Don't rush him when he is ripe, it looks good when the fire is full.

Huangzhou good pork, the price is as cheap as dirt.

Noble people refuse to eat, and poor people don't know how to cook. They got up early and cooked two bowls, and they were full, regardless of their husbands.

1. When Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou, there was a famous doggerel called Ode to Pork.

2. Precautions:

Sound chúng, iron pot. Qi: y m 4 n, cover it up, cover it up. Wood: firewood, firewood used as fuel, weeds, etc

3. Translation:

Wash the pot, drain a little water, burn firewood to contain the fire, and simmer with a virtual fire that does not emit flames. Don't rush it when it matures. If you have enough calories, it will be delicious naturally. Huangzhou has such good pork, and the price is as cheap as dirt; Rich people refuse to eat and poor people can't cook. I get up in the morning to make two bowls. Never mind that I'm full.

4. Appreciate:

China people always say a dish-"Dongpo elbow" at the dinner table, and sometimes have a good meal. In fact, the Dongpo meat people eat has been greatly improved compared with Su Shi's practice at that time. Such as snow beans, onions, Shao wine, ginger, salt and so on. In Su Shi's time, there could not be so many famous things. However, one thing has not changed from Dongpo's practice today-slow simmering. On the elbow of Meishan Dongpo, move it to low heat and simmer for about 3 hours, and gently poke it with chopsticks until the skin is rotten. It is not known how long Su Dongpo has been stewing. But from Su Shi's Ode to Pork, the core sentence can be found at a glance: "firewood can't afford it"-you see, isn't this the meaning of emphasizing cooking and stewing with small fire? Slow stew is the essence of Dongpo elbow. Without this slow simmering method, the "soul" of Dongpo's elbow will be gone. This is the result of Su Shi's continuous exploration in practice. If you use urgent fire, not only pork is easy to cook, but also the taste and seasoning of meat are not completely cooked. Only when it is gradually boiled with low fire, it is not only easy to digest, but also has a good taste and five flavors. The purpose of the so-called "water shortage" is that when the meat is cooked, the water is just gone, so that the meat cooked is soft, fresh and fragrant, and it melts in the mouth. Or ask, the answer is yes, Dongpo's elbow is stewed with a small fire-as everyone knows. Besides the quality and innovation of gourmets, what other tricks are there? The emergence of Dongpo elbow was due to other factors ("soft power") besides mastering the law of cooking. It should be noted that Su Shi went through a life-and-death exam before stewing Dongpo meat. With a strong sense of responsibility for the country and the nation, he wrote many poems and criticized the rulers, but he was put in prison and almost killed. When he was rescued from death, he was sent to Huangzhou, a lonely place by the imperial court. His living conditions and surrounding environment were bad, especially his embarrassing situation as a famous writer in China, which made him feel bad, decadent and sinking, and it was difficult to cheer up. Under such adversity, how can he sleep well and how sweet the tea and rice are? Su Shi, on the other hand, shows the life interest of an optimist with his tough character. Dongpo Meat and Ode to Pork were born under extremely difficult and bad circumstances. Knowing the scene of Su Shi's escape from life and death, it is not difficult to realize the extraordinary peaceful and optimistic spirit in Ode to Pork. People saw Su Shi quickly adjust his state in adversity and patiently study the cooking art of pork. Wash the Pot-Wash the Pot, which shows the author's meticulous and persistent attitude towards cooking. Don't underestimate these three words, which is the concrete expression of pursuing the cleanest and best cooking effect. It is also a subtle embodiment of his spiritual realm of peace of mind and indifference to honor and disgrace. In addition, the tone of two sentences "familiarity does not rush him, and fire is full of beauty", as well as the words "zi", "mo", "fire is full" and "beauty", all reveal a calm state of mind and show the leisurely image of the cook. Dongpo has entered the country-a creative realm of selfless devotion. He is convinced that his cooking method will achieve the wonderful effect of "self-beauty". Look again, the author's "Huangzhou good pork, the price is as low as dirt. You refuse to eat, and the poor people don't know how to cook. By contrast, it further shows the joy and optimism of inventing new cooking art. He is thinking, in the face of such high-quality pork in Huangzhou, no one can research and create excellent cooking techniques! It can be said that this optimistic and comfortable mood under hardship has become an important prerequisite for Su Shi to create this unique "Dongpo Meat" in China. Let's take a look at Su Shi's learning methods first. Su Shi has a famous method of "being attacked on all sides" in reading. In Answer to the King, he once said: "Every time you read, you have to count too much. Books are like the sea, and department stores have everything. People's