1. The full text of Cao Cao's accidental killing of Lu Boshe

Let's say that Cao Cao escaped from the city and rushed to Qiao County. Passing through Zhongmu County, he was captured by the guarding sergeant and captured by the county magistrate. Cao said: "I am a merchant, and my surname is Huangfu." The county magistrate knew Cao Cao well, pondered for a long time, and then said: "I recognized you when I was seeking an official position in Luoyang.

Cao Cao, how can I keep this secret? I will keep you in prison for a while, and I will send you to the capital tomorrow to ask for a reward. "The guard officer gave me some food and wine and left. At night, the county

ordered his relatives to take out Cao Cao secretly, and went to the backyard for interrogation. He asked, "I heard that the Prime Minister treated you well, why did you take it for yourself?

Disaster? " Cao Cao said: "The sparrow knows the ambition of the swan! Since you have taken hold of me, why bother to ask more?

Right. , said to Cao Cao: "Don't underestimate me. I am not a common official, but I have never met my boss." Cao Cao said: "My ancestors have lived in Han Dynasty for generations, if they didn't think about serving the country, what would they be like beasts? What’s wrong? I’ve dedicated myself to doing outstanding things, and I want to take advantage of the opportunity to do something good for the country. It’s God’s will to do this.”

The county magistrate said: “Where does Meng De want to go with this trip? ?" Cao said, "I will return to my hometown and issue an edict to summon all the princes in the world to mobilize troops to kill Dong." Zhuo: That's my wish. When the county magistrate heard this, he personally released his bonds. He helped him sit on the throne, bowed again and said, "You are the most loyal and righteous person in the world!"

Cao Cao also bowed and asked the county magistrate's name. The county magistrate said: "My surname is Chen, my given name is Gong, and my given name is Gongtai. My mother and wife are all in Dongjun. I am grateful to the public for my loyalty. I am willing to abandon my official position and run away from the public." Cao was very happy. . That night, Chen Gong collected the money, changed clothes with Cao Cao, each carried a sword on his back, and rode his horse back to his hometown.

After traveling for three days, we arrived at Chenggao. It was getting late. Cao pointed his whip at the depths of the forest and said to Gong: "There is a man here named Lu, whose name is Boshe. He is my father's sworn brother. So I went to ask about news at home and find a place to stay. How about it?" Gong said. : "The best." The two of them got off their horses in front of the village and entered to see Boshe. She said: "I heard that the imperial court was very anxious to arrest you. Your father has fled Chenliu. How did you get here?" Cao told the past events and said, "If it weren't for Chen County Your body has been shattered to pieces." Boshe paid homage to Chen Gong and said, "If my nephew hadn't been envoy, the Cao family would have been wiped out. I envoy you can sit down peacefully and stay in the thatched cottage tonight. "After that, he got up and went inside. After a long time, he came out and said

Chen Gong said: "I don't have good wine at home, so I can go to the West Village to buy a bottle for you." After saying this, he hurriedly got on the donkey and left.

After sitting with the palace for a long time, Cao suddenly heard the sound of sharpening a knife behind the palace. Cao Cao said: "Lu Boshe is not my close relative. He is here to be suspicious and should be eavesdropped." After the two sneaked into the thatched cottage, they heard someone saying: "How about binding him and killing him?" Cao Cao said: "That's right! If you don't strike first now, you will be captured." Then he and Gong drew their swords and went straight in. They killed everyone, regardless of gender, and killed eight people in a row. After searching the kitchen, they found a pig bound and ready to be killed. Gong said: "Meng De was too careless and accidentally killed a good man!" He hurriedly left the village and mounted his horse. After walking less than two miles, I saw Boshe's donkey. There were two bottles of wine hung in front of the saddle, and he came with fruits and vegetables in his hands. He called out, "Why did my nephew and the envoy go so far?" Cao said, "I was killed." Those who are guilty don't dare to stay for a long time. "Bo She said, "I have paid my family to kill a pig. Why don't you, my dear nephew, hate to stay here?"

