Recently, Li Xigui, vice president of the Chinese Education Society, principal of Beijing No. 1 Experimental School, and president of the New School Research Association, delivered a speech entitled " "Educational Modernization and Teacher Professional Transformation" speech.

In his speech, Principal Li Xigui put forward his own views on how education should take the lead in modernization and how teachers can achieve modernization. He believes that education will take the lead in realizing modernization in 2035, which is fundamentally the modernization of students. If students want to modernize, they require teachers to realize modernization first, which requires teachers to become emotional managers, builders of harmonious relationships, leaders, and have a growth mindset.

Redefining the nature of teachers’ labor:

Teachers have advanced from mental workers to emotional workers

Today has reached the point where it is necessary to redefine the nature of teachers’ labor. period. In the past we have always said that we are intellectuals and mental workers. But today, do we still dare to say that we are intellectuals and mental workers? Nowadays, the average academic level of your students’ parents is higher than that of their teachers; walking on the streets of Shenzhen, can you see a person carrying a big bag or pulling a rickshaw? When we say that we are intellectuals, it is no longer appropriate to use the term "mental workers" to distinguish teachers from practitioners in other industries. So, how do we define the nature of teachers’ labor today? I would like to say that the nature of teachers’ labor today is more of an emotional labor.

If you are an investor, a practitioner in the fund or securities industry, every decision you make may bring huge risks. With the rapid development of the tertiary industry, you need to control your emotions and guide your decisions. There are more and more types of emotional jobs. In some service-oriented positions, we often see that some customers make unreasonable demands, but employees in these industries can always maintain a calm mood and neither be humble nor overbearing... Are they naturally good-tempered? Not necessarily. They have received professional training and refined judgments of various situations before they can restrain their emotions and actively guide the communication partners.

For the teaching industry, compared to other industries, teachers may be required to manage their emotions more now. Teachers must manage their own emotions well, so that this emotion can occur to the right person in a timely and appropriate manner, so as to affect the growth of the other person. Do we have training for this kind of emotional management and emotional labor? Do our textbooks and subject categories have such a design? It can be said that we still have a long way to go in this direction.

As for emotional management, we must first establish some basic values. Only with the guidance of these basic values ??can we have a solid foundation for emotional management. These basic values ??include the view of human nature, the view of rights and responsibilities, and the view of problems.

●?View of human nature

First of all, let’s talk about the view of human nature. How to determine the view of human nature? In fact, there is a devil and an angel living in everyone's heart at the same time. The devil sleeps and behaves like an angel; the angel takes a nap and behaves like a devil. Awakening the angelic and bright side of students' human nature, and then allowing students to show others and serve society with a sunny and positive side, is the power of education. How to let students carry forward the glorious and beautiful side of human nature and curb the devilish side of human nature, we must use a strategy in education - diverting attention. That is to say, when teachers discover the shortcomings, disadvantages, and shortcomings of students, they should not just focus on the shortcomings and problems of the students, but immediately change their focus to explore the strengths and potentials of the students, and improve the students' abilities. The angelic side slowly drives the devilish side of his humanity to disappear. This is the most important strategy in education. It is also a basis for improving educational efficiency.

●?The concept of choice

Second, the concept of choice. The reason is simple. Take job promotion as an example. As your position increases, your responsibilities increase, but your personal rights continue to decrease. For example, in the West, do presidents and prime ministers have privacy? No. Why? Because as their status improves, society's requirements for them will become more and more stringent. Therefore, the individual rights granted by law will become smaller and smaller.

Maybe more of you here are teachers. You came to the school as a teacher from a college student. You will lose a lot of personal rights. For example, you can wear whatever clothes and shoes you like in college, which is fashionable and expresses your personality. However, in school, the principal may remind you that dressing like this is inappropriate and has a bad impact on students. Including what books you read, if you put them on your desk, students will see them immediately when they come to you for tutoring. Then what books you read will affect the students. When you are in college, when you see a hot topic in society, you can give pointers, inspire words, and judge at will. But in school, you need to think about the core values ??of socialism. You have to think about what kind of talents we want to cultivate? How to help talents grow? In the past, when you encountered danger, you were a college student and you could escape first, but today you have to consider students first. In the past, when you were angry, you could vent your emotions at will, but today you need to manage your emotions well.

Therefore, after we know this, as our responsibilities and status increase, we will know that some of our rights will definitely be lost, then our mentality will be peaceful, and we will know that parents and children have a clear relationship with each other. We demand too much because of our concept of rights and responsibilities.

