Coffee types and their characteristics

Charcoal-roasted coffee:

A unique roasting method that tastes mellow and bitter, and is a blended coffee prepared in the following proportions: Colombia 2, Brazil 2, Mandheling 1.5, Java 4.5.

Shade-dried charcoal coffee:

The coffee beans are dried under the shade of trees for 60-70 days, so that the sugar in the pulp of the coffee fruits can penetrate into the coffee beans. After brewing, they will With a naturally sweet flavor.

Italian coffee espresso:

It is the most basic Italian coffee. The deep-roasted high-quality coffee beans are ground into powder, and in a specialized coffee machine, the steam pressure principle is used to capture the steam directly through the coffee powder. It is characterized by strong aroma, heavy bitterness, and a layer of coffee oil on the surface. It is a highly concentrated coffee and should be tasted in a small cup.

cappuccino:

Made by adding an appropriate amount of hot milk and foamed milk foam to espresso. First add about 1/3 cup of espresso into the cup, then add 1/3 cup of hot milk, and finally add 1/3 of the foamed milk foam. The milk foam floats on the rim of the cup, like a hat on the cup, which is very pleasing to the eye. At the same time, the original coffee aroma is infused with the mellow aroma of cream. You can also add appropriate cinnamon or cocoa according to your preference.

French milk coffee:

Choose a stronger coffee, and inject coffee and fresh milk at the same time according to a ratio of 1:1 to make an authentic French milk coffee.

Caffe latte:

A coffee suitable for breakfast, you can choose to add milk foam or not. Add 2/3 cup hot milk to about 1/3 cup espresso.

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Variety of coffee

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Variety of coffee

At present, the most important coffee beans in the world mainly come from the three original varieties of Arabica, Robusta and Liberia.

The Arabica coffee tree originates from Ethiopia, and its coffee production accounts for 70% of the world's production. Almost all of the world's famous coffee varieties are Arabica species.

Arabica coffee trees are suitable for planting in high mountains with large temperature differences between day and night, as well as low humidity and well-drained soil. The ideal altitude is 500 meters to 2000 meters. The higher the altitude, the better the quality. Due to its weak resistance to pests and diseases, it is more difficult to grow than the other two types of coffee trees.

The origin of the Robusta coffee tree is Congo, Africa, and its output accounts for about 20%-30% of the world's output. Robusta coffee trees are suitable for planting in lowlands below 500 meters above sea level. They are extremely adaptable to the environment and can resist harsh climates and pests and diseases. They do not require much manual care during soil preparation, weeding, and pruning. It can be left to grow in the wild and is an easy-to-cultivate coffee tree.

However, its flavor is more bitter than Arabica, and its quality is much inferior, so it is mostly used to make instant coffee. Since it is produced in Africa, most Africans drink Robusta coffee.

The Liberian coffee tree originates from Liberia, Africa. Its cultivation history is shorter than the other two coffee trees, so it is only cultivated in a few places such as Liberia, Suriname, and Guyana. Therefore, The output accounts for less than 5% of the world's production. Liberian coffee trees are suitable for planting in lowlands, and the coffee beans produced have a very strong aroma and bitter taste.

arabica robusta

Usually planted in mountains with higher altitudes and usually planted in tropical areas with lower altitudes

It is difficult to plant. It requires high-density artificial care, is easier to plant, and does not require much manpower

Rich taste, good aftertaste, single taste, slightly bitter

Low caffeine content. Caffeine is Arabica. Twice the size

The bean shape is smaller and the middle crack is zigzag. The bean shape is larger and the crack is straighter

The price is higher and the price is lower

Used to make high-end coffee Beverages are mostly used to make instant coffee to reduce costs

Flat beans, round beans and elephant beans

Generally, the coffee beans we buy have one side that is flat and there are A cracked groove, which is the side where the two seeds (that is, coffee beans) in the coffee cherry touch each other. This kind of normal beans is called flat beans.

Some berries contain only one seed (for unknown reasons), which occupies the entire interior space of the berry and looks like two slightly smaller flat beans stuck together. This bean is called a peaberry and is often found on the tops of young coffee trees.

Usually there are more or less round beans mixed in a pack of coffee beans. In fact, the production of round beans only accounts for about 5% of ordinary flat beans, and because the flavor is richer, some are not afraid of it. Troublesome merchants will use manual methods to specifically select round beans and sell them at a good price, and some coffee enthusiasts even regard round beans as their first choice