Gu, just ride the horse. After walking a few steps, he suddenly drew his sword and came back, calling Boshe, "Who is here?" When Boshe looked back, Cao swung his sword and struck Boshe under the donkey. Gong Da was shocked and said: "I just made a mistake, what should I do now?" Cao Cao said: "When Boshe came home, he saw many people killed.

How can I rest? If I lead the crowd to chase, I will be killed. It's a disaster." Gong said: "Killing because of knowledge is unjust!" Cao said: "I would rather teach the world to betray me than teach the world to betray me." Chen Gong said silently.

That night, several miles away, I knocked on the inn door to stay in the moonlight. After feeding the horse, Cao Cao went to bed first.

Chen Gong thought: "I will call Cao Cao

Cao Cao is a good man. I abandoned his official position to follow him. It turns out that he is a wolf-hearted man! If he is left here today, he will be troubled in the future." He wanted to draw his sword to kill Cao Cao. Right

It means: if you are a vicious person and not a good person, you will be a good person. 2. How Cao Cao killed Lu Boshe

Cao Cao failed to assassinate Dong Zhuo and fled. On the way, he passed the residence of his father's sworn brother Lu Boshe. Lu Boshe stayed with Cao Cao for one night. That night, Lu Boshe went out. He bought wine and ordered his family to kill a pig to entertain Cao Cao.

Cao Cao heard the sound of sharpening a knife in the middle of the night, and heard the Lu family saying, "Tie him first and then kill him." Cao Cao was suspicious and thought that Lu Boshe was going to harm him.

So he rushed out with a knife and killed all the Lu family! Later, when he saw a pig tied up in the kitchen and ready to be slaughtered, he realized that he had accidentally killed a good man. Cao Cao left the Lu family and met Lu Boshe on the way back from buying wine. Lu Boshe said that he had ordered his family to kill pigs and prepare wine to entertain Cao Cao. Why was he leaving so soon?

Unexpectedly, Cao Cao actually raised his sword and killed Lu Boshe. Chen Gong, who was traveling with him, blamed him for being very unloyal.

Cao Cao said, I would rather let the people of the world fail than let the people of the world fail me. Chen Gong was stunned.

So Chen Gong went to seek refuge with Zhang Xiu. 3. There are better summaries or translations of Cao Cao offering his sword or Cao Cao mistakenly killing Lu Boshe. Urgently needed People's Education Press high school

One day, Cao Cao borrowed a precious sword from Wang Situ and hid it. When I arrived at the Prime Minister's Mansion, I walked into the small pavilion and saw Dong Zhuo sitting on the bed, with his adopted son Lu Bu standing at one side. Dong Zhuo asked, "Why did Meng De come so late today?" Cao Cao said, "My horse can't move fast, so I'm late." After Dong Zhuo heard this, he ordered Lv Bu to choose a good horse from Xiliang and give it to Cao Cao. Lv Bu went out. Cao Cao thought to himself: "The old thief deserves to die." He wanted to stab him, but he was afraid of Dong Zhuo's strength, so he didn't dare to act rashly, so he had to stand aside and wait. Chance. Dong Zhuo was fat and could not sit for a long time. After a while, he lay on his side. When Cao Cao saw him lying down, he quickly drew his knife and wanted to stab him. Dong Zhuo saw Cao Cao draw his knife from the bronze mirror and turned around and asked urgently: "Mengde, what do you want?" What are you doing?" At this time, Lu Bu also led the horse back, and Cao Cao hurriedly said: "I got a precious sword, and I want to give it to the Prime Minister." Dong Zhuo took the sword and saw that it was long and extremely sharp. It was indeed a precious sword. Dong Zhuo led Cao Cao When he came out of the pavilion to look at the horse, Cao Cao thanked him and said, "I would like to borrow the horse for a try." Cao Cao led the horse out of the Prime Minister's Mansion and galloped toward the southeast. Lu Bu said to Dong Zhuo, "Cao Cao seems to be planning an assassination attempt." Dong Zhuo woke up a little. So he sent people to chase him. At this time, Cao Cao had already galloped out of the east gate and escaped without a trace. 4. Cao Cao mistakenly killed Lu Boshe

Cao Cao fled to Zhongmou and was captured.