●?Problem View

Third, problem view. What do we need to learn from problem perspective? Learn to make peace with problems. The world is actually made up of problems. If there were no problems, the world would cease to exist. Besides, when there are problems, we will think about solving them. There are many problems that need to be solved with the development of this era, politics, economy, and society, as well as changes in time and conditions. If it is a problem in the system, the system needs to be optimized to solve it.

For example, it was previously reported that some parents of primary school students in Beijing did not hesitate to bribe the entire class in order to have their children rated as "three good students". Many teachers were very angry about this and held meetings every day. Group education for parents, but can this really solve the problem? I don't think it can be solved well. To solve this problem, we may need to change the selection method of "three good students". What needs to be changed is the selection method of one person, one vote. Therefore, it is a systemic problem that cannot be solved by "one person gives an injection and a group takes medicine." Personalized issues still need to be resolved individually. Because some problems are problems in children's growth, and they need to wait for the flowers to bloom.

In daily family education, parents must also prevent improper education methods from curbing their children's nature. For example, two- and three-year-old children like to lie and make snitches, etc. These problems actually bear distinct traces of the child’s age, which children of this age will definitely have because their logical thinking and judgment abilities have not yet grown up. A word of criticism from a parent may stifle a child's imagination. This kind of imagination should be protected by teachers and parents. It is abnormal if a child says something that is beyond his or her age or does something that is beyond his or her age. Children should be allowed to learn norms through freedom. Children will not learn to understand rules through norms.

There are also some things, such as early childhood love among children in junior high school, excessive close contact between men and women, liking to wear strange clothes, and doing their hair differently from others. These are actually very normal. This shows that his sexual consciousness has awakened. Don’t worry about this child. There will be no problem in getting married and having children in the future. He is sound. When children have these problems, we only need scientific guidance and not blindly block them. This is what our work is about.

●?The value of teachers

Teachers will encounter many problems in their career, but teachers need to understand that the value of teachers is not reflected through external evaluation. If a teacher can only feel the meaning of his work through external evaluation, there is a problem. He will never be able to enter the kingdom of freedom. Freedom is not about pursuing others’ approval. If one’s own value can only pass through the external evaluation system, then teachers can only become slaves to evaluation.

Beijing No. 11 School positions the teaching profession this way: We believe that teachers shoulder the sacred responsibility of shaping students’ spiritual lives. Teaching is the most complex advanced labor in the world. The profession of teachers not only inherits the past, but also creates the future. We must put our value in students.

We must look back at our results from our students. Only then can you truly know the meaning of the position of teacher. If we forget our students and our responsibilities to them, we may fall into confusion and confusion.

Since teachers are emotional workers, we must plan and control our emotions. First, we need to understand how many emotions people have. There are more than ten kinds of human emotions and fears, such as joy, sadness, disgust, anger, etc. How do you control it and not get angry? How can you control yourself so that you can have more joy? There is a lot of learning in this. I will share with you a few small strategies, such as the "4X4" working method, first inhale for four seconds, then calm down for four seconds, then exhale for four seconds, and then calm down for four seconds. Basically, the intense or angry or fearful The mood will be reduced by 80.

There is also something called the ninety-second rule. When we are experiencing stress, we need ninety seconds to allow the brain and body to completely "clean themselves." Includes thirty seconds to count. Breathe deeply for thirty seconds. Thirty seconds of physical squeezing will basically make the pressure you experience inside disappear.

If a student breaks classroom discipline in class, if you criticize him directly, it will intensify the antagonism between the student and you. When encountering such a situation, you should set rules. When you remind this student to abide by the class rules, you are educating the entire class to abide by the rules. In this way, you also avoid a direct conflict with the students. It is also an exchange for students. Teachers in the new era need to have growth thinking experience Reflection = Growth

If the students we train have particularly low growth, they will not be able to face a world of high uncertainty. In teaching, we found that people who have cultivated the learning habits and abilities of all living beings often have a growth mindset. Then teachers should have a growth mindset.

In 2017, a Deloitte study on the reasons why young people working in multinational companies left their jobs showed that 70% of young people left their jobs because they could not continue to grow in their original positions, not because of salary and benefits. . What does this phenomenon tell us? In today's society, only occupations with a high degree of integration of work and study can be favored by young people of this era. If the job involves simple labor, such as collecting tolls on a highway or counting money as a bank teller, and these occupations do not add many skills, then this industry will gradually become less popular among young people. So, how can we grow ourselves at work?

