2. Source: On Mencius and Li Lou.

3. Excerpts from the original text:

Mencius said: Can an unreasonable person talk to you? Be prepared for danger in times of peace and benefit from it, and be happy for the dead. If you are unkind and can talk, you will lose your country and your family! There is a monk who sings: the clear water of surging waves can lead me to tassel; The water in the rough waves is so turbid that it can be used to drown my feet. Confucius said: the boy listens to it and knows it clearly; Turbidity is enough. You deserve it. The wife will insult herself, and then others will insult her; The family will destroy itself, and then people will be destroyed; The country will cut itself, and then the people will cut themselves. Tai Jia said: Heaven does evil, but it can still be violated; You can't live if you commit a crime. This is also called.

4. Extract translation:

Mencius said: how can an inhuman person talk to him about benevolence? Others are in danger, he is indifferent, others suffer disasters, but he takes advantage of the fire to rob and takes pleasure in the tragic disasters suffered by others. If an inhuman person can talk to him, how can there be a matter of national subjugation and extinction? A child sang: clear blue water can be used to wash my crown tassel; Turbid and surging water can be used to wash feet. Confucius said: Listen, disciples! Clean water washes the crown and tassels, and muddy water washes the feet, all by the water itself.

Man must have insulted himself before others insulted him; The home must be destroyed by itself, and others will be destroyed; This country must have been punished by itself before others came to punish it. "Tai Jia" said: There is a great disaster from heaven, but you can still avoid it, and you can't live if you do evil. That's what I'm saying.

Extended data:

1, author profile

Mencius (about 3765438 BC+0 BC-289 BC), Ji surnamed Meng, surnamed Ke, with unknown font size (the words "and" Zi Ju "were all from fake books or invented by later generations), and Zou Guo (now Zoucheng City, Shandong Province) was a Warring States. A famous philosopher, thinker, politician and educator in the Warring States period, one of the representatives of Confucianism, was second only to Confucius, and was also called "Confucius and Mencius" with Confucius.

The Original Road by Han Yu listed Mencius as a Confucian figure who inherited the Confucian orthodoxy in the pre-Qin period, while the Yuan Dynasty posthumously awarded Mencius as "elegant Gong Sheng" and respected him as "elegant saint". Mencius is a collection of essays compiled by Mencius and his disciples, which advocates "benevolence-oriented". Representative works include "I want what I want" and "If you get it, you will get more help, and if you lose it, you will get less help".

2. Explanation of words

Zhu (zāi): Same as "disaster".

Canglang: These four sentences are Chu songs, and Canglang refers to the upper reaches of the Hanshui River.

Fringe: Ribbon on the left and right sides of a hat, used to tie it under the chin to prevent it from falling off.

Baidu encyclopedia-Mencius

Baidu Encyclopedia-Mencius Li Lou