一

Talking about Ji Kang, one will think of the epitaph written by Fan Chuanzheng for Li Bai. There is a sentence, "Inspired by the strength of the five elements, my uncle's heart is high", which is amazing. It depicts two scholars who are proud of their royal power, and they reflect each other. Ji Kang's character can be summed up in one word: he is tough and tough to the end. Sometimes I just call him Ji Gang.

Talking about Ji Kang, one will think of Li Qingzhao who crossed the southern border and was separated in chaos and chaos along the way. In the spring of the fourth year of Jianyan's reign, he followed the emperor's footsteps and migrated to eastern Zhejiang. In September, with the support of the Jin people, Liu Yu established the puppet Qi regime. Yi An angrily rebuked, "The two Han Dynasties succeeded Shao, and the new house was like a wart. Therefore, Ji Zhong was scattered, and the Yin and Zhou Dynasties were thin until death." Every word is sonorous and loud. The great scholar Zhu Xi commented warmly, "Such words are beyond the power of a woman." "He was born as a hero, but died as a ghost hero. I still miss Xiang Yu and refuse to cross the Yangtze River." These are the same words. Yi An Yegang.

When talking about Ji Kang, one will think of Lu Xun. The angry gentleman painstakingly collected editions of Ji Kang’s collected works and spent nearly twenty years making the most complete proofreading to date. He had a special liking for Ji Kang. . In July 2007, he delivered a famous speech in Guangzhou, "The Relationship between Styles and Articles of the Wei and Jin Dynasties, Medicine and Wine." In 2008, he wrote to Chen Jun, "What we talked about in Guangzhou about the Wei and Jin Dynasties is indeed true." The ancestor of Kang, whose surname was Xi, was from Shangyu in Kuaiji (Shaoxing, Zhejiang). He later moved to Zhi County of Qiaoguo (Suzhou, Anhui). I don’t know whether Mr. He is from the same hometown.

When talking about Ji Kang, you will think of "The Swordsman", and Mr. Jin also meant to pay tribute to Ji Kang. The song "Swordsman of the Swordsman" came from Guangling, while Linghu Chong also transcended famous teachings and left nature to his own devices. Compared to Ji Kang, his behavior seems to be closer to that of Tao Yuanming. There are several political figures in the book who, under the guise of being upright martial artists, engage in the killing of living beings.

When talking about Ji Kang, Dou Wei also comes to mind, which is a bit puzzling. But I do feel that this famous scholar from the Wei and Jin Dynasties, who watched his return home, waved the five strings, and looked up and down with pride, had a rock and roll youth living in his body. Similarly, when talking about Dou Wei, we will also think of Ji Kang, a rock and roll young man who plays the flute in Hung Hom. He hides in daily life and does not mind his skin. He lives as Dou Xianer. More and more people feel that there is a Wei and Jin Dynasty person living in his body. Celebrities.

2

Ji Kang, courtesy name Shu Ye, is the central figure of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove. Shang Laozhuang's metaphysics was a broad-minded and proud man who stood out from the crowd. He disdained the etiquette of famous religions and advocated transcending famous religions and letting nature take its course. Between Lao Zhuang and Zhuangzi, they seem to prefer Zhuangzi, with obvious anti-political tendencies and an artistic lifestyle. He was good at playing the qin, and he wrote Fu on the qin and "Soundless Sadness and Music", including Ji's Four Songs. He was good at drinking, and probably took drugs (Wu Shi Powder), and wrote about health preservation. The way of making a living is also special. "Book of Jin Ji Kang's Biography" records, "In the early days, when Kang lived in poverty, he and Xiang Xiu forged under a big tree to support themselves."

Blacksmithing Son, it looks dreamy now. I like to think wildly, imagining that he is forging a peerless sword or a frost-like scimitar. In the blazing fire, "Zhao Ke is wearing tassels, and Wu is covered with frost and snow. The silver saddle shines on the white horse, rustling like a shooting star." The scholar and The combination of knights and knights into one is simply the most romantic thing in the world. Wearing a green shirt, with an upright attitude, you can travel around the world and run a wine shop. Confucianism can use literature to disrupt the law, and knights can use martial arts to violate forbidden things. Perhaps, behind the blazing fire, there is a pot of Bagua Laojun furnace, where he is forging iron and refining elixirs. While refining the elixir, I secretly expected that a monkey that would cause trouble in heaven would knock him over...

