Before Nietzsche, Hegel had marked a stage of artistic development with Dionysian worship in Phenomenology of Spirit. Jacoby, Buckhart, Holderlin, F. schlegel and Wagner also talk about Dionysus phenomenon or drunken passion as an aesthetic state.
Nietzsche played an important role in explaining the origin and essence of Greek tragedy in The Birth of Tragedy, and advocated the Dionysian spirit. He was proud of explaining Dionysus as metaphysics for the first time, calling himself "Dionysian philosopher". In fact, Dionysian spirit is indeed the characteristic of Nietzsche's philosophy.
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In China, Dionysian spirit originated from Taoist philosophy. Zhuang Zhou advocated the unity of things and me, the unity of heaven and man, and the unity of life and death. Zhuang Zhou sang the song of absolute freedom, advocating "wandering things", "wandering around the world" and "land without things". Zhuangzi would rather be a free turtle shaking his head in a mud pond than a bound swift horse. The essence of China's Dionysian spirit lies in pursuing absolute freedom and forgetting the benefits of life and death, honor and disgrace.
The artistic freedom gained by drunkenness is an important way for China ancient artists to get rid of bondage and gain artistic creativity. Liu Ling, a famous figure in Wei and Jin Dynasties and the first "alcoholic", said in Ode to Wine Virtue: "There is a gentleman who takes heaven and earth as the sky, ten thousand periods as a moment, the sun and the moon as a moment, and eight droughts as the DPRK." "The curtain is on the ground, which means so."
"I was drunk, but I suddenly woke up. If you don't listen to thunder, you won't see the mountain shape. I can't feel the feeling of cutting muscles in cold weather and summer. Looking down on everything, it is like Jianghan duckweed. " This "ultimate human" state is a typical embodiment of China's Dionysian spirit. Turning over the history of China's literature and art is a history of Dionysian spiritual dance.