Heaven sends great responsibilities to the people of this country. This is written in "Mencius", one of the four books.

Mencius (about 372 BC - 289 BC), named Ke and Ziyu, was a native of Zou, Lu State in the middle of the Warring States Period (a native of southeastern Zou County, Shandong Province today), not far from Qufu, the hometown of Confucius. Far. He is a famous thinker, politician, educator, inheritor of Confucius' teachings, and an important representative of Confucianism. According to legend, Mencius was a descendant of the Meng Sun family, a nobleman of the Lu State. He lost his father when he was young and his family was poor. He was once educated by Zisi (Kong Ji, the grandson of Confucius). After completing his studies, he lobbied the princes as a scholar in an attempt to promote his political ideas and went to Liang (Wei), Qi, Song, Teng and Lu. At that time, several big countries were committed to enriching the country and strengthening the military, striving to achieve unification through force. He inherited Confucius's "benevolence" thought and developed it into the "benevolent government" thought, and was called the "Ya Sage".

One of the "Four Books" of "Mencius". In the middle of the Warring States Period, Mencius and his disciples Wan Zhang and Gongsun Chou were waiting. Records for Mencius, his disciples, and his disciples. It was first seen in Zhao Qi's "Mencius' Inscription": "This book was written by Mencius, so it is always called "Mencius"." "Hanshu·Yiwenzhi" contains eleven chapters of "Mencius", of which seven chapters exist in fourteen volumes. The total number of words is more than 35,000 words and 286 chapters. According to legend, there were four other chapters of "Mencius's Wai Shu" that have been lost (the current "Mencius' Wai Shu" was forged by Yao Shiliang of the Ming Dynasty). The book records the political, educational, philosophical, ethical and other ideological views and political activities of Mencius and his disciples.