Lu Xun chewed chili peppers to ward off the cold
Mr. Lu Xun studied hard since he was a child. When he was a boy, he studied at the Jiangnan Naval Academy. He had excellent grades in the first semester, and the school awarded him a gold medal. He immediately took it to the streets of Nanjing's Drum Tower and sold it, then bought a few books and a bunch of red peppers. Whenever it was cold at night and he couldn't bear to read at night, he would pick a chili pepper, put it in his mouth and chew it, which made him sweat on his forehead. He used this method to keep away the cold and insist on studying. As a result of studying hard, he finally became a famous litterateur in our country.
——————————————————————————
Being a king or studying?
The famous historian Macaulay once wrote to a little girl, saying, If someone wants me to be the greatest king, I will live in a palace all my life, with gardens, delicious food, fine wine, big carriages, and gorgeous scenery. clothes and hundreds of servants, on condition that I am not allowed to study, then I will never be a king.
I would rather be a poor man living in an attic with many books than a king who cannot read.
－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
Wang Yanan slept on a three-legged bed
Wang Yanan had great ambitions when he was a child , loves reading.
When he was in middle school, in order to gain more time to study, he cut one leg of the wooden bed he slept on half a foot shorter to make it a three-legged bed. He read late at night every day. When he was tired, he went to bed and took a nap. Then he turned over in a daze and the bed tilted towards the short leg. He was suddenly awakened, and immediately got out of bed and sat down at his desk to read at night. This happens every day, without interruption. As a result, he achieved excellent results every year and was known as one of the "Three Heroes" in his class.
Because he studied diligently when he was young, he finally became an outstanding economist in our country
——————————————————————————
Engels's reading method
One of Engels's reading methods is to pay attention to reading the original works, and generally do not easily use second-hand and third-hand materials.
On August 6, 1884, German Social Democrat Georg Henrich Vollmar wrote a letter to Engels, saying that there was a woman who was interested in socialism and planned to study social sciences, but she I don’t know which college to go to. Engels replied that this question is difficult to answer, because every science in universities, especially economics, has been severely damaged. The key is to self-study and master effective self-study methods.
Engels said in the letter: "Start learning from truly classical books, not from the most egregious brief readings on German economics or the lecture notes of the authors of these readings." "The most important thing is Yes, we must carefully study classical economics from the Physiocrats to Smith, Ricardo and other schools, as well as the works of the utopian socialists Saint-Simon, Fourier and Owen, as well as the works of Marx, and at the same time, we must constantly strive to come up with our own opinions.” In other words, it is necessary to read the original work systematically, because "studying the original work itself will not lead you astray by some brief readings and other second-hand information."
Judging from the list of books he has read, Although he also read a large number of popular pamphlets, newspapers and periodicals, he spent the most effort and read the most original classics. He believes that systematic reading of original works is a correct reading method for conducting research. In this way, one can understand the process of the creation, development and improvement of a theory, and not only comprehensively and systematically grasp the basic principles, but also grasp its development process and understand the whole picture of the theory.
————————————————————
Jack London’s “wolf-style” reading method
American writer Jack London After hard training, I cherish the opportunity to study very much. When he encounters a book, he doesn't use a small sled to secretly pick its lock and steal every bit of its content. Instead, like a hungry wolf, he sinks his teeth into the throat of the book, violently sucks out all its blood, and devours it. Take off its flesh and crush its bones! Until all the fiber and sinew of that book became a part of him.
Yang Zhenning’s “penetration” reading method
Professor Yang Zhenning believes that since knowledge penetrates and expands each other, the method of mastering knowledge should also adapt to this.
When we concentrate on studying a course or delving into a topic, if we consciously extend the tentacles of wisdom to adjacent areas of knowledge, we will definitely have a different artistic conception. If you are a link in those familiar knowledge chains, you are likely to get unexpected new discoveries.
For those books on related majors, if time and energy allow, you might as well read them. It doesn’t matter if you don’t understand them for the time being. Some valuable revelations may be coming from the semi-passage. Adopting permeable learning methods will broaden our horizons, active thinking, and greatly improve the efficiency of learning.
——————————————————————————————————
Maugham’s “fun” reading method
The British writer Somerset Maugham proposed the idea of ??"reading for fun". He said: "I don't advise you to read one book and then another. As for myself, I find that reading five or six books at the same time is not a good idea. More reasonable. Because we cannot have the same mood every day, and we may not have the same enthusiasm for a book even within a day."
—— ------------------
Einstein's three-step reading method of "summation, division, and combination"
The so-called summation means to first The whole book forms an overall impression. On the basis of browsing the general information such as the preface, postscript, and afterwords, read the table of contents carefully to gain a general understanding of the structure, system, clues, content, and key points of the book.
