Public interest litigation includes civil public interest litigation and administrative public interest litigation, which are divided according to the nature of applicable litigation law or the different objects (objects) to be sued. According to the theory of procedural law, if the interests are damaged, the victim has the right to sue in court and request judicial relief. According to the subject of litigation, public interest litigation can be divided into public interest litigation initiated by procuratorial organs and public interest litigation initiated by other social groups and individuals. The former is called civil public prosecution or administrative public prosecution, and the latter is called general public interest litigation. The subjects of public interest litigation mainly include people's procuratorates, social public welfare organizations and individuals. Whether natural persons, social organizations, procuratorial organs or administrative organs participate in public interest litigation as plaintiffs, they all have their own advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, it will be more realistic to establish a complementary multi-system subject model. Everyone is the best protector of his own interests, and it is an inevitable trend of legal and social development to give citizens the right to file public interest litigation.

1, People's Procuratorate: The People's Procuratorate is the national legal supervision organ of People's Republic of China (PRC). As a national public prosecution agency, it is natural and its duty to file a lawsuit on behalf of the public interest. In criminal proceedings, the procuratorate, on behalf of the state, brings a lawsuit against the criminal suspect in order to investigate his criminal responsibility. As the spokesman of the government, it promotes, safeguards and realizes the public interest to a great extent.

2. Social welfare organizations: Social welfare organizations refer to civil society organizations and groups whose primary goal is not to maximize profits, but to take social welfare as their main goal. Civil society can only be realized through public communication in the field of public affairs. No one has the right to say that I represent, I limit, and I am a person who can achieve. Therefore, public interest litigation should be more of a way of mobilization, communication and education, and public interests can be realized in this way.

3. Individual: or individual, generally referring to a person or a specific subject in a group. In what event can an individual claim to represent the public interest? Of course, this so-called representation of the public interest is an idea and his own opinion.