energy can't cover everything, but they can get what they need. Therefore, I hope that scholars will make a request every time. If you want to seek the role of ancient sages in the chaotic rise and fall, but if you want to do so, don't give birth to Yu Nian. Don't seek deeds, so it is the same as real laws and cultural relics. He imitated this. Although this is pedantic and blunt, it will be attacked on all sides when you learn it in the future, which is different from amateurs. Not the art of speeding up, ridiculous! Ridiculous! "Su Shi's famous' being attacked on all sides' method is actually a way to review classics and turn over books. Or divide a book into several articles to read, or only pay attention to a certain problem at a time, or pay attention to "the rise and fall of chaos", or focus on "the role of sages", or discuss "deeds are true, laws and cultural relics", so we carefully master historical works in different categories and give play to our own experience. This kind of repeated reading over and over again, in fact, is very similar to adding firewood and burning fire over and over again when the author cooks Dongpo meat, so that the taste of meat and seasoning gradually penetrates into the bone marrow and spreads throughout the people. You see, through reviewing and thinking again and again, Su Shi can think about the various flavors of a book from various angles many times, so as to understand the mystery. On reflection, people will find that there is an inherent consistency between Su Shi's reading and the law of cooking and stewing pork. That is, he said in "Ode to Pork": "Don't wait for him to be cooked, and he will be beautiful when the fire is booming. "Only by constantly and repeatedly practicing what he is doing (seemingly ordinary), the miracle will happen. Su Shi is a genius, but it is hard for ordinary people to imagine that he is such an unrestrained genius, so "clumsy" and so "stupid" when learning and even cooking pork! Some senior scholars at that time didn't understand Su Shi's stupid way of reading and learning. According to volume 34 of Shuo Lan, Zhang, a scholar-bureaucrat who once enjoyed the reputation of Su Shi's father and son, heard that Su Shi was commenting on Hanshu for the second time and asked sarcastically, "Do you have to read it twice? "? Su Shi said: "This old gentleman doesn't know that there are people in the world who have read it many times! "! Zhang once borrowed seventeen histories from others to read, and returned them to him a month later, saying that he had finished reading them. He reads a lot, rote learning, and often memorizes it in his mind at once. However, there is no trace of Zhang in China's masterpieces, and Su Shi, who he thinks is "clumsy" (he has to keep reading Hanshu), has left so many immortal poems in the history of China literature! The reason here is that although Zhang has a good memory, he did not assiduously understand the essence and essence of the book like Su Shi. In other words, he didn't have Su Shi's patience and tenacity in stewing meat, and he didn't realize the gradual and long-term nature of mastering the laws of things. Su Shi is an expert in reading, cooking, living and studying. His secret is to be down-to-earth, be a man step by step, and make a fuss. Look, his skill of self-cultivation: "In ancient times, only people older than today, people who were safe and self-reliant, dared not take their success lightly, so they were as naive as babies. "The weak are well-fed, and the weak are well-fed." ()。 He said that the method of ancient people's cultivation is just like the patience of parents to raise their babies, not impetuous, not excessive, from weak to strong, from empty to full (like the method of stewing Dongpo meat, it is calm and solid. It should be noted that pork skin is hard and thick, and the difficulty of stewing is equivalent to reading Han Shu and cultivating children); This kind of cultivation is the safest and most reliable way to cultivate life. We can see that it is no accident that Su Shi, who knows a lot of theories and is committed to repeated practice, can discover and successfully complete the production of Dongpo Meat, which is closely related to Su Shi's life and study habits. The discussion on this issue did not stop here. What is even more amazing is that Su Shi's braised pork is closely related to his personality and world outlook. He creatively unified stew with life thinking, which was amazing. Look at an interesting quotation from him: "I can taste old Buddhist books, but I can't understand the mystery." I only wash myself with its shallow assumptions. It's useless for farmers to mow the grass, but it's better than not going at all. " If the gentleman in the world, the so-called transcendental metaphysical, I don't know. It used to be self-righteous to say that the ancients were good at Zen, but humble to say that they were shallow. Servants taste ancient stories, and the public talks about eating dragon meat, while servants learn pork, and pigs are different from dragons. But people talk about dragon meat all day, and it is better to eat pork to look good and full. I wonder if you got it from a Buddhist book. For life and