Ji Kang was an idol, and his demeanor and temperament were the hallmark of his life. At that time, it was popular among the upper classes for men to put on make-up and powder when they went out, but he had an earthy figure, no self-decoration, and was natural in nature. "The head and face are often not washed on the 15th day of the first month", which is probably the same as Li Houzhu's words. It means rough clothes and messy hair, which does not cover up the national beauty. It's not unusual to not like to wash your hair or take a shower. There are also famous people catching lice while chatting. I don't know if it has something to do with taking Wushisan. It is said that the skin of those who take the powder is easy to wrinkle and break, so they should wear old clothes that cannot be washed frequently and wear slippers. Therefore, the light fur is worn slowly and fluttering like a fairy.

He went into the mountains to collect herbs, and some people really misunderstood him as a god. Some people praised him for being "slow and solemn, refreshing and clear", while others praised him for being "serious as the wind under the pine, high and flowing slowly". The most beautiful words in the world, at least the most beautiful words in "Shishuoxinyu", are all prepared for him.

Shan Tao said, "Uncle Ji is like a man at night, and the rock is as independent as a solitary pine; when he is drunk, he is like a jade mountain about to collapse." Ji Kang is seven feet and eight inches long. I did a rough calculation, and it was close to one meter. Nine, this alone affects the aesthetics of many people. After his death, someone praised his son Ji Shao to Wang Rong, saying, "Ji Yan is as outstanding as a wild crane in a flock of chickens." Wang Rong said, you have never seen his father!

Three

The Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest are both wild and arrogant, and are famous for their wild behavior. The one with the most violent temper was Ji Kang. He himself said that he had a strong and evil temper. Ruan Ji, who is also famous, was very popular when he was young, but when he got older, he cultivated to the point where he could not hide the names of people in his mouth, but Ji Kang couldn't wait to grow old. However, Ji Kang was not an outspoken person. Judging from the records in Shishuoxinyu and Jinshu, he was very well-educated. He was "cautious in his words and deeds" and "has a lot of leniency and simplicity". "Rong Ziyan and Kang lived in Shanyang In twenty years, I have never seen him look happy or angry." It can be considered that what he said must be expressed.

What Ji Shuye wants in life is liberation and freedom. He is anti-political. Although he had served as an official and served as a Zhongsan official in Cao Wei, like Tao Qian, he did not like being an official in his heart. Anti-political figures are somewhat pathetic, perhaps because politics is omnipresent, especially in a country like this, where anti-politics is almost equivalent to being anti-people. I often feel that people with this tendency are best to stay away from the center of the crowd and live a life of poetry and wine, an artistic life, or a pastoral life, like Tao Yuanming, in short, marginalizing their own lives. Ji Kang was too famous, and his every move had already attracted much attention, and he had no time to be like Tao Yuanming. Or, we must wait until enough blood has been shed, and the hearts of the scholars have cooled down, and they have calmed down before they can pick chrysanthemums under the eastern fence and see the southern mountains leisurely.

Ji Kang died in the politics he hated most. Before Sima usurped the throne, he naturally hoped to get the support of Shilin. If he didn't support it, he couldn't sing the opposite. The "Book of Severance of Diplomacy with Shan Juyuan" directly stated his attitude and refused to serve as an official. "Every time it is not Tang and Wu, but weak Zhou and Kong" is the most important sentence, which opposes the usurpation of Wei and the actual usurpation of the throne in the name of abdication. Zhonghui, who had been neglected by him, slandered Sima Zhaojin, "In the past, Qi killed Chinese scholars, and Lu punished Shaozhengmao. They were sincerely harming the current religion and disrupting the religion, so the sages went away. Kang, An and others were licentious in their remarks, which did not destroy the code. It is not appropriate to tolerate those who are emperors. It is better to eliminate them based on provocation and to uphold customs. "Confucius' killing of Shaozhengmao was a bad start! From then on, denying freedom of speech became the right-sounding and right thing to do.

There was no real break-up of friendship after the letter of break-up of friendship, so the mocking of Shan Tao was done for Sima's sake. It was Shan Tao who left him alone before his death, and said to his son, "Ju Yuan is here, you are not alone." It was not his brother Ji Xi, not Ruan Ji whom he respected the most, nor Xiang Xiu with whom he forged iron. In his heart, Shan Juyuan is still his most reliable friend, and his friends have the freedom of choice. His son also had the freedom to choose, and the family precepts left to him did not require him to inherit his father's ambitions. I think this is where Yue Mingjiao comes from.

