First of all, put forward
? The title of existentialism was first put forward by Heidegger in Being and Time. The world is absurd, and people living in it are full of troubles and will feel worried and panic. It's just anxiety and panic that proves it? Me? It exists, and it is really feeling the world. People are free, have the right to choose themselves, and? Existence? It is the premise for ideology to make choices and guide actions. Descartes said:? I think therefore I am? This sentence? Famous words? Almost everyone knows that Heidegger tore up Descartes' philosophical picture in one fell swoop, thinking that the basic characteristics of human beings are an existing field and field, and the center of this field is not? Ideas? Metaphysical spiritual entity. ? Poetic dwelling of human beings? Existentialism opposes the alienation of the world and guides people to choose freely and follow their own will. What is this courage to break the cage and pursue yourself? Poetic? Is that what people should do when they are alive? Habitat? .
Second, the significance
Existentialism, also known as existentialism, is one of the main schools of contemporary western philosophy. This term was first put forward by French theistic existentialist Marcel. Existentialism is a very broad school of philosophy, which mainly includes theistic existentialism, atheistic existentialism and existential Marxism. It can refer to any humanistic theory that regards the irrational consciousness activities of isolated individuals as the most real existence. Existentialism takes people as the center, respects people's individuality and freedom, and thinks that people live in a meaningless universe, and human existence itself is meaningless, but people can create themselves and live wonderfully on the basis of existence.
Three. introduce
Existentialism is a kind of philosophical irrationalism and one of the main schools of modern western philosophy. Friedrich first proposed existentialism? William? Nietzsche, Soren? Kierkegaard, Schopenhauer, Jaspers, Martin? Heidegger. As a school, existentialism was formed in Germany in the 1920s and spread to France during the Second World War, becoming one of the most influential schools of philosophy. It gradually became popular in the United States in the 1950s, and it also had a certain influence among some young college students in China in the mid-1980s. Did the representative of existentialism give in? Paul. Sartre, Merlot? Albert Ponty? Camus, etc.
In the view of existentialists, people live in a world that is opposite to themselves and disappointed, and their position in the world is uncertain. An absolutely free person is also a distressed and helpless loner. Although people have the freedom to choose, the future life they face is chaotic and aimless. He just walked blindly into the future. He only knows that the real end of life is death. As the ultimate destination of life, death is of great significance to the existence of individuals.