Because the county magistrate Chen Gong was dissatisfied with Dong Zhuo's behavior and was also a good friend of Cao Cao, he resolutely resigned to pursue a great career with Cao Cao. On this day, they came to Chengdu together. The local people had always disobeyed the orders of the Communist Party. The landlord Lu Boshe was also the sworn brother of Cao Cao's father.

Lu Boshe was very happy to see Cao Cao arriving. He asked Cao Cao and his party to stay first and ordered his family to prepare food. Cao Cao was lying on the bed to rest. Suddenly, Cao Cao heard the sound of sharpening a knife from outside. He suspected that Lu Boshe wanted to assassinate him, so he drew his knife and went out of the house, killing everyone on sight. Lu Boshe was also killed in panic.

After the killing, they came to the kitchen and saw a tightly tied pig on the ground. Only then did they realize that Lu Boshe wanted to kill the pig to entertain them. At this point, they had to leave Chenggao and find another way out. 5. Briefly describe the process of Cao Cao's killing of Lu Boxe in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms

However, according to historical records, Cao Cao's killing of Lu Boxe did not actually exist.

1. The record of "Book of Wei": Taizu (Cao Cao) thought that Zhuo would eventually be defeated, so he refused to bow down and fled back to his hometown. Congshu rode past his old friend Chenggao Lu Boshe. Boshe was not around, so his son and his guests robbed Taizu, took the horses and other things, and Taizu killed several people with his sword.

This means that in order to avoid Dong Zhuo's pursuit, Cao Cao and his entourage passed by Lu Boshe's house. Lu Boshe was not at home. His son and the guests stole Cao Cao's horses and belongings, and Cao Cao killed him. Got people. 2. The records in Shiyu: Taizu visited Boshe.

When Bo She went on a trip, his five sons were all there, preparing guests and officiating. Taizu thought he had betrayed Zhuo's fate, and suspected that he had his own agenda. He killed eight people with his sword and left at night.

3. Sun Sheng's "Miscellaneous Notes" records: Taizu heard the sound of his food utensils and thought it was for his own benefit, so he killed him at night. Then he said sadly: "I would rather betray others than others betray me!" Then he did it.

Based on the above three historical records, it can be summarized into two theories: First, Cao Cao killed people in the Lu family because Lu Boshe's son robbed his horses and property, and Cao Cao was not at fault for self-defense. But this theory is difficult to establish, because when Cao Cao passed by Lu Boshe's house, there were many followers. Even if Lu Boshe had five sons and guests, he would not dare to attack Cao Cao's group easily.

The second is that the Lu family treated Cao Cao as a distinguished guest, treating him with good wine and good food, but Cao Cao killed someone because he was too suspicious. This statement is also difficult to convince the public. Cao Cao is on the run, and Lu Boshe is his father's sworn brother. Cao Cao has no reason to kill innocent people indiscriminately.

If it was because Lu Boshe was afraid of "calling the police", there was no need to stay at Lu's house. Besides, there were no "online pursuits" and "AAAA level wanted orders" at that time, so wouldn't the murder leave even more traces? Therefore, no matter which statement is correct, there is absolutely no question of killing Lu Boxe, because Lu Boxe was not at home.

"Three Kingdoms" has no relevant records at all, and the fact that Cao Cao and Chen Gong stayed at Lu Boshe's house is purely a fiction and a fiction in the novel. (Picture source from the Internet) From this, we can infer that Cao Cao's killing of Lu Boshe in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" was adapted from the materials of "Shiyu" and "Miscellaneous Notes", coupled with the author's thought of respecting Liu and suppressing Cao, so he directed it Cao Cao brutally killed the kind and hospitable Lu Boxe and his family of eight, thus shaping Cao Cao's evil image.

A "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" has wronged Cao Cao for nearly 2,000 years. Cao Cao has truly become the most wronged person in history. If he is alive in heaven, I don't know how he would feel. However, Cao Cao seemed to have expected it. He pretended to write "Dan Ge Xing" and said: "Singing to wine, what is life like?" Like morning dew, it will be more painful every day.