The so-called analysis means to skim the full text page by page but not word by word based on the "overall" understanding. When skimming, pay special attention to the key points, main points, and content closely related to your needs in the book.
The so-called combination means to organize and systematize the impressions obtained after skimming the whole book, so that the ideas and materials can be organically combined. After careful thinking and synthesis, the internal connections of the whole book can be clarified to achieve the purpose of summarizing, deepening and improving.
------------------
Yu Qiuyu's "Afraid of Friends" reading method
Essayist Yu Qiuyu proposed : "You should strive to find 'fearful friends' who are higher than yourself, so that reading becomes an enterprising activity that is both friendly and requires a lot of mental energy. Try to minimize the level of reading that is basically the same as your own level, and be willing to accept the influence of good books on yourself. There may be books of various levels in our bookshelves. The books that are suitable for intensive reading should not be those that we can look down and look at, but those that we need to look up to. ”
------------------
Gu Yanwu supervised his own reading
"Every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world." This is a well-known saying , was first proposed by Gu Yanwu, a patriotic thinker and famous scholar in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.
Gu Yanwu has been diligent in studying since childhood. He was enlightened at the age of 6 and started reading history books and literary classics at the age of 10. When he was 11 years old, his grandfather Liyuan Gong asked him to finish reading "Zi Zhi Tong Jian" and warned: "Nowadays, some people want to save trouble and think that everything is settled after just browsing a book like "Compendium" , I think this is not worthwhile." These words made Gu Yanwu realize that studying and learning is an honest thing and must be treated seriously and faithfully. Gu Yanwu studied diligently, and he adopted the measure of "self-supervision of reading": first, he set himself a number of volumes that he must read every day; second, he restricted himself to copying the books he read after reading every day. After he finished reading "Zi Zhi Tong Jian", one book became two books; again, he required himself to take notes and write down his experiences every time he read a book. Some of his reading notes were later compiled into the famous "Rizhilu"; finally, every spring and autumn, he would review the books he had read in the first half of the year, reciting them silently and inviting others to read them aloud, and discovered the differences. Check immediately. He stipulated that he should review 200 pages of classes in this way every day. He would never finish the review and never take a break.
——————————————————————
Qin Mu advocates “cow chewing” and “whale swallowing”
The famous contemporary writer Qin Mu, he reads a lot of books, newspapers and magazines every day and accumulates knowledge extensively. As a result, his writings are like jewels of knowledge, shining with a unique brilliance. When Qin Mu talked about reading, he advocated the eating method of cows and whales, that is, "cow chewing" and "whale swallowing".
What is "cow chewing"? He said: "After the old cow eats grass during the day, until eleven or twelve o'clock in the night, it is still moving its mouth, chewing the cud again what it swallowed during the day. We should do the same with things that need to be read intensively. Repeat it several times, chew it very finely, and then swallow it. Some books are swallowed in general first, and then they are carefully studied in sections. This way, even the most difficult to digest things can be easily digested. "This is "cow chewing". Intensive reading.
So what is "whale swallowing"? He said that the baleen whale, the giant among cetaceans, looks like a floating island when it swims. But it mainly feeds on small fish and shrimps in the sea. How do these gadgets fill its giant stomach? It turns out that the baleen whale keeps its mouth wide open when swimming, and small fish and shrimps flow into its mouth along with the seawater. As soon as it closes its mouth, the seawater leaks out from the gaps between its teeth, and a large number of small fish and shrimps are filtered out and retained. . After eating like this, tons of small fish and shrimps entered the whale's stomach. People who read extensively should also learn how whales eat. If a person wants to learn some knowledge, if he only has intensive reading but no extensive reading; if he cannot "devour" tens of thousands of words every day, it will be difficult to enrich his knowledge. You will definitely not be strong if you rely solely on exquisite snacks and vitamin pills to maintain your health.
"Cow chewing" and "whale swallowing" cannot be neglected. It is necessary to "devour" all kinds of books extensively and extensively, and at the same time, it is necessary to repeatedly study and savor a few classic works among them. In this way, intensive reading and extensive reading can be organically combined.
－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－
Feng Yuxiang’s study
Feng Yuyang’s (1882--1948) life study He was very studious. When he was a soldier, he would read whenever he had time, and sometimes he would stay up all night. When I was studying at night, in order not to disturb other people's sleep, I found a large wooden box, opened a hole, put my head in, and read with the faint light. When Feng Yuxiang was the brigade commander, the army was stationed in Changde, southern Hunan. It was stipulated that he should read English for two hours every morning. When studying, the door should be closed and a sign hung outside the door saying "Feng Yuxiang is dead" to prevent outsiders from entering. After the study was completed, the sign on the door was changed to "Feng Yuxiang is alive".