death, three times, and then become a Buddha? "(Answer to Bi Zhongju's book) The main idea of this passage is that although Su Shi himself studied Buddhism, he only absorbed the beneficial ingredients ("taking its superficial assumptions ") and did not blindly follow Buddhism. For example, Su Shi doesn't believe in such illusory statements as "life and death, transcending three degrees" and becoming a Buddha. He only wants to use the beneficial elements of Buddhism to benefit his body and mind. Su Shi made an analogy: he called Buddhism "dragon meat" and compared his practical attitude of learning Buddhism to "pork". Dragon meat is beautiful, but no one has seen it or eaten it. Pork may not be as delicious as dragon meat, but it can be seen and tasted. It is not difficult to know that Su Shi has regarded pork as a symbol of life accomplishment and self-transcendence, and formed his own unique "pork view". Knowing this, I appreciate his Ode to Pork: "Clean pot, lack of water, can't afford firewood. "Although' net washing' is to prepare for cooking, it is actually a manifestation of piety and seriousness when doing things or cultivating self-cultivation. Cook the meat is like this, everything has to be like this. Readers can get a glimpse of Su Shi's rigorous and sincere cultivation from this careful "clean washing". " Without water, firewood can't burn "-put a lot of water, and the fire should not be too big or too small, so that the meat can be cooked badly and tastefully. Su Shi told us that in concrete practice, every link should be done safely and carefully, and there should be no carelessness. Through this careful preparation and practical operation, we can see not only the cooking itself, but also a spirit of taking life seriously and cultivating self-cultivation. "Don't rush him when he is ripe, and he will be beautiful when the fire is full. "Boiled pork, as long as the method is proper and stewed slowly, will naturally taste mellow. These two sentences are about cooking meat, and when we think about life, don't we find that it hits the nail on the head for the social life of quick success and instant benefit? A mature understanding of life takes time. If you are ambitious and impetuous, you may get a temporary "victory", but it is actually the end of failure. " Good pork in Huangzhou is as cheap as dirt. If you refuse to eat, the poor can't cook. "The excitement of life often lies in ordinary daily life. As an ordinary food like pork, people don't think there is any mystery in it; It is also easy to overlook the possibility of perfection in household items such as stewed pork. Su Shi's exclamation, besides the pork itself, has another regrettable significance for Lenovo-people are either unwilling or unwilling to deeply understand and tap its potential when facing all kinds of things in life. Readers should understand the profound meaning beyond the feeling of pork from his exclamation-truth, goodness and beauty. In our daily life, discovering and creating beauty is our life mission and happiness, with great potential. Reminiscent of Su Shi's philosophical thinking that eating pork is a symbol of self-cultivation in the above-mentioned answer to Bi Zhongju's book, we may be able to understand the other flavor of these four poems "Huangzhou Good Pork" more deeply. " Get up in the morning and play two bowls, which are full, so don't worry at all. "It is precisely because I am very satisfied with the cooking art I created that the author actually ate two bowls." "Two bowls" not only wrote the satisfaction of appetite, but also wrote the comfort of the soul. The author seems to have anticipated other people's comments and surprises. He said humorously, I eat pork, and my stomach is full of satisfaction, such as fish drinking water, knowing that I am warm and cold. I am beyond my power to be praised or criticized by the outside world. Readers who know Buddhism know that Buddhism stresses "peace of mind", emphasizes belittling external things (including other people's comments) and pays attention to inner stability. Therefore, it can be said that Dongpo's dull ending of "too full for her husband" actually shows his Buddhist cultivation and contains profound life feelings. It is worth noting that when Su Shi recited Ode to Pork, he did not deliberately interpret and explain his life thinking of "Pork View", but between pen and ink, intentionally or unintentionally revealed his Buddhist cultivation and his reference and transformation to Buddhism, which needs to be supplemented. Su Shi's poem "Ode to Pork" seems funny, but in fact it contains a serious theme in humor. The author's praise, of course, includes the enjoyment of taste and self-satisfaction with his own cooking innovation; But when we understand Su Dongpo's difficult situation at that time, we can vaguely see that the poet is an unyielding soul after enjoying delicious food, a philosopher who always pursues higher and deeper feelings in life, and achieves the ideal of "unity of knowledge and action" in daily life and rational thinking. In particular, the author organically combines the art of cooking with the transcendental ideal of life, setting an example for us-pork, pork itself, and others.