Generosity should be treated with generosity, and worries will be unforgettable. The only way to relieve worries is Du Kang.

Green Zi Jin, my heart is leisurely. ··· ···· "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" writes that Cao Cao failed to assassinate Dong Zhuo, so he escaped from Luoyang alone and rushed to Qiao County. He was captured when passing through Zhongmu County. The county magistrate Chen Gong admired Cao Cao's loyalty and abandoned his official position to accompany him. escape.

The two traveled to Chenggao and stayed at the home of Cao Cao's father, Lu Boshe, and were warmly received. Lu Boshe went to the West Village to buy wine. However, Cao Cao heard the sound of sharpening knives behind the hall and suspected that For his own benefit, he and Chen Gong killed all eight members of the Lu family. In fact, the Lu family sharpened their knives just to kill pigs and entertain guests. Cao Cao and Chen Gong had no choice but to escape. On the way, they met Lu Boxe who was returning from selling wine. Cao Cao was afraid of exposing the truth, so he even killed Lu Boxe.

Chen Gong was surprised and asked why, and Cao Cao said: "I would rather teach me to betray the world than teach the world to betray me!" Luo Guanzhong also wrote two lines of poetry as a comment on this matter: "If He is cruel and unbecoming of a good person, and Cao Zhuo was originally from the same group. "This is how Cao Cao's image as an extreme egoist was formed.

In fact, the authenticity of this incident is quite doubtful. Of course, this does not mean that Luo Guanzhong made it up out of thin air. In fact, Cao Cao’s killing of Lu Boshe still has its prototype in the history books. of. "Three Kingdoms·Wei Zhi·Wudi Ji" states that "Dong Zhuo appointed Taizu as the Xiaoqi Xiaowei, and wanted to help him plan things.

Taizu changed his name and traveled eastward." Below this passage , Pei Songzhi quoted three materials, which are listed as follows: ① "Book of Wei" says: "Taizu Yizhuo will eventually be defeated again, so he refused to bow down and fled back to his hometown. He rode several times past his old friend Chenggao Lu Boshe. When She was not there, his son and his guests attacked Taizu and took the horses and other things. Taizu killed several people with his sword. ② "Shishuo Xinyu" says: "Taizu Guo Bo." She, Bo She was traveling, and all his five sons were there to prepare the guests and host the ceremony. Taizu thought he was carrying Zhuo's fate, and suspected that he was trying to do something for himself. He killed eight people with his sword and left at night. He heard the sound of food utensils, thinking that he was trying to kill himself, so he killed him at night. Then he said sadly: "I would rather betray others than have anyone betray me, so I will do it."

Chen Shou did not mention this matter in this article of "Three Kingdoms", obviously he did not believe it.

As for Cao Cao's capture when passing through Zhongmu County, although there are similar records, they do not specify that the county magistrate is Chen Gong, nor do they record the circumstances of the county magistrate's escape with Cao Cao.

The story about Cao Cao's killing of Lu Boshe written by Luo Guanzhong is obviously derived from Sun Sheng's "Miscellaneous Notes". In fact, the ideological tendencies of the three materials cited by Pei Songzhi are not consistent.

Among them, the record in "Book of Wei" is the most favorable to Cao Cao. It writes that "Taizu killed several people with his sword" was completely self-defense and irreproachable; "Shiyu" described Cao Cao's "night The act of "killing eight people" is attributed to manslaughter, which is still essentially beneficial to Cao Cao. In contrast, the description in "Miscellaneous Notes" is the most unfavorable to Cao Cao. Sun Sheng was "curious and full of emotions, but did not know what to say." "Injurious", many parts of his works cannot be regarded as historical facts, but even Sun Sheng also used the word "sad" and admitted that this was just a manslaughter. In addition, these three materials have one thing in common, that is, they emphasize that Lu Boshe himself was not killed, while the situation in "The Romance" is exactly the opposite. Luo Guanzhong emphasized that Lu Boshe himself was also killed.

