Liugou Fenghuang Ancient City is located in Liugou Village, Jingzhuang Town, southeast of Yanqing County, about 10 km away from the southeast of Yanqing County. This is a small mountain village famous for its brazier and tofu feast. The whole village is a homestay.
As soon as I entered the village, I saw red lanterns hanging high and the whole village was clean and tidy. There are many murals on the wall about the process of making tofu, which are very literary. It is said that this place is known as "the most beautiful village in Beijing".
There are records of land in Liugou, as well as records of Tushuo and Yanqing counties. The ancient city was built in the 30th year of Jiaqing (155 1) and has four gates.
Its geographical location is particularly important. It is located in the north of Juyongguan, a little east of Badaling, and the three places form an isosceles triangle (Juyongguan is the long side from Liugou).
It was an important military fortress and the Great Wall Pass in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. There are some ancient walls, ancient wells, Gu Men, ancient temples and ancient trees in the village, but most of them have been seriously damaged.
It is said that there is a section of the Great Wall in Ming and Qing Dynasties, which is the basic form of the Great Wall near the earth. But later, for various reasons, the villagers in the surrounding Shiliba village demolished the bricks of the city wall, carried them on their shoulders and transported them by a big horse-drawn cart. A wall that stretches for miles has become the foundation and courtyard wall of every household. ...
There is no such name as "Phoenix" in historical materials. An article on the Internet said that Liugou City is also called "Phoenix City" because it looks like a phoenix spreading its wings and standing on the top of Xishan Mountain overlooking Liugou City and its east and west.
Rural tourism in Liugou is the leading industry in this village. Before this, Liugou Village was originally an ancient poor mountain village. More than 65,438+0,000 people in this village mainly make a living by farming and have no other sources of income.
On June 65438+1 October12003, several villagers took the lead in putting an iron pot ring on the brazier, handed down hand warmers, put tofu, vermicelli, Chinese cabbage and smoked pork in the casserole, and launched a "hot pot basin and tofu feast", which took the first step of folk tourism reception.
"brazier pot" is mainly vegetarian, with meat and vegetables. Drink soybean milk and eat fresh vegetables grown by local people. The staple food is Wowotou, corn flour and oil cake. ...
There is also a three-color tofu feast steamed in brazier (black bean tofu for nourishing essence and tonifying kidney, mung bean tofu for clearing heat, and soybean tofu in beauty beauty). When making, a main pot is used as the main pot, and pork belly bacon, cabbage, fresh tofu, frozen tofu and fried tofu are added.
There are three auxiliary pots, three small bowls and six cold dishes with peasant characteristics, which means "Three sheep open Thailand, slow and steady, slow and steady".
There are also tofu culture museum, dry boat culture museum, Liugou village history museum and Chinese herbal medicine museum: wormwood garden.
Liugou Tofu Culture Museum mainly introduces the culture and production technology of Liugou Tofu, as well as the classic dishes made by tofu in various places, as well as beans.
By the way, you can also try the steaming fresh tofu that just came out of the oven.
Mao also likes tofu products. Besides stinky tofu, he also likes bean skin. Bean skin is a local snack in rural Hubei. Laotongcheng is famous for its three fresh bean skins. Mao Yi * * * tasted the three fresh bean skins four times and was full of praise every time.
Dr. Sun Yat-sen also advocated eating more tofu and even wrote it into the outline of the founding of the People's Republic of China.
According to Tian Yu, "Tofu, also known as tofu, was made by Liu Anzao, the king of Huainan." Liu An is the grandson of Liu Bang in the Western Han Dynasty.
Ben of Li Shizhen in Ming Dynasty
There is also a description in Compendium of Materia Medica that "the method of tofu began with Liu An, the Emperor of the Han Dynasty".
Liu An originally wanted to develop an elixir of life, but he developed tofu. Tofu is nutritious, not only delicious, but also a good medicine. Eating tofu regularly can tonify the middle energizer, clear away heat and moisten dryness, promote fluid production to quench thirst, clean the stomach and intestines, strengthen the body, and prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Tofu is divided into south tofu and north tofu according to different materials. South tofu is usually made of gypsum, so South tofu is very delicate. Beidoufu is generally made of brine, which is what we often call "brine tofu". Different people have different tastes and choices.
But whether it is South Tofu or North Tofu, the ancients have been full of praise for them:
Su Dongpo, a great poet, has a famous phrase "Boiling bean cream crisp", and Lu You has a poem "Tofu": "Wipe the bowl pile, wash the kettle and cook Li Qi", "The new rice is as smooth as a pearl, and the spinning is as soft as crisp". They are all famous sentences praising tofu.
Zheng Yunduan, a poet in the Yuan Dynasty, wrote a famous tofu poem: "When you plant beans in Shannan, the old pods are fresh with frost. Mill jade milk and cook it as a clear spring. The color is crisp and clean than the soil, and the fragrance is thicker than the stone marrow. The taste is more beautiful, and jade food should not be passed on. "
In Qing Dynasty, Su's poem Ode to Tofu described tofu most aptly and meaningfully. Poetry says: Huainan is a skill, and the skin disappears and the essence is seen. A round of grinding nectar, boiling soup rolling snowflakes. A toad dipped in a crock has a shadow, but a golden knife cuts jade flawless. Who knows the taste, mostly on monks and Taoists.
