Every ordinary person has a responsibility for the rise or fall of the country

Every ordinary person has a responsibility for the rise or fall of the country. The language version is from "Rizhilu" written by Gu Yanwu in the Qing Dynasty. "Zhengshi": "Those who protect the world are so humble as ordinary people, how can they be held responsible?"

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Author

Introduction to Gu Yanwu (1613-1682), whose name was Jiang and whose courtesy name was Zhongqing. After the death of Ming Dynasty, he changed his name to Yanwu and his name was Tinglin. Later generations respectfully called him Mr. Tinglin. ．A native of Kunshan (now part of Jiangsu Province). He was a diligent student at the age of 14. When he was 14 years old, he often talked about Chao Gang, rebelled against the Qing Dynasty and restored the Ming Dynasty. After his failure, he visited famous mountains and rivers and devoted himself to his studies.

He was a famous thinker and scholar in the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty. He never wrote useless articles in his life, advocating that "writing must be meticulous" and "must be beneficial to the world"; his scholarship emphasized "application of the world", opposed empty talk, and focused on field investigation throughout his life. He wrote extensively and made great achievements in geography, epigraphy, and music. His books such as "Zhao Yu Zhi", "The Benefits and Diseases of Counties and Countries in the World", "Epigraphy and Stone Inscriptions", and "Five Books on Phonetics" are all of high reputation. Academic value. His representative work "Rizhilu" systematically expounds his views in philosophy, politics, economics and other aspects.

[Original text]

There is a country that will be destroyed, and there is a world that will be destroyed. The subjugation of the country and the subjugation of the world Xi Bian said: Changing the surname of Yi is called the subjugation of the country, so full of benevolence and righteousness that he leads the beasts to eat people, and people will eat each other, which is called the subjugation of the world.

Why did the people of Wei and Jin Dynasty talk about subjugating the world? This is what Mencius said about Yang Mo's words, which caused the world to become a beast without a father or a king. In the past, Ji Shao's father Kang was killed by King Wen of Jin Dynasty. During the revolution of Emperor Wu, Shan Tao recommended him to become an official, and Shao lived in a private family. When he wanted to say goodbye, Tao said, "I've been thinking about you for a long time." There is still news in the four seasons of heaven and earth, but it is almost the same as for humans. "It is passed down and recited as a clear statement, but it is not known that he has betrayed his righteousness, harmed his teachings, and led the world without a father. He was introduced to the Jin Dynasty, and he was not a king. He forgot his father and served him, but he was not a king. He was not dead for more than thirty years. During this time, he had been fatherless for a long time, but how could Tang Yin's death be enough to atone for his sins? And when he first entered the officialdom, he didn't know that there would be a failure in Chengdu, and that he could establish his reputation as a loyal person. Late.

Since the beginning of time, the ignorance of righteousness has spread throughout the world. Since Shan Tao is the leader of evil theories, Ji Shao's virtuous people have violated the rules of the world and ignored the evil doctrines. If they say that Shao is loyal, then Wang Pei will be accused of being unfaithful. Why is it that his ministers led his ministers to Liu Cong and Shi Le and watched their old master drinking in Qingyi without trying to move his heart? Therefore, if you know how to protect the world, then you know how to protect the country. If you protect the country, your king and his ministers will eat meat. If you protect the world, you are a humble man. How can you be responsible? >

There is the subjugation of the country, and there is the subjugation of the world. How to distinguish between the subjugation of the country and the subjugation of the world? That is: the surname of Yi is changed to the subjugation of the country; the road of benevolence and righteousness is blocked to the point of leading animals to eat people, and the relationship between people It is also a life-and-death relationship, which is called subjugation of the world.

Why can the people of Wei and Jin subjugate the world by talking about it? The reason is that Mencius said that Yang Zhumo Zhai’s theory made the people of the world have no parents and no emperor, thus degenerating. He is a beast. In the past, Ji Shao's father Ji Kang was killed by King Wen of Jin. When Emperor Wu of Jin established the Jin Dynasty, Shan Tao recommended Ji Shao to become an official in the court. Ji Shao was living in seclusion at home and wanted to refuse. He said to him: "I have been thinking about you for a long time. The four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter between heaven and earth sometimes change each other, not to mention the short life. "People recite Shan Tao's words as famous sayings, but they don't understand that his words ruin benevolence and righteousness, hurt education, and even make the world without parents. For the Jin Dynasty, Ji Shao was not his king. King, but he forgot that his father was killed by King Wen of Jin and went to serve a king who was not his. During the more than 30 years that he lived in the world, he had been a parentless person for a long time, so after Tang Yin, How can dead loyalty redeem his sins? Moreover, when he first entered the court as an official, how could he have known that the King of Jin would definitely be defeated, yet he was able to establish a reputation of loyalty and make his evening festival perfect!

Since the beginning of the Cao Wei Dynasty, the situation of unclear justice has spread all over the world. Since Shan Tao and others are the chief culprits of heresy, it makes wise men like Ji Shao risk the world's disapproval without any scruples. ．The two evaluations of evil and good cannot go hand in hand. If you think Ji Shao is loyal, then you must think Wang Pei is unfaithful. Otherwise, how can you blame the old officials of the Jin Dynasty for serving Liu Cong and Shi Le one after another? How could he be indifferent when he saw his late master, Emperor Huai of Jin, dressed in lowly blue clothes and drinking wine for others? Therefore, you must first know how to protect the world, and then you can know how to protect the country.

