Teaching Plan for High School Politics Compulsory Course 4 "Guide to a Better Life"

Teaching Preparation

Teaching Objectives

1. Knowledge Objectives

◇Understanding: (1) Philosophy is around us

(2) The original meaning and mission of philosophy

◇Analysis: (1) Connect with the life around you and analyze it Philosophical Thoughts

(2) List people’s specific world views and analyze the meaning of philosophy

2. Ability goals:

(1) Through understanding of the philosophy around us Analysis, cultivating the ability to see the essence through phenomena

(2) Cultivating interdisciplinary comprehensive abilities through the analysis of the historical origins of philosophical thoughts

(3) Through the understanding of philosophy and worldview Analyze the relationship between the three pairs of , methodology and specific knowledge to cultivate the ability of dialectical thinking

(4) Cultivate the ability to analyze problems through the understanding of life examples, philosophical stories and philosophers’ opinions around you

　3. Emotions, attitudes, values ??Goals:

Through the analysis of the emergence of philosophy and the relationship between philosophy and life, we can enhance our understanding of philosophy and ideological identity

Teaching Important and difficult points

1. Philosophy and the study of love for wisdom

2. Philosophy arises from human practical activities and from people’s questioning and thinking about the world

Teaching Tools

Electronic whiteboard

Teaching process

The introduction of humans and animals is different. Animals just "live" instinctively, while human life should be a life that is thought through and has clear goals and meanings. If people want to live a meaningful and valuable life, they should examine and think about the world in which they live and life itself. For this we need not only concrete scientific knowledge, but also philosophical knowledge. What is the relationship between philosophy and our lives? What is philosophy? What does philosophy study? What is the relationship between philosophy and specific science? Understanding these issues can enable us to enter philosophy, consciously pursue wisdom, and create a more beautiful life.

Question: What is philosophy? Have you discovered philosophical principles in the examples around you? Students give examples around them and talk about the philosophy contained in them to form preliminary concepts

Stimulate interest and introduce new lessons

There are philosophical inquiry questions everywhere in life: how to view rankings

When a high school student talked about the "dual nature of rankings", he said: "We can neither blindly promote rankings nor blindly promote rankings." Simply deny the rankings. As a student, if you treat the rankings with a one-sided view, you will be complacent and complacent if you are ranked first, and you will be discouraged and depressed if you are ranked behind, you will stagnate or even regress; if you understand your learning strength and ability through rankings, If we know the gap between ourselves and others, make use of our strengths and avoid weaknesses, there will be a vivid situation in which the advanced are more advanced and the less advanced are catching up with the advanced."

Question (1) People often have different opinions on the issue of ranking. Same, why is this? (2) Why should we see the "duality" of rankings? (3) Connect similar examples in life and talk about the relationship between life and philosophy. Students explore knowledge and express their own opinions through case analysis of philosophical principles

Summary (1) People have different opinions on the ranking issue, mainly because people have different ways of thinking.

(2) Everything has two sides, requiring us to look at it in two. Looking at the ranking issue one-sidedly is not conducive to improving one's own learning level.

(3) A comprehensive way of thinking itself is a kind of philosophical wisdom. When looking at others and analyzing yourself, you should adhere to a divided point of view. This shows that life and philosophy are closely related.

Lead students to discover that their philosophy classmates around them also know examples that contain philosophy, and students continue to explain their findings to deepen their understanding of the philosophy around them

***Explore the philosophy around them together

Questions to explore and deepen: Do you know the idioms and allusions that students know? Do you know the truths they contain? Students express the idioms and allusions they know and their famous quotes to raise their understanding of philosophy to a theoretical level

　Example

Deepen understanding of the problem: Are people born with these philosophical thoughts and philosophical wisdom? If not, then where does it come from? Students discuss in groups and express their opinions. Communication and exploration of the source of philosophy

Communication summary (1) The wisdom of philosophy comes from human practical activities.

(2) Philosophy originates from people’s questioning of practice and thinking about the world.

Explore the origin of philosophy. Teacher’s lecture. Philosophy arises from the objective material activities of human beings understanding the world and transforming the world, that is, from people’s practical activities.

