Volume 17 of "Le'an County Chronicles·Sacrifice Code" compiled in the 31st year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1630) and "Continued Compilation of Guangrao County Chronicles·Ancient Tombs" in the 25th year of the Republic of China (1936) Zhongjun records that "in Hanjiaqiao, twenty-five miles east of the city, an ancient tomb was stolen in the fifth year of Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty (1469). The magistrate Ma Liang conquered the bronze tripod obtained from it. The article said: "Han General Li Zuoche", so it is said to be his tomb. Thus. The historical mystery of Li Zuoche's whereabouts is solved. Li Zuoche, whose date of birth and death is unknown, was born in the Qinma Kingdom of Nanyang, Quyang County, Baoding City, Hebei Province (otherwise, it is said that he was from Raoyang County, Hengshui City, Hebei Province). He was a great strategist and military strategist in my country during the Qin and Han Dynasties. His grandfather was Li Mu, a famous general of Zhao State. At first, Li Zuoche was the counselor of General Chen Yu of Zhao State. He made great military exploits for Zhao and was granted the title of King Zhao (Xie). He became the "King of Guangwu". Later, he served as an assistant to Han Xin and made great contributions to conquering Yan and Qi. He also wrote the book "King of Guangwu" on the art of war. , in "Liao Zhai Zhiyi: Hail God", it is recorded that he dropped hail in Zhangqiu, filling the ditches without damaging the crops. In October of the third year of Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty (204 BC), Liu Bang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, sent a hailstorm. Generals Han Xin and Zhang Er led tens of thousands of Han troops to attack Xiang Yu's vassal state Zhao. Zhao Xie and commander Cheng'an Jun Chen Yu led 200,000 Han troops at Jingjingkou in the Taihang Mountains (today's east of Jingjing, Hebei Province) to occupy favorable terrain and prepare. At that time, the counselor Li Zuoche said to Chen Yu: "I heard that Han Xin of the Han Dynasty crossed the Xihe River, captured the king of Wei, and captured Xia. He said that Xindai Xuelan was with him. Now he is assisted by Zhang Er, and he wants to go to Zhao. Taking advantage of victory and going to fight far away from home, the front cannot be taken. When I heard that food was sent from thousands of miles away, the scholars looked hungry, and the woodcutter Su and his wife were busy cooking, but the teachers were not full. On Jinjingxing Road, chariots cannot have square tracks, and riders cannot line up. If they travel hundreds of miles, their power and food will be behind them. I would like to have 20,000 false ministers and strange soldiers at my feet. I will cut off all their equipment and equipment from the road, and they will have deep ditches in the middle and high bases. They will be entrenched and do not fight. There will be no fighting in front of him, no retreat, and my extraordinary troops will destroy the rear, so that there will be no plunder in the field. In less than ten days, the heads of the two generals will be killed. I hope you will pay attention to your plans. No, he will be captured by the two sons. "("Historical Records: Biography of the Marquis of Huaiyin", the same below) However, Chen Yu was arrogant and underestimated the enemy. He did not take Han Xin's tens of thousands of Han troops seriously and insisted on sending troops to fight. When eating, I heard that Chen Yu had not adopted Li Zuoche. He was very pleased with the suggestion and immediately sent two thousand Qingqi back to the flank of the Zhao army's camp in the middle of the night to lie in wait for the attack. Early the next morning, the main force of the Han army came out of Jingxingkou and placed a "Backwater Chen" on the east bank of the Mian River to lure him. The Zhao army attacked. Sure enough, the Zhao army came out and fought with the Han army. The Han army pretended to be defeated. At this time, the Han army took advantage of the opportunity to ambush the Zhao army and captured the Zhao army's camp. The Zhao army saw this chaos and the Han army took advantage of the situation. Attacked from a flank and defeated the Zhao army, Han Xin beheaded Chen Yu and captured the King of Zhao. After Zhao's death, Han Xin knew that Li Zuoche had far-reaching plans. The failure of the Zhao army in the battle of Jingxing was because Chen Yu failed to use Li Zuoche's plan. It was not Li Zuoche's fault. In addition, Han Xin loved talents as much as his life and was eager to use his generals. He "ordered the army not to kill Lord Guangwu and gave a daughter to anyone who could survive." This was how Li Zuoche was born. He was tied up and brought to Han Xin's account. If Han Xin found the treasure, he immediately untied him, let him sit on the throne, treated him as a teacher, and asked him for advice on how to destroy Qi and Yan: "I want to attack Yan from the north and attack Yan from the east. How could the attack on Qi be successful? " When Li Zuoche saw that Han Xin would not kill him, but treated him as a teacher, he felt as if he had met his master. But Li Zuoche still refused and said: "I heard that a defeated general cannot be brave, and a man who has subjugated his country cannot plot. live. Now I am a defeated prisoner, how can I have the authority to do important things? "Han Xin explained: "I heard that Baili Xi lived in Yu and Yu died, and he dominated Qin. He was not stupid as Yu but wise as Qin. Whether to use it or not, whether to listen or not, I sincerely ordered you to become Anjun (Chen Anjun). I) listen to the plan, if you believe it, you are already captured. You don’t have to take a single step, so you can trust your ears. Han Xin added: "I am determined to return to my plan, and I am willing to stay put." "At this time, Li Zuoche saw that Han Xin was sincere in using his intention, so he said: "I heard that a wise man will lose something if he thinks a lot; a fool will gain something if he thinks a lot. Therefore, it is said that "the words of a crazy man are chosen by the sage." I am afraid that my plan may not be sufficient, so I am willing to be loyal to you. "Li Zuoche first analyzed the strengths and weaknesses of the Han army, as well as the situation of Qi, Yan and other countries to Han Xin, and formulated a strategy of "use one's own strengths to avoid the enemy's weaknesses, use one's own strengths to attack the enemy's weaknesses" He offered advice to Han Xin and said: "Now the general crosses the Xihe River to capture the king of Wei, captures Xia, and goes to Jingxing in one fell swoop. If not, he will defeat Zhao's 200,000 men and kill Anjun." He is well-known throughout the country and has a powerful reputation all over the world. Farmers are always plowing the fields, keeping food and clothing, and ready for orders. If this is the case, this is what a general is good at. However, after all the hard work, it is actually difficult to use. Now the general wants to wear out his troops and attack Yan Jian's city. If he wants to fight for a long time, he may not be able to hold off. He will see that the situation is too weak and he will run out of food after a long day.

But if the weak Yan refuses to submit, Qi will have to distance itself from the border to strengthen itself. If Yan and Qi are in a stalemate and refuse to surrender, then the power of Liu and Xiang will not be divided. If this is the case, the general is at his shortcomings. I am a fool, I thought it was too much. Therefore, those who are good at using weapons do not use short force to attack long force, but use long force to attack short force. Han Xin said happily: "Well, why?" Li Zuoche said to him: "Now that is the general's plan, it is better to suspend the troops according to the armor, suppress Zhao, and help the orphans. Within a hundred miles, when the cattle and wine are coming, they can feast on the scholar-officials, release the troops, and go north to Yan Road, and then send them back." If the debater uses the book that is close to him and exposes his strengths to Yan, Yan will not dare to disobey him. Yan has followed and sent the noisy people east to report to Qi. Qi will obey the wind. Even if there are wise men, they don't know what Qi's plan is. If this is the case, then everything in the world can be planned, and the military must first make a sound and then make a real move. This is what we call it. "Han Xin said: "Good. "So he followed his strategy and reported it to Liu Bang, King of Han Dynasty. Then he sent an envoy to Yan with a letter, and Yan really took advantage of the trend. From these conversations between Han Xin and Li Zuoche, we can see that Li Zuoche is indeed a great leader. A resourceful counselor who was proficient in the art of war, he developed his military strategy ideas while deeply studying and applying the traditional military methods of ancient my country. Unfortunately, when Sima Shi wrote "Historical Records", the record of Li Zuoche ended here. However, in the description of the process of conquering Qi, only Han Xin, Li Shiqi, Kuai Tong and others were mentioned, but there was no mention