Speaking of which, the most suffocating thing about Confucianism is the three cardinal principles. Not only are they strictly controlled in this life, but they are also not free after death. It is difficult to seek independence and freedom in a tied-up life. On the contrary, the West is a patricide culture. Only when "father" dies can "I" grow up. However, what is thought-provoking is that there is almost no trace of Lao-Zhuang’s metaphysics in Ji Kang’s family precepts. It can be said that it is rooted in Confucianism. The center is that "people without ambitions are not human beings." There are many principles of determination and perseverance. suggestion. Maybe it’s a reflection on one’s own personality, or maybe it’s a prediction of his son’s future situation. There are many very small reminders about how to behave, and the love for the baby is so deep that it makes people cry.

IV

"The Biography of Boyi" is the first chapter in the Historical Records and is quite worth pondering. Sima Qian's thought can be said to be a combination of hundreds of schools of thought, but the most important values ??are Confucian. Confucius said that I came from Zhou, and Shi Qian could follow up by making a sentence and say that I came from Confucius. If the biographies of historical records are a large article, the biographies of Yiqi are short stories. Opposing violence for violence, eating Zhou millet in shame, starving to death in Shouyang Mountain, is the only way to kill Yin Zhou. Boyi Shuqi embodies Confucian values ??and ideals, and I think it also embodies Confucian ethical dilemmas. Sima Qian was confused about goodness, destiny, and whether he had any grudges against Yi and Qi.

Confucian ethics emphasizes the rectification of names, with the three cardinal principles and five constant principles as the framework, and the word benevolence as the core.

The most ideal way to change the old and new regimes is to abdicate. It has to be said that this ideal is too high for human nature, and the harm caused can be imagined. Ji Kang said that it was not Tang Wu but Zhou Kong who blocked all the ways for the Sima family to usurp the throne - violence is not good, regency is not good, and abdication is not good. As Mr. Lu Xun said, "Tang and Wu established the world with force; Zhou Gong assisted the king; Confucius was the ancestor of Yao and Shun, and Yao and Shun were the ones who made concessions to the world. Even Ji Kang couldn't say, so how about teaching Sima to usurp the throne? When the time comes, what should we do? ”

Boyi Shuqi, who believed in benevolence, righteousness, loyalty and filial piety, would not live up to Yin Zhou until his death, and Ji Zhongsan, who disdained the etiquette of famous religions, would not live up to Yin Zhou until death. In the eyes of future generations, the free and handsome Ji Kang simply died for Cao Wei and to protect the famous religion. Is this the same Ji Kang who went beyond the famous religion and let nature take its course? Do you wear the coat of Lao Zhuang’s metaphysics and the underwear of famous sects (famous brands?) but never take them off until death? I think, maybe like the death of Wang Guowei, be benevolent and wise.

For me, Ji Kang is still the same Ji Kang who transcended fame and religion and let nature take its course. Yue Mingjiao is not anti-Confucianism. What Ji Kang wants to peel off is just the hypocrisy of Mingjiao. What he hates is the part that has been ruined by those in power. Ren Ziran doesn't mean that he doesn't persevere. Ren Ziran without perseverance may also become a cover. I think the most touching thing about Ji Kang and Boyi Shuqi is not which thought or concept they adhere to, but sticking to themselves, that kind of independent spirit - when the world was in chaos, Yi Qi held on to King Wu's Ma Tou, when the world is bustling with people, Ji Kang bluntly said that I am not Tang Wu!

Ironically speaking, those who really break away from the shackles and do not care about fame and religion are those shrewd politicians. You see, Cao Cao publicly said that it didn't matter if he was unfaithful or unfilial, as long as he was talented, but later he would kill Kong Rong for being unfilial. Sima also used Lu An's unfilial piety case to kill Ji Kang. If you want to usurp the throne, just usurp the throne. If you have to meditate again and again, it is a great drama to be played for fools and foolish women, for history and for future generations. If there are good actors, there will naturally be good audiences, so Mr. Lu Xun said that Chinese people have many spectators.

Five

"Shishuo Xinyu" records, "Ji Zhongsan was about to be punished in Dongshi. His expression remained unchanged, so he played the piano and played "Guangling San". At the end of the song, he said "Yuan Xiaoni tried to learn this poem, but I, Jin Gu, refused to give it to me. "Three thousand students from the Imperial Academy wrote to me, asking them to be their teachers." This paragraph in "Book of Jin" contains " The sentence "Looking at the sun's shadow" is a stroke of genius. It is leisurely, just like when we glance at our mobile phone or watch to see if it is three quarters to noon. Guangling San is definitely a regret in his life, but he does not regret his choice.