． Protecting the country is what the rulers who are kings and ministers have to consider; protecting the world, even ordinary people with low status have the responsibility.

Every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world. This is the social proposition of Gu Yanwu, a famous Confucian in the early Qing Dynasty. It means that the survival of the nation is the responsibility of every citizen

Regarding "Everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the world", the "Chinese Dictionary" said: "Every ordinary person is responsible for the rise or fall of a country." Gu Yanwu's "Rizhilu" in the Qing Dynasty... Therefore, it is said The two sentences "Everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the world" mean that every ordinary person has a responsibility for the prosperity of the country.

The idiom "Everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the world" has been a popular saying for many years. It was said by Gu Yanwu, but no one has ever pointed out which book it came from.

Liu Jiexiu reviewed Gu Yanwu's writings one by one, only in "Zhengshi", Volume 13 of "Rizhilu". "The following passage was found in the chapter: There is a subjugation of the country, and there is a subjugation of the world. Do you argue with the subjugation of the country and the subjugation of the world? He said: Yi changed his surname and changed his name, which is called the subjugation of the country; benevolence and righteousness are so full that he leads the beasts to eat people, and people will eat each other, which is called subjugation. The world... those who protect the country, their kings and ministers, and the carnivores seek to protect the country; those who protect the world, humble as a common man, how can they be held responsible!

Liu Jiexiu continued to search, and finally found in "The Ice Drinking Room" The answer is found in "Collection": China has been civilized for thousands of years, and the people are the most numerous on the earth, but they are close to animals. Who should be ashamed of it? Gu Tinglin said: The rise and fall of the world, the lowliness of one man, who is responsible for it? Ear! ("Drinking Ice Room Collection·Collection One·General Theory of Discrimination·On Early Childhood Education")

Today, I want to spread the national humiliation, and let our generation rehabilitate... There will be more in our generation. Well, if you want to destroy people and make a new start, what will happen? I don’t ask others, just ask me. Si Naizhen Gu Tinglin said that everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the world (ibid., "Collected Works, No. 33", "Poetrating Condemnation"). ·3》)

After careful analysis, Liu Jiexiu believed that according to the actual development and application of language, the semantic meaning of "every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world" originated from Gu Yanwu, while the eight-character grammatical pattern came from Liang Qichao. < /p>

Thesis

?Everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the world!

At that time, Gu Yanwu’s "Zhengshi", Volume 13 of "Rizhilu", contained the following paragraph He said: "There is subjugation of the country, and there is subjugation of the world. Are you arguing with subjugation of the country and subjugation of the world? He said: Yi changed his surname and changed his name, which is called subjugation of the country; benevolence and righteousness are so full that he leads the beasts to eat people, and people will eat each other, which is called subjugation of the world... protect the country... The ruler, his ministers, and the meat-eating people plot it; the one who protects the world is an ordinary man, so how can he be held responsible!" According to Liu Jiexiu's evaluation of the sentence "Every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world", it is believed that according to the actual development and application of language The semantic meaning of "every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world" comes from Gu Yanwu, while the eight-character grammar comes from Liang Qichao.

Regardless of whether it is true or not, everyone in the world agrees with this statement. The world belongs to everyone, and the country belongs to everyone. Everyone has the responsibility to think about the rise and fall of the world.

Those who are officials should be responsible for the world according to the way of officials. Those who serve the people should be responsible for the world according to the way of the people. If you fail to fulfill your responsibilities, you should not have the right to enjoy the corresponding rights.

However, look at the world today, how many people still think about the responsibilities they shoulder? Some people only think about the benefits of rights, but ignore their own responsibilities. So, how can the world give you rights fairly? ?

Everyone wants to make China strong and the people prosperous. However, this requires practical actions and efforts. Those who vent their dissatisfaction at that time, before venting, you can do your part. Are you taking responsibility? Of course, there are too many unsatisfactory things in this world that make people feel disappointed, and there are too many things that make people feel disappointed. But venting will not help, and it will not do much good to solve the problem. If you can think from the front Thinking about the solution, can it reduce everyone's dissatisfaction and disappointment? It would be great if complaining and swearing can solve the problem, but complaining and swearing can only make people feel worse, right?

Only China’s enemies or rivals do not want China to be rich and powerful, and even hope that China will be in chaos soon, so that they can take advantage of the opportunity to invade China again and plunder China’s material wealth. This is the point of every patriotic Chinese Isn’t it what people don’t want to see? China’s enemies hope that the Chinese people will not be united and that the Chinese people will fight among themselves. In that way, it will be easier to defeat China in war, economic and other competitions. So, as a Chinese, right? First of all, we should strengthen ourselves and unite? Should we always think about the responsibility of revitalizing China?

Just thinking is not enough, we must take action. In the face of China, where many industries are waiting to be revitalized, we must do a good job in every industry. , and think more about people's livelihood issues and various issues that can revitalize China to come up with good strategies, and implement them after discussion and improvement. Then, why should China not be strong?

I want to be an official When officials fail to fulfill their responsibilities as officials, and when people fail to fulfill their responsibilities as people, neither party has the right to blame the other party, but only if one party does it, the other party has the right to blame the other party. From what I do Everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the world! Everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the world!