Philosophy begins by looking up at the sky. There must be a moment in everyone's childhood, perhaps on a summer night, when they look up and suddenly discover the vast starry sky. At this time, a mysterious sense of awe will arise in his heart, and a huge and ancient question will begin to knock on his mind: What is the world?

——In the practice of life, people will realize Or unconsciously think about the world, the people and things around you, and use the concepts you form in your thinking to guide your life and practice. In these reflections, questions of a philosophical nature will be touched upon.

For example, “Who am I?” “How did the world come about?” “What kind of person am I? How do I obtain my existence?” “Does the world exist because of my existence? Does the world exist because of me, or do I exist because of the world?" "Which is more powerful, the world or me?" "What is the purpose of people living?"

Philosophy is A discipline formed by thinking about a series of issues related to the general nature and universal laws of the universe and life

Conclusion: (2) Philosophy originates from people's questioning of practice and thinking about the world.

Question about the role of philosophy: What does the emergence of philosophy bring to our lives? Students discuss and express their own opinions on the connection between theory and practice

◇Classroom inquiry: (1) These two What is the difference in the way students think and solve problems? Why is there such a difference?

(2) Think about the role that thinking methods play in people's lives. Student Analysis Perception of the Role of Philosophy

Summary: ◇Exploration Tips: (1) The first student used general thinking methods, and the second student used creative thinking.

The difference in methods is mainly due to different world views and different guiding ideologies.

(2) Thinking methods play an important role in people’s lives. Correct thinking methods and creative thinking methods have a positive role in promoting people's lives.

The original meaning of philosophy is the love of wisdom or the pursuit of wisdom. It is a science that makes people wise and wise. Therefore, such knowledge will certainly make people's lives better.

The natural world is ever-changing and society is complex. Sometimes people feel like they are walking in a dense forest, with floating clouds covering their eyes and the depths of the clouds unknown. Where is the correct way forward? This At this time we need the beacon of reason and wisdom to illuminate the way forward. Philosophy is a science that gives people wisdom and makes them smart. In ancient Greek and English, the original meaning of philosophy is the love of wisdom or the pursuit of wisdom. In Chinese, philosophy means wisdom, and philosophy is the study of wisdom or the pursuit of wisdom, that is, the study of loving wisdom. As Marx said, philosophy is the wisdom of this world and "the living soul of culture."

Thinking and questioning, as the stars change and the spring and autumn change, we look up at the sky: Has time begun? Is there an end to space? Where did the universe come from? Where did all things come from? Is there a paradise in the west? Are there ghosts and gods in the world? Can human beings Is there a soul? Chinese Laozi said: The universe is as big as it is without outside, and as small as there is no inside; Wang Euzhi said: The universe is a material entity composed of "qi"; Heraclitus of the West said: Fire is the foundation of the world; "The Bible" 》said: The universe was created by God;

Marx said: The world is an objectively existing material world

What exactly is the universe? Who can tell us what students think and answer the role of philosophy Deepen understanding

Enlightenment conclusion 1: Real philosophy can enable us to view nature correctly, guide people to correctly understand nature and transform nature

Think and question war, plague, poverty... worldly affairs As time goes by, we look at society: Is human nature evil or good? There is light and darkness in the world, what is false, ugly and evil? Where is truth, goodness and beauty? Why is society like this? How should people get along with each other? Where is the future of mankind?

Laozi said: Tao follows nature, and nothing is done without doing anything;

Legalist Han Feizi said: The punishment should be severe to make people fear; Confucianist Confucius said: In the beginning of man, Nature is inherently good; the benevolent love others; self-denial and restoration of propriety; Western existentialism: everything that exists is reasonable; Marx: The development of society is determined by objective laws and is also material

Question: What do you think the future of human development is? What is it, who taught me how to understand the world? Students think, answer, and discuss to deepen their understanding of the role of philosophy

Enlightenment conclusion 2: Real philosophy can enable us to correctly understand society, thereby providing information for life and practice Positive and helpful guidance

Thinking about drug addiction, suicide,... birth, old age, illness and death, joys and sorrows, we question life: Where do we come from? Where are we going? Why do we live? Why do we die? What is happiness? Where is happiness? What is the value of life? What is the meaning of life?