●?Experience, reflection = growth

The first is that experience plus reflection equals growth. Many of us have worked for five or six years to gain experience in dawdling. After working like this for five or six years, we retire. This is an important reason why we cannot grow. Only by constantly reflecting and overthrowing ourselves can we grow. Romain Rolland has a famous saying that is often ignored by everyone. He said, "Most people die in their twenties or thirties, because after this age, they are just a shadow of themselves. After that, they spend the rest of their lives imitating themselves day after day, more mechanically, and more pretentiously. Repeat what they did, what they thought, what they loved and hated during their lifetime. "Only by constantly reflecting can we gain something.

●?Y=F(X)

Secondly, growth must be based on advanced standards and role models. Everyone knows that Franklin is a role model in the minds of Americans. He set 13 standards for himself when he was very young. After that, he would reincarnate three weeks at a time. Then we benchmark and review each item one by one every week, and continuously improve and improve. This is benchmarking. If young teachers want to grow, they must find an ideal teacher in their mind. Especially the teachers around you, benchmark against them, or even use the advantages of several teachers to form your own standards, and then adapt to them.

There is also a formula: Y=F(X), internal attribution, which is a famous "I want to like you" tool in diplomacy. Making ourselves the independent variable, we are all X. We must learn to internalize attribution and don’t regard ourselves as Y. We must first change ourselves before we can change our students, family members, and colleagues. If we change, students will definitely change. If we look for problems in ourselves, it will make sense as soon as we think about it; if we look for problems in others, we will go crazy as soon as we think about it.

For example, if students plagiarize homework seriously, this may be because you have assigned homework that is not hierarchical; homework completion on weekends and holidays is not satisfactory, possibly because you have assigned too many written assignments, which are observational, experiential, and There are too few analytical homework assignments; there is no time to correct the assignments you assign. It may be that your assignments are unscientific, so you need to reflect on whether you have assigned too much homework. This is "why most people want to change the world and have lofty ideals, but only a very small number of people have the reasons to change themselves, and it is these people who change the world."

●? Solution

Third, it is necessary to both think and form a solution. There is a story that a patient came to the emergency department of Beijing 301 Hospital. The patient accidentally ate a cockroach. He was worried that the cockroach would not die, so he took the cockroach medicine on his own initiative. This is a typical example of one-minded thinking. He didn't think of a way to kill the cockroach and save his own life.

In another case, a five or six-year-old child asked the police for help looking for his father in the park. It turned out that the father and son were playing a hide-and-seek game. In order to prevent the child from finding him, the father hid in the lotus pond. The father actually used Reeds breathe in the water. This is also one-minded thinking. This is not allowed in education. Education in the new era requires teachers to become leaders and possess leadership skills

Management is the most important ability of a teacher. The students and parents faced by a teacher are flat, and complex and changeable situations are a big challenge to the teacher's leadership ability. The reason why current classroom teaching is unsatisfactory is that we have not seriously studied how teachers can improve their ability to lead students' learning. .

How to improve teachers’ ability to lead students’ learning? There are three paths as follows.

●? Transformation goals

First, teachers should guide students to transform teaching goals into students’ learning goals. Teachers can write the goals on the whiteboard to let students clarify their learning goals. If teachers can design challenging learning tasks, they should first write the goals on the whiteboard so that students can clarify their learning goals.

●?Design tasks

The second is to design challenging learning tasks and let students become the masters of evaluating their own learning effects. The classroom effect will be much better. For example, here is a question: There is an elephant in the zoo whose trunk is injured and broken, making life very inconvenient. The director heard that you are professional biomedical engineers and hopes that you can help the injured elephant’s trunk get better. , so that he can live a better life.

When students get such a question, they want to study what biomedical engineering is all about. If they want to study it, they must use biomedical and engineering thinking to solve it. These are possible roles for students. If our students have nine years of education, they can do all of these roles. We say that his understanding of the world is relatively comprehensive. The purpose of our education is to help him understand the world on campus. When he gets to know the world and goes into society, he will be able to deal with many ups and downs skillfully.

●?Master consciousness

Third, let students become the masters of assessment learning. This is the best way to assess learning outcomes.

●?Big Heart

Fourth, finally, I end today’s report with a picture. This is a teacher who went to see a doctor. The doctor said that your heart is slightly larger than an ordinary person's because you are a teacher. Here, what I want to say is that the past work was related to muscles, the agricultural economy era, labor, and the next generation's work is related to the brain and intelligence, but the work of the future will be related to the heart, and teachers need a "big heart."