1． To know is to know, and to not know is to know. This is knowledge. ——"The Analects of Confucius·For Politics" 2. A gentleman is ashamed of his words rather than his actions. ——"The Analects of Confucius·Xianwen" A gentleman talks a lot. There is no shame in doing less. 3. Although a scholar has knowledge, his conduct is basic. ——"Mozi: Self-cultivation": Although scholars are knowledgeable, personal practice is the foundation. 241. Although the road is short, it cannot be accomplished if it is not done; although the matter is small, it cannot be accomplished if it is not done. ——"Xunzi·Cultivation of the Self": Although the journey is short, you will not reach your destination if you don't walk; although the thing is small, you will not succeed if you don't do it. 4. Those who are good at speaking about the past will have a lesson in the present, and those who are good at speaking about heaven will be able to prove it to others. ——"Xunzi·Evil Nature" 5. Be careful in your words and careful in your actions. ——"Book of Rites·缁衣" 6. A gentleman learns hard and puts it into practice. ——Yang Xiong's "Fayan: Self-cultivation" 7. Seek truth from facts. ——"Book of Han·The Biography of King Liu De in Hejian" 8. Seeing is better than hearing a hundred times. ——"Book of Han·Biography of Zhao Chongguo" 9. It is better to retreat and build a net if you are envious of fish in the abyss. ——"Book of Han·Biography of Dong Zhongshu" 10. Things cannot be understood until they are effective, and arguments cannot be settled without evidence. ——Wang Chong's "Lunheng·Bo Burial" 11. The name must be worthy of the name, and the deeds must be successful. ——Xun Yue's "Shen Jian·Su Suan" 12. Play a thousand tunes and then the sound will dawn, watch a thousand swords and then recognize the weapon. ——Liu Xie's "Wen Xin Diao Long·Zhiyin" 13. The ancients left no stone unturned in their knowledge, and only when they were young and old did they succeed. What I have learned on paper is ultimately shallow, and I know that I have to do it in detail.

——Lu You's "Winter Night Reading Instructions for Zi Yu"