Laozi: Tao follows nature, face life calmly;

Buddhism: Everything is empty, happiness is in heaven ;

Schopenhauer: Life is a tragedy;

Marx: The value of life lies in dedication

Question: How do we treat life, who gives us a name Direction? Think about answers, communicate and deepen understanding of the role of philosophy

Enlightenment conclusion 3: True philosophy can enable us to treat life correctly, social progress and personal development, life and death, progress and development correctly. Retreat, gain and loss of fame and fortune

Stage summary Why should students learn philosophy to summarize overall perception

Summary of this lesson 1. Where is philosophy? - Philosophy is around us

Philosophical wisdom arises from human practical activities.

Philosophy originates from people’s questioning of practice and thinking about the world.

2. Why study philosophy? - Philosophy is the art of guiding people to live better lives

(1) From the original meaning of philosophy:

Philosophy is a science that gives people wisdom and makes them smart.

(2) From the perspective of the function of philosophy:

True philosophy can provide positive and beneficial guidance for life and practice, guiding people to correctly understand the world and transform the world.

Classroom exercises 1. The original meaning of philosophy refers to ( )

A. Wisdom B. Smart people C. Truth D. Love of wisdom or pursuit of wisdom

Answer: D

2. To the extent that people learn to change nature, human intelligence develops.

This sentence mainly explains (　)

A. Philosophical wisdom arises from human practical activities B. Understanding the world requires wisdom

C. Philosophy is generated out of thin air from people's subjective emotions D. Changing the natural world requires developing human intelligence

Answer: A

3. "People have already thought dialectically before they knew what dialectics is." This shows that (　)

A. Dialectics exists objectively B. Philosophical thoughts are closely related to people’s lives

C. The power of thinking is huge D. Philosophy is dialectics

Answer: B

4. Marx said: "Without philosophy, I cannot move forward." This sentence can be understood in this way (　)

①Philosophy is a discipline that gives people wisdom, Knowledge that makes people smart

②The task of philosophy is to guide people to correctly understand the world and transform the world

③Without the guidance of philosophy, people will be unable to move forward and accomplish nothing

　④Philosophy is the art of guiding people to live better lives

A.①②③ B.②③④ C.①②④ D.①③④

Answer: C

5 , The task of philosophy is (　)

A. Study the present world B. Let everyone become a philosopher

C. Guide people to correctly understand the world and transform the world D. Know through perceptual knowledge Rising to rational understanding

Answer: C

6. Marx said that philosophy is the wisdom of this world, which means (　)

A. Only this world can have wisdom. B. Everyone has wisdom

C. Philosophy is uniquely created by philosophers D. Philosophy is a science that makes people wise and wise

Answer: D

7. According to the record of "Liezi o Tianrui": "There are people in Qi State who are worried about the collapse of the sky and the earth, and those who live in it will lose their sleep and food."

What enlightenment can the story of Qi people worry about the sky give us?

Answer: (1) In life practice, people will consciously or unconsciously think about the world, the people and things around them, and use the concepts they form in their thinking to guide their lives and practices. In these reflections, questions of a philosophical nature will be touched upon. In this sense, we say that philosophy originates from people's questioning of practice and thinking about the world.

(2) The movement of things is regular, and the rules are objective and independent of human will. The movement of heaven and earth has its own unique laws and will not collapse at any time. Qi people do not understand this philosophical truth, which affects their own lives.

After-class exercises

The first frame of the first lesson of high school politics: Philosophy is everywhere in life

1. This week’s teaching content:

1. Guidance on learning methods of the life and philosophy module

2. Comprehensive explanation of the first unit

3. Lesson 1, Box 1: Philosophy is everywhere in life

2. Key points and difficulties:

1. Philosophy and the love of wisdom

2. Philosophy arises from human practical activities and stems from people’s questioning and thinking about the world

3. Specific content:

Guidance on learning methods for the life and philosophy module

(1) The importance of learning philosophy: it helps to cultivate a scientific world view and outlook on life and values.

(2) The basic nature of the "Life and Philosophy" course:

Educate high school students on the basic viewpoints of Marxist philosophy. Make it clear that this course is not a general introduction to philosophy. Through study, students can understand the basic viewpoints and methods of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, initially form a correct world outlook, outlook on life, and values, and lay the foundation for ideological and political quality for students' lifelong and all-round development.

