western-style dead body science and technology civilization.