Judging from the content of Lu Boshe's incident in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", Luo Guanzhong must have studied the three materials quoted by Pei Zhu in detail and made a summary. Because he obviously got the location of Lu Boshe's home in Cheng Gao from "Book of Wei", the number of eight people killed by Cao Cao was from "Shi Yu", and the two sentences about Cao Cao were from "Miscellaneous Notes" Evolved.

However, the above three materials all use manslaughter as the premise, and do not mention Lu Boxe himself. Luo Guanzhong may think that writing this way is enough to express Cao Cao's "evil", so he also included Lu Boxe. He was included in the list of those killed and became the ninth "wrongful ghost". After carefully examining Lu Boshe's affairs described in the three books, we found that they are not very reasonable.

"Book of Wei" says: "When Boshe was away, his son and his guests went to rob Taizu and took the horses and other things." I'm afraid. 6. The plot of Cao Cao’s murder of Lu Boxe’s family

1. The death of Lu Boxe, which is full of doubts

"The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" writes that Cao Cao failed to assassinate Dong Zhuo and escaped from Luoyang alone. He rushed to Qiao County and was captured when passing through Zhongmu County. The county magistrate Chen Gong admired Cao Cao's loyalty and abandoned his official position and fled with him. The two traveled to Chenggao and stayed at the home of Lu Boshe, Cao's father's old friend. They were warmly entertained. Lu Boshe went to the West Village to sell wine in person. However, Cao Cao heard the sound of sharpening knives behind the hall and suspected that he was out of his own way, so he and Chen The palace killed all eight members of the Lu family. In fact, the Lu family sharpened their knives just to kill pigs to entertain guests. Cao Cao and Chen Gong had no choice but to escape. On the way, they met Lu Boxe who was returning from selling wine. Cao Cao was afraid of exposing the truth, so he even killed Lu Boxe. Chen Gong was surprised and asked the reason, and Cao said: "I would rather teach me to betray the people of the world than teach the people of the world to betray me!" Luo Guanzhong also wrote two lines of poetry as a comment on this matter: "Those who have a vicious heart are not good men, but Cao Cao Zhuo Yuan was from the same group. "This is how Cao Cao's image as an extreme egoist was formed.

In fact, the authenticity of this incident is quite doubtful. Of course, this does not mean that Luo Guanzhong made it up out of thin air. In fact, Cao Cao’s killing of Lu Boshe still has its prototype in the history books. of.

"Three Kingdoms·Wei Zhi·Wudi Ji" states that "Dong Zhuo appointed Taizu as the Xiaoqi Xiaowei, and wanted to help him plan things. Taizu changed his name and traveled eastward." Below this passage. , Pei Songzhi quoted three materials, which are listed below:

① "Book of Wei" says: "Taizu Yizhuo was bound to be defeated again, so he refused to bow down, fled back to his hometown, and rode several times past his old friends. Chenggao Lu Boshe, Boshe was not there, his son and the guests attacked Taizu and took the horses and objects. Taizu killed several people with his sword. " ② "Shishuo Xinyu". It says: "Taizu passed by Boshe, and Boshe was traveling. All his five sons were there to prepare guests and host the ceremony. Taizu thought he was carrying Zhuo's fate. Suspicious of his own agenda, he killed eight people with his sword and left at night."

③ Kong Sheng's "Miscellaneous Notes" says: "When Taizu heard the sound of his food utensils, he thought it was for his own benefit, so he killed him at night. Then he said sadly: I would rather betray others than have anyone betray me, so I did it."

Chen Shou did not mention this matter in this article of "Three Kingdoms", obviously he did not believe it. As for Cao Cao's capture when passing through Zhongmu County, although there are similar records, they do not specify that the county magistrate is Chen Gong, nor do they record the circumstances of the county magistrate's escape with Cao Cao.

The incident of Cao Cao's killing of Lu Boshe written by Luo Guanzhong is obviously derived from Sun Sheng's "Miscellaneous Notes".