(3) The design ideas of the "Life and Philosophy" textbook:

Based on the essence of the important thinking of the "Three Represents" of "emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, and advancing with the times" As a guide, the narration of the basic principles of Marxist philosophy is integrated into the themes of social life and practice. Starting from life and practice, and taking exploratory activities as the leading role, the basic content of the philosophy module is presented through case investigation, problem analysis, situation introduction, etc. The core issues of the philosophy module are determined as: how to view nature, society (life) and thinking, and how to establish a scientific world outlook, outlook on life and values. Focusing on this core issue, the book is developed from four aspects: wisdom of life, exploration of life, methods of life, and life choices, that is, four units, each unit highlights a core issue. In this way, the big questions are covered with small questions, and the whole book forms a "tree"-shaped string of questions.

(4) The logical connection between the four units of the "Life and Philosophy" module:

① The wisdom of philosophical life: the perspective of life and practice (philosophy o basic issues of philosophy o Marxist philosophy)

② Grasp the essence of the world: (materialism, epistemology) How to understand the world: proceed from reality and seek truth from facts (material o consciousness o practice)

③ Master the scientific Thought method: (Dialectic) The basic method of understanding the world: the method of contradiction analysis (contact o development o contradiction o innovation)

④ Have a more beautiful life: (three scientific views) establish a scientific world view and life Views and values ??(the true meaning of social history and the creation and realization of values).

(5)How do we read this textbook

Unit introduction: tell us the main content of this unit

We should note that comprehensive inquiry is the key to unit learning Indispensable content, it consists of four parts: inquiry activity goals, inquiry activity suggestions, inquiry path reference, and theoretical analysis. Comprehensive inquiry has the function of reflecting the connection of relevant knowledge in this unit and cultivating the ability to comprehensively apply knowledge. It is an important part of our independent learning and research-based learning.

Unit 1: Comprehensive explanation of life wisdom and the spirit of the times

Comprehensive explanation

Status and role:

This unit plays a role in the whole book It plays a leading and introductory role and is the starting lesson of the whole book. What is philosophy? What are the basic questions of philosophy? What role does philosophy play in social development? The exploration and study of these questions will help us master the basic theories of this unit and lay the foundation for the study of the whole book.

Starting from the philosophy around us, through understanding of philosophical concepts and basic philosophical issues, it helps us to draw a clear line between materialism and idealism, and guide our current study and future studies with a scientific worldview. Work. Therefore, the study of this unit has great practical significance for us.

Main content:

According to the requirements of the latest curriculum standards, this unit is divided into three lessons: Lesson 1: "Guide to a Better Life"; Lesson 2: "Competition among Hundreds of Countries" Thoughts"; Lesson 3 "The Essence of the Spirit of the Times".

Lesson 1, Box 1: Philosophy is everywhere in life

(1) Teaching objectives:

1. Knowledge objectives

Knowledge Note: The meaning of philosophy

Understanding:

(1) Philosophy is around us

(2) The original meaning and mission of philosophy

Analysis: Analyze the philosophical thoughts in connection with the life around you

2. Ability goals:

(1) Through the analysis of the philosophy around you, cultivate the ability to see the essence through phenomena

(2) Cultivate the ability to analyze problems through understanding of life examples, philosophical stories, and philosophers’ views around you

3. Emotions, attitudes, and values ??goals:

Through the analysis of the emergence of philosophy and the relationship between philosophy and life, we can enhance our understanding and ideological identification of philosophy

(2) Teaching new things:

A. Life is everywhere Philosophy

1. Philosophy is all around us

Classroom exploration:

(1) On the issue of ranking, people often have different opinions. This is Why? P2

(2) Why should we see the "duality" of rankings?

(3) Connect similar examples in life and talk about the relationship between life and philosophy.

Exploration tips:

(1) People have different opinions on the ranking issue, mainly because people have different ways of thinking.

(2) Everything has two sides, requiring us to look at it in two. Looking at the ranking issue one-sidedly is not conducive to improving one's own learning level.