When I meet characters with heroic qualities that I like while studying, I often cry with emotion, but I don’t cry for Ji Shuye or Wen Tianxiang, just because of this calmness. Tan Sitong also had the same temperament, he was also sacrificial and calm, but I couldn't help but cry for him, which is inexplicable. Maybe it was because he took the initiative to die, or maybe it was because he had finally had enough, and someone was finally going to come forward to overthrow him.

In my ordinary life, the choices I face are ordinary, but I often feel unfree. But when they face life and death, they are so calm and calm! For them, the choice happened long before. At that moment, it was just a matter of seeking kindness and receiving kindness. It was a matter of hearing the truth in the morning and dying in the evening. Choice may make people unfree, but choosing bravely makes people free. People are free because of their courage.

It is said that "Guangling San" is "Nie Zheng Assassins the King of Han" in Cai Yong's "Qin Cao". It has a different name but the same tune. It tells the story of Nie Zheng avenging his father. Therefore, this song has a murderous atmosphere. The assassin's story is always tragic, the wind is rustling and the water is cold. That day, the three thousand students who listened to Guangling's silence in silence were wearing white clothes?

Note:

1. There are two versions of Ji Kang’s birth and death years: 224-263 and 223-262. Married the daughter of the Wei clan, the head of Changle Pavilion. His musical works include "The Wind Into the Pine", and it is said that "Encountering Gods in the Lonely Pavilion" is also his work. The four tunes "Changqing", "Duanqing", "Changside" and "Duanside" are called "Ji's Four Lanes". Together with Cai Yong's "Cai's Five Lanes" they are collectively called "Nine Lanes". They are one of the most popular songs in ancient my country. A collection of famous piano pieces. Ji Kang was also good at painting, calligraphy, and especially cursive calligraphy. I won’t introduce the poetry.

2. There is no clear record in "Shishuo Xinyu" and "Jin Shu" about whether Ji Kang took Wu Shi Powder. His own articles only talked about medicine to maintain health. Judging from what Mr. Lu Xun meant, he was convinced.

3. Some say that one foot of the Three Kingdoms is about 24 centimeters, and that of the Two Jins is about 24.4 centimeters. Others say that one foot of the Three Kingdoms and Two Jins is about 24.2 centimeters.

4. Ji Kang was good friends with Lu Xun and Lu An. Lu An's wife was raped by his brother Lu Xun, and she was so angry that she wanted to sue Lu Xun. Ji Kang advised Lu An not to expose family scandals in order to keep the family's reputation clean. Unexpectedly, Lu Xun preemptively accused Lu An of being unfilial. Ji Kang was very angry and wrote a "Letter on Breaking Diplomacy with Lu Changti" to scold Lu Xun and come forward to testify for Lu An. Sima Zhao took the opportunity to kill Kang and An. Yue Mingjiao still emphasizes its reputation. Mingjiao is a big net, and it is not that easy to get out of the net!

5. "Shishuo Xinyu" records that Zhong Hui wanted Ji Kang to take a look at the "Four Books" written by Zhong Hui, but was afraid that Ji Kang would not like it, so in desperation he actually "went outdoors in a remote place" If you throw it, you will turn around and walk away." After becoming famous, Zhong Hui visited Ji Kang again, but Ji Kang ignored him and "forged iron" under the big tree in front of his house. Zhong Hui felt bored and left angrily. At this time, Ji Kang asked, "Why do you come here after what you hear, and go away after what you see?" Zhong Hui replied, "You come here when you hear something, and go away after seeing it." This is a cliché story about a fanatical fan who turns to hate because of love.

6. In "The Analects", Confucius praised Boyi and Shuqi many times, but he never mentioned "knocking on the horse to remonstrate". This little plot is most likely the novelist's writing style of Shi Qian, haha!

7. "Guangling San" has not been lost. Ji Kang must have unique playing techniques. Legend has it that they were taught by an immortal, so Ji Kang's version is indeed out of print. There is no historical record of Nie Zheng's assassination of the King of Han. It is said that Cai Yong deduced it based on the story of Nie Zheng's assassination of Han Xiang Xia Lei in "Historical Records: Biography of Assassins".