Since the advent of tofu, people have made tofu into hundreds of tofu dishes, such as Mapo tofu, Jiande tofu bag, Qufu smoked tofu, Changsha stinky tofu, casserole tofu, boiled tofu, Huizhou hairy tofu, Dongpo tofu, onion mixed tofu, loach drilled tofu, Chinese cabbage tofu soup, spinach tofu soup, stewed frozen tofu with sauerkraut vermicelli, dried tofu with pepper, and tofu skewers.
There are not only bean curd feasts in China, but also bean curd festivals and bean curd cultures. Tofu quickly spread all over the world, greatly enriching the table culture of people all over the world.
In 757 AD, when monk Jian Zhen of the Tang Dynasty traveled to Japan, he brought the technology of making tofu to Japan, and the Japanese regarded Jian Zhen as their ancestor. When it comes to China's tofu, the Japanese always praise it with reverence, calling it "tofu from the Tang Dynasty" and claiming to be the successor of Huainan Hall.
Now tofu has become one of the most important foods in their families in Vietnam, Thailand, South Korea, Japan and other countries!
Liugou Dry Boat Culture Museum mainly introduces that Liugou dry boat culture originated from the people, and 20 14 was listed in the national intangible cultural heritage list. It shows the unique dry boats and costumes in each period.
If you come to Liugou during the Dragon Boat Festival, you can also wrap zongzi in Liugou, tie colorful ropes, hang wormwood as a sachet and enjoy flowers. You can also experience the "Yanqing Dry Boat" in Liugou Cultural Square and feel the unique charm of China traditional culture.
Liugou Village History Museum mainly displays the historical relics of Liugou Village and introduces the local rural situation, which is very interesting.
About Liugou Tofu: From soaking soybeans, beating and deslagging to making tofu and molding, every process is very particular.
Unlike other places where tofu is ordered with brine, tofu here is ordered with sour sauce. After tofu is taken out of the pot, the slurry left in the pot is fermented, which is called "sour slurry".
Legend has it that there is a big family named Guo in the local area. Children are filial to the elderly and grind soy milk for the elderly every day. Once, the old man put a little vinegar in the soybean milk, and the soybean milk became a lump. Remove the water and press it into tofu. Therefore, the Guo family set up a tofu workshop, and ordered fermented sour tofu. The whole village likes it.
With the popularity of Lao Guo Tofu Workshop, many people came to learn this art, and the reputation of Liugou Tofu spread.
Wormwood Garden is a Chinese herbal medicine cultural park with ancient fragrance and charm. The courtyard wall is a picture of yin and yang and five elements of traditional Chinese medicine and a mural of quotations from famous doctors.
The room is divided into Chinese herbal medicine specimen display area, medicinal local product specimen display area and wormwood culture display area.
More than 300 local Chinese herbal medicine specimens were collected in the Chinese herbal medicine specimen exhibition area. More than 100 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines are planted outdoors, which is a vibrant fresh medicine garden.
There is also a Town God Temple and a big stage in the village, and a temple fair will be held during the New Year, which is very lively.
In history, many literati shed immortal poems in Liugou, the most famous of which was written by Nalan Xingde, a great talent in the early Qing Dynasty.
At that time, Emperor Kangxi often sent Nalan Xingde to patrol the Great Wall to appease the border guards. At the age of 23, he was ordered to patrol the border. Liugou City was one of the horse grazing areas of that year.
Nanxiangzi Liugou Xiaofa was written in Liugou City, one of the "four places" recorded in the history of Qing Dynasty, north of Badaling.
"The light shadow accompanies the shuttle, and the weaver girl still complains about the river. The morning sun is far away from the mountain, and the green snail. Looking back, I think of Cuie. I have been a sad guest. More than half of the autumn boudoir is expected. I should be mad all my life, transverse wave. Can you be a mandarin duck? "
Liugou City is surrounded by mountains on three sides, forming a dustpan shape. "Green snail" is a metaphor for mountains in the word. Because Liugou City is backed by Nanshan and looks at a mountain in the north, such as Zhuquetong, the poet used the sentence in Liu Yuxi's poem "Looking at Dongting": "Looking at Dongting in the distance, there are green snails in the silver plate." The word "green snail in Xiaoyuan Mountain" in Liugou City is very vivid.
Later researchers thought the word was Liugou in Gansu, and most of them thought it was Liugou City in Beijing.
In the 19th year of Kangxi (1680), when the poet was 26 years old, he wrote another poem, Nanxiangzi, to express his different feelings: "Where can I quench Wu Gou? This is an abandoned city. It used to be a dragon battlefield, and it was chilly. The grass is covered with frost, and the autumn wind is everywhere. Think of yourself as idle, and you will always grow old together. Don't change your youth and be young. How many heroes only waste mountains. "