Interesting Philosophy 1:

Silly Son

If a guest asks you why our peach tree is gone

——You just Say, "Let me cut it down and sell it;"

If he asks why our fence is so messy

--you just say, "The war is in chaos;"

　If he asks why our family has so much money

——Just say "Mom and Dad earned it hard;"

If he asks you why you are so smart

——You just say, "Of course, our family has been like this for generations."

So, the son went to entertain the guests.

The guest asked: "Where is your father?"

——"Let me cut it and sell it!"

"Where is your mother?"

——"The army is in chaos!"

"Why is there so much cow dung in front of your house?"

——"My parents worked hard to earn money. "

The guest asked angrily: "Why do you say that!"

- "Of course our family has been like this for generations!"

Interesting Philosophy 2 :

A scholar came to Beijing for the third time to take the exam and stayed in a store where he usually stayed. Two days before the exam, he had two dreams: the first dream was that he was growing cabbage on the wall; the second dream was that he was wearing a bamboo hat and holding an umbrella on a rainy day.

These two dreams seemed to have some profound meaning. The next day, the scholar hurriedly went to find a fortune teller to interpret the dreams. When the fortune teller heard this, he slapped his thigh and said, "You'd better go home. Think about it, isn't it a waste of effort to grow vegetables on the high wall? Isn't it unnecessary to wear a hat and hold an umbrella?"

What do you think of the scholar? Should we go home?

2. Philosophical wisdom arises from human practical activities

(1) Understanding the world and doing things well require wisdom. Life requires wisdom and philosophy. People's advanced understanding of problems and ingenious methods of solving problems are all linked to a certain degree of philosophical wisdom.

Philosophical wisdom does not arise out of thin air from people’s subjective emotions, but is gradually formed and developed in people’s activities of understanding and transforming the world, and in the practice of dealing with the relationship between people and the external world. . In a word, philosophical wisdom arises from human practical activities.

(2) Philosophy should provide innovative conclusions that surprise, surprise, and awaken people.

A foreign reference book said that philosophers are those who "love to ask vexing questions and give bizarre answers." People may not agree with this definition of "weird", but the message it conveys that philosophy should be "surprising" is something that people must pay full attention to.

Studying philosophy requires surprise. Surprise is not the same as curiosity attracted by the external appearance of things, but the contemplation aroused by the deep mysteries of things. Plato believed that philosophy is rooted in wonder. Aristotle said: "Because of surprise, people not only conduct philosophical research now, but also from the beginning." On the basis of social practice, philosophical thinking starts from "surprise" about problems, and then makes people feel Thinking and solving problems with a "surprised" way of thinking will definitely have the effect of "awakening" the world. The core of "surprise" is ideological innovation. In the face of problems (new and old problems), dare to think what our predecessors have not thought of, dare to do what our predecessors have not done, "Don't look at problems with ordinary eyes, don't think about problems with ordinary thinking, don't talk about problems with ordinary language, don't Solve problems in the usual way."

Philosophy makes people "surprise", but it is opposed to pretense. The profound connotation of judgment that "surprises" people will not be separated from the public as long as a suitable way of expression is found.

Thematization of famous quotes: (Combined with famous quotes from textbook P2, see example 1)

3. Philosophy originates from people’s questioning of practice and thinking about the world.

Supplement: The world in philosophy refers to nature, human society and human thinking. The first two are objective worlds and the latter are subjective worlds.

Practice refers to all activities by which people transform the objective world (including nature and human society)

Classroom inquiry:

(1) Did you also Have you thought about similar questions? P3

(2) What inspiration can unfounded and worrying stories give us?

(3) What issues do you often think about now? Why?

Exploration Tips:

(1) Most people have thought about similar problems in their childhood. Students can talk about their experiences based on their actual situations.

(2) Although unfounded stories are undesirable, they reflect a kind of questioning and thinking, and this kind of questioning and thinking is very valuable. It makes our thoughts burst into philosophical sparks.

(3) This question is very open and should be discussed based on the specific situation of each student.

Philosophical stories: What enlightenment can unfounded stories give us?

Although unfounded stories are undesirable, they reflect a kind of questioning and thinking, and this kind of questioning and thinking Invaluable, it sparks philosophical sparks in our minds.

In life practice, people will consciously or unconsciously think about the world, the people and things around them, and use the concepts they form in their thinking to guide their lives and practices. In these reflections, questions of a philosophical nature will be touched upon. In this sense, we say that philosophy originates from people's questioning of practice and thinking about the world.