In fact, the ideological tendencies of the three materials cited by Pei Songzhi are not consistent. Among them, the record in "Book of Wei" is the most favorable to Cao Cao. It writes that "Taizu killed several people with his own sword" was completely self-defense and irreproachable; "Shiyu" attributed Cao Cao's behavior of "killing eight people at night" It was manslaughter, which was still essentially beneficial to Cao Cao; in contrast, the description in "Miscellaneous Notes" was the most unfavorable to Cao Cao. Sun Sheng was "curious and full of emotions, but he didn't know what to say was hurtful." His works Many places cannot be regarded as historical facts, but even Sun Sheng used the word "sad" and admitted that this was just a manslaughter. In addition, these three materials have one thing in common, that is, they emphasize that Lu Boshe himself was not killed, while the situation in "The Romance" is exactly the opposite. Luo Guanzhong emphasized that Lu Boshe himself was also killed.

Judging from the content of Lu Boshe's incident in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", Luo Guanzhong must have studied the three materials quoted by Pei Zhu in detail and made a summary. Because he obviously got the location of Lu Boshe's home in Cheng Gao from "Book of Wei", the number of eight people killed by Cao Cao was from "Shi Yu", and the two sentences about Cao Cao were from "Miscellaneous Notes" Evolved. However, the above three materials all use manslaughter as the premise, and do not mention Lu Boshe himself. Luo Guanzhong may have thought that writing this way was enough to show Cao Cao's "evil", so he also included Lu Boshe in the list of those who were killed. , became the ninth "wrongful ghost".

After carefully examining Lu Boshe’s affairs described in the three books, we found that they are not very reasonable. "Book of Wei" says: "When Bo She was away, his son and his guests came together to rob Taizu and take the horses and other things." I'm afraid this is unreasonable, because Cao Cao fled Luoyang in a hurry and could not bring much property with him. Even if he had money and silk, he was also accompanied by several servants. If he rashly robbed Luoyang with force, he might not be successful, not to mention Lu Boshe He is an old friend of Cao's father, and it is difficult to justify his son's affair with the guests. It is too simplistic to write that Cao Cao "said that he had betrayed his destiny and was suspicious of his intentions. He killed eight people in the night with his sword and left". It described Cao Cao as a suspicious and incompetent man who was worried about gains and losses, which also differed from his image. Doesn't match.

As for the records in Sun Sheng's "Miscellaneous Notes", there are even more loopholes. It said that Cao Cao killed people with the sound of food utensils, which seemed very childish. Moreover, even if Cao Cao said something like "I would rather betray others than have anyone betray me," it would be impossible for others to hear it. No one wrote daily notes for Cao Cao at that time. Therefore, "I would rather betray others than others betray me" should be Sun Sheng's words, not Cao Cao's. 7. Is it official history that Cao Cao killed Lu Boxe?

Cao Cao passed by Lu Boxhe's house on his way back to his hometown from Dong Zhuo. He suspected that Lu Boxhe's family was going to murder him and killed Lu Boxhe's family. . Luo Guanzhong of the Ming Dynasty processed this period of history in the historical novel "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", and it also became the source of Cao Cao's famous saying in the novel, "I would rather teach me to betray the people of the world than teach the people of the world to betray me."

"Book of Wei" says that Lü Boxe was an old friend of Cao Cao. When Cao Cao fled from Dong Zhuo, he and a few people rode to find Lü Boxe. It happened that Lü Boxe was not there, so Lü Boxe's son and guests The enemy tried to rob Cao Cao and his party, but Cao Cao counterattacked and killed several people. This is considered self-defense and there is nothing unkind.

Extended information

An old friend of Cao Cao. Cao Cao fled Luoyang because he failed to assassinate Dong Zhuo, but was rescued by Chen Gong on the way. They came to Lu Boshe's house together. Lu Boshe ordered his family to kill a pig to entertain the two of them, and went to the West Village to buy wine; but Cao Cao mistakenly thought that his family The sound of sharpening a knife was to kill him, so he killed all the Lu family members.

After leaving the Lu family, he met Lu Boxe who was returning from buying wine. Cao Cao was worried that Lu Boxe would report him, so he slashed Lu Boxe to death with a sword. Chen Gong therefore blamed Cao Cao for his unrighteousness, but Cao Cao Answer: "I would rather teach me to betray the world than teach the world to betray me." Chen Gong therefore believed that Cao Cao was an unjust person and left him.