In the history of China, the five emperors attacked the Buddha and caused disasters four times, which is called "Three Martial Arts and One Case to Destroy the Buddha". The story is different, but the ending is surprisingly similar, which is also an amazing warning to those who are repeating the same mistakes today.
First place: Tuoba Tao, Emperor Wutai of Northern Wei Dynasty.
In the Northern Dynasties, Emperor Tuoba Tao of the Northern Wei Dynasty (sound: Tao, Xianbei nationality) led Tiemaping to unify the North. At that time, Buddhism spread widely, and many people became monks and practiced. In 438, a decree was issued to secularize monks under the age of 50 to solve the problem of soldiers; In 444, monks were expelled on the grounds of "superstitious activities" in Buddhism (Zhao Yue: "Fake Xirong leads to evil"). In 446, at the suggestion of Ho Choi, a senior official, the most severe law of destroying Buddhism was promulgated: breaking and burning Buddha statues and Buddhist scriptures, tearing down monasteries and burying monks alive. At that time, the prince who believed in Buddhism repeatedly went to the table to remonstrate, but he didn't issue the imperial edict. A few days after some monks escaped, they began to smash pagodas, destroy Buddha statues (make money), burn Buddhist scriptures and kill monks and nuns ... The whole country was nervous.
Perhaps Ho Choi, who did not listen to his colleagues' advice and tried his best to promote the Buddhist movement, followed the law of "God wants to destroy it, he must first make it crazy" and embarked on a tragic ending. Ho Choi, a Han Chinese, thinks highly of his work and despises Xianbei nobles. He used huge sums of money to carve his own books and the national history he edited into a forest of steles, exposing the ugliness of the country and angering the powerful. The emperor personally interrogated Ho Choi, who was more talented than Sean, but admitted that he was confused and could not cope with it. In 450, the old ministers of the Three Dynasties and their three in-laws were destroyed. Suffering from torture and humiliation before death, people shouted all the way. At that time, people said that he was rewarded for destroying Buddha.
Two years later, Emperor Mao was killed by eunuchs at the age of 44. His two sons (Prince and Gongzong) also died at the hands of eunuchs.
After Wen Chengdi succeeded to the throne in 452, he saved his grandfather's mistakes and revived Buddhism. It was his imperial edict that built Yungang Grottoes. From then on, the country was rich and the people were safe, which laid the foundation for the revival of Emperor Xiaowen of Wei.
Second place: Yu Wenyong, Emperor of the Northern Zhou Dynasty.
At the end of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Emperor Yuwen Yong of the Northern Zhou Dynasty was brave and good at fighting. In 575 (at the age of 32), he personally applied for Beiqi, and at the age of 34, he reunified the North.
In 574, Yuwen Yong threatened not to be afraid of going to hell, but to destroy Buddhism, Taoism, Buddhist scriptures, Buddha statues and Buddhism. After the Northern Qi Dynasty was destroyed, Buddhism and Taoism were banned in the former Northern Qi Dynasty, 40,000 monasteries were sealed up as mansions, Buddhist relics were burned down, and 3 million monks and nuns were forced to return to the customs, which almost wiped out northern Buddhism. In June of the following year, the Northern Expedition to Turkey was completed, but Emperor Wu died of sudden illness at the age of 35.
The Northern Zhou Dynasty destroyed the Buddha, and the disaster did not stop there! Yu Wenyun, a 0/9-year-old prince, was cruel and dissolute after he ascended the throne. The following year, he gave way to his 6-year-old son who joined the harem and died at the age of 22. The youngest son succeeded to the throne, and the power fell to his grandfather Emperor Wen of Sui. In 58 1 year, Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty abolished the Northern Zhou Dynasty and established the Sui Dynasty. In less than two years, 43 descendants of Yuwen royal family became extinct, and the rest of Yuwen royal family were basically killed.
Third place: Ethan, Tang Gaozu
The war at the end of Sui Dynasty, history repeats itself. In 6 18, Li Yuan replaced the Sui Dynasty to establish the Tang Dynasty, just like his uncle Sui Wendi copied Zhou Jiansui, but Li Yuan did not have the tradition of his uncle believing in Buddhism.
In 626, the Taishi ordered Fu Yiqi to destroy the Buddha, which was urgent. Li Yuan, despite the opposition of most courtiers, issued an imperial edict in May: "The three temples in Beijing keep two. In every other state in the world, one other temple and Taoist temple has been demolished, and only diligent Buddhist and Taoist disciples are provided, and the others are secularized. At that time, there were only more than 300 state capitals in the Tang Dynasty, but there were more than 5,000 temples, 500,000 monks and nuns and nearly 100 Buddhist caves in China, which meant that more than 90% of the temples were destroyed and 460,000 monks and nuns were deprived of their faith.
However, in June, the Xuanwu Gate incident happened, and Li Shimin was responsible for it, but the imperial edict was not implemented. If this is not the case, I am afraid that if Buddhism is destroyed again, the history of the prosperous Tang Dynasty will be rewritten.
Fourth place: Tang Wuzong Liyan
Tang Wuzong Li Yan believed in Taoism and became king at the age of 26. In August of the fifth year of Huichang (845), after an in-depth investigation, Buddhist temples began to be destroyed. The imperial edict demolished more than 4,600 temples and 40,000 small temples, and burned a large number of Buddhist scriptures. The burning of Buddha statues into money forced more than 260,000 monks and nuns to return to the secular world, and ancient Indian and Japanese monks were not spared. Foreign Islam, Zoroastrianism, Manichaeism, Nestorianism and Uighur also suffered together, and the corresponding temples were demolished, leaving 70 Manichae women in Beijing homeless and committing suicide. Most Uighurs died on the way to be deported ... History said Huichang destroyed Buddha.