of Li Zuoche's outstanding achievements in the Han Dynasty classics. His whereabouts and where he was buried are unknown. Therefore, later generations have put forward various speculations about him: some said that he had never been to Qi State at all, and his tomb should be in Zhaozhou (see "Yuan Dynasty"). "Annals of Counties and Counties" and "Collection of Books"); some say that he followed Han Xin to Chu after the Qi Dynasty, and was killed by Fan Kuai when Liu Bang, the great ancestor of the Han Dynasty, visited Mengze (see the filmed TV script); some say that he The tomb is located in Che Town, Sansanli County, Wudi County (see "Shandong General Chronicle" and "Wudi County Chronicle"). In short, there are different opinions and there is no consensus. The "Li Zuoche Tomb" was cleaned and excavated, and it was found that it was a large tomb from the Eastern Han Dynasty, which confirmed that it was not Li Zuoche's tomb (see "The Mystery of Li Zuoche's Tomb" written by Guo Shiyun in the third volume of "Wudi Literary and Historical Materials") In fact, in the fourth year of Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty (203 BC), Han Xin was granted the title of King of Qi by Liu Bang, although the "Historical Records" did not mention it in the many battles of the Han army against Qi. Li Zuoche, but in fact Li Zuoche had already come to Qi with Han Xin to assist Han Xin in attacking Qi. After Li Zuoche's strategic ideas were reported to Liu Bang, the king of Han, it also had a great influence on Liu Bang's thinking. Li Shiqi went to the State of Qi to persuade the King of Qi and marched to Qi's seventy-two cities. This was also a further application of Li Zuoche's strategy of "speaking first and then confirming the truth" to deter the enemy and "make the noisy people move eastward to thousands of Qi". It can also be seen from the tomb of Li Zuoche discovered in Hanjiaqiao, Dawang Town, Guangrao, and the unearthed bronze tripod "General Li Zuoche of the Han Dynasty" that at this time Li Zuoche had not only followed Han Xin to the Qi Dynasty, but was also appointed by Liu Bang, the king of Han Dynasty. The general has stationed troops at the Great King. The Great King was originally called Dawang Bridge, and Han Bridge and Li Bridge were located several miles apart across the Yang River. According to legend, it was built to commemorate the achievements of Liu Bang, Han Xin and Li Zuoche. Qingzhou and Linzi are bounded by Yan, Zhao and the Bohai Sea to the north, Weishui (now Weifang, Shandong) and Shouguang to the east, and Le'an (now Guangrao, Shandong) and Bochang (now Liuqiao, Boxing) to the west. Its strategic location is very important. It has always been valued by military strategists. To the east, you can go straight to Jiaodong, to the west and north, you can resist Yan's control of Zhao, and to the south, you can protect the capital of Qi and block the Chu army. Moreover, the soil here is fertile and the economy is developed, which is beneficial to "fishing". "The profit of salt" and the "abundance of mulberry and grain" make it an important military area for garrisoning troops and raising troops. It is not unreasonable for Han Xin to attack Qi and send Li Zuoche to garrison the king (there are still " Houtun" village name). In the fifth year of Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty (202 BC), after Han Xin was transferred to Chu, Liu Bang, in order to stabilize the situation in Qi, "controlled Yan and Zhao in the north, while hengge with Peng Yue in the southwest" and left " "Che Qi stayed in Qi to rely on him" (in the words of Yi Sunchen of the Ming Dynasty), and was eventually buried here, which is consistent with historical reality. Nowadays, Guangrao County, especially Dawang Town, has the majority surname Li (the town has more than 50,000 people, and the surname Li accounts for about one-third), and the clans are concentrated, and their lineage origins are clearly identifiable. Until the period of the Republic of China, Li Yannian and Li Yutang, the anti-Japanese patriotic generals of the Kuomintang, both came from the same place and the same clan, and were descendants of Li Zuoche. This is also recorded in the "Li Genealogy". Li Zuoche's military strategy thought absorbed the "Know your enemy and yourself, and you will never be defeated in a hundred battles" from "The Art of War", and put forward the tactical principle of using one's own strengths to attack their weaknesses, and created the "first sound, then real" strategy. The strategy of deterring the enemy had a profound impact on later generations