The textbook explains through two famous quotes that philosophy is not a castle of ideas suspended in the sky, but is closely related to our lives, the nature and society in which we live.

4. Conclusion: Philosophy is all around us

Philosophy is not a castle of ideas suspended high in the air. As long as we think carefully, we will find that it has something to do with our lives and our lives. The nature and society in which we live are closely related, and it always affects our study, work and life consciously or unconsciously.

Timing of famous quotes: (Combined with the famous quotes from textbook P3, see example 2)

(3) Philosophy is the art of guiding people to live better

1. The original meaning of philosophy:

Classroom inquiry:

(1) What is the difference in the way these two students think and solve problems? Why is there such a difference? P4

(2) Think about the role that thinking methods play in people’s lives.

Exploration tips:

(1) The first student used general thinking methods, and the second student used creative thinking.

The difference in methods is mainly due to different world views and different guiding ideologies.

(2) Thinking methods play an important role in people’s lives. Correct thinking methods and creative thinking methods have a positive role in promoting people's lives.

Classroom exercises: See Example 3

2. Philosophical tasks:

Classroom inquiry:

(1) Why don’t we know the universe? Without a correct understanding of nature and society, one cannot enjoy happiness? P4

　(2) Why did Epicurus associate the study of philosophy with the health of the soul and the happiness of life?

Inquiry Tips:

(1) Understanding specific scientific knowledge and forming philosophical concepts on this basis can make people wiser and fully enjoy happiness.

(2) Because philosophy can enable people to find light and light up the beacon of hope on the road of life, so as to correctly understand the world and transform the world.

From the perspective of the function of philosophy, the function of philosophy as a worldview is to teach people how to view the world, that is, how to treat the universe and life, how to treat knowledge and laws, how to treat individuals and society, themselves and others. In this sense, we can say that philosophy is an ideological tool that guides us to understand and transform the world, and we can also say that philosophy is an art that guides people to live better.

"Going to school will change the natural world, and to what extent human intelligence will develop." This sentence mainly explains ( )

　A. Philosophical wisdom arises from human practical activities B. Understanding the world requires wisdom

C. Philosophy arises out of thin air from people’s subjective emotions D. Changing the natural world requires the development of human intelligence

Answer: A

Analysis: The original meaning of the quotation It means that the extent to which people change the natural world determines their level of intelligence, which means that philosophy comes from practice, and that practice determines understanding.

Attachment: Philosophy originated from ( )

A. Surprise and confusion about things B. People’s curiosity

C. Questioning and questioning of practice Thinking about the world D. Summary of life

Answer: C

[Example 2] “People have been thinking dialectically long before they knew what dialectics was.

"This shows that

A. Dialectics exists objectively. B. Philosophical thoughts are closely related to people's lives.

C. The power of examination is huge. D. Philosophy is dialectics

Answer: B

Analysis: The statements A and D are incorrect, and item C does not reflect the meaning of the question.

[Example 3] The original meaning of philosophy is. ( )

A. Wisdom B. Smart person C. Truth D. Love of wisdom or pursuit of wisdom

Answer: D

Analysis: This question is correct Test of basic knowledge

[Example 4] Marx said: “I cannot move forward without philosophy. ” This sentence mainly emphasizes ( )

A. Marx is a philosopher who studies philosophy B. Philosophy and life are inseparable

C. Philosophy can guide people to understand correctly The world and transforming the world D. People who do not understand philosophy cannot make progress

Answer: C

Analysis: The quotation emphasizes that the functions of philosophy A and B cannot express philosophy. Function. The statement in item D is too absolute.

Attachment: The task of philosophy is ( )

A. To guide people to understand the world correctly B. To guide people to transform the world correctly

C. Guide people to correctly understand the world and transform the world D. Philosophy is the soul of culture

Blackboard writing

Philosophy is everywhere in life

Philosophical Production---Practice and reflection

Philosophy is the art of guiding people to live better

(1) The original meaning of philosophy

(2) The role of philosophy

Famous sayings about the relationship between learning and thinking

A poem or famous saying about human recovery

An interesting and meaningful joke.