The flourishing age of the Tang Dynasty was also the flourishing age of Buddhism, which declined in the late Tang Dynasty and remained deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. The destruction of Buddhism by Wu Zong has lost people's hearts, and some local governments have not implemented it at all, saying that "the son of heaven will destroy it and burn it." At the beginning of the political chaos, the "Huichang Zhongxing", which was stable and the society improved slightly, gradually subsided after four public grievances. The following year, it was circulated among the people that Wuzong killed Buddha and lost his life 10 year. Soon Wu Zong died suddenly, at the age of 32.
The law of historical cycle reappears at this time. Ming Taizu (sound: Chen, Xuanzong)' s first major event after his accession to the throne was to completely "rehabilitate" the monks and nuns in the temple. Since then, the voice of repairing abandoned temples has been heard all over the world.
Xuanzong likes to imitate Emperor Taizong. He resumed Buddhism, just as Emperor Taizong abolished the policy of destroying Buddhism after he ascended the throne. Xuanzong reigned for 13 years, made great efforts to make the country rich and the people strong, and achieved peace and stability, which was called "the rule of the great and the middle" in history. Xuanzong also got the reputation of "Little Taizong", and the history books remained fragrant and sang for the people.
Fifth place: Chai Rong, Zhou Shizong.
Chai Rong, known as the first sage of the Five Dynasties in post-Zhou Shizong, was invincible in all-round reform and territorial expansion, but why was it so short-lived? What if you lose your family and business?
In fact, history has given the answer. Later, Song Taizu and Song Taizong took this as a warning and created the prosperity of the Song Dynasty.
In the second year of Chai Rong's succession, in May, 955, the Buddhist temple was destroyed. Except for the Buddhist temple inscribed by the emperor, there is only one in each county, and everything else is destroyed. A total of 30,360 temples were demolished nationwide, and nearly one million monks and nuns were forced to return to the secular world.
When Buddhism flourished, many people dared not destroy the Buddha statue. Chai Rong explained: "Buddha is Buddha, like a statue. Even the flesh and eyes of the Buddha can be given, and the Buddha will pay for the Buddha. " In the North Temple of Zhenduo (now Zhengding County, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province), there is a bronze statue of Guanyin Bodhisattva, which is extremely effective. The people who smashed the Buddha statue all broke their wrists and died. No one dared to move again. Chai Rong personally cut the bodhisattva's chest with a big axe ――28-year-old commander-in-chief of the imperial army Zhao Kuangyin (later Song Taizu) and his younger brother 16 Zhao Kuangyi (later Song Taizong) witnessed this history.
Chai Rong asked Wang Pu, who is proficient in mathematics, "How many years can I live?" Wang pu replied: "I don't know after 30 years." Chai Rong was happy because he mistakenly thought he could live for 30 years. Wang pu, on the other hand, has another meaning. Chai Rong was in office for five years and six months, which means "five, six and thirty".
The picture comes from the internet.
In 959, Chai Rongbing took Youzhou, and the battlements of the border Khitan all looked down at the wind, and the Fanbu even fled at night. Driving to Waqiaoguan, Chai Rong climbed up to see the Sixth Division and asked the person who came to offer wine and meat: "What is this place?" Right: "It has been passed down from generation to generation, and it is called Sick Dragon Platform." Chai Rong silently, immediately mounted and ran back. I was ill that night and my chest ached badly.
Chai Rong once dreamed that the man of God gave him a big golden umbrella and a roll of Tao Jing, and then he won the world. On the night of his illness, he dreamed that the man of God had taken the golden umbrella and Tao Jing. He woke up and said, "My dream is ominous. Isn't it fate? " Soon, the chest sore festered and died. At that time, it was reported that the Buddha statue was destroyed and the statue was cut down.
Less than 1 years ago, Chai Rong's 5-year-old son succeeded to the throne and was captured by his court commander Zhao Kuangyin.
A few years ago, when Chai Rong destroyed the Buddha, Zhao Kuangyin, commander-in-chief of the imperial army, visited the monk Mayi. Zhao Kuangyin said: "It is not the blessing of the country to destroy the Buddha and the statue now." Ma Yi said, "Have you forgotten the disaster caused by the three martial arts to destroy the Buddha?" Zhao asked when the world would be decided. Ma Yi said, "God should come from between Chen Shen and Shen Shen, and Buddhism will flourish." Later, Zhao Kuangyin ascended the throne on the first day of the first month in Gengshen, and his prediction came true.
Chai Rong's retribution was witnessed after learning the lesson of "Three Musts" to destroy Buddha. After Zhao Kuangyin acceded to the throne, he abolished Chai Rong's policy of destroying Buddha and built Buddhist temples and Buddha statues many times. In 19971year, Chai Rongqin cut the Zhou Zhen ancient temple of Buddha statue, Zhao Kuangyin wrote to expand longxing temple, and cast a bronze statue of Guanyin with thousands of hands and eyes (42 arms in total, 22 meters high), which is the origin of Zhengding Buddhist Temple today. Song Taizong and Zhao Guangyi, successors, respected Buddhism even more. With the revival of Buddhism, the economy of the Song Dynasty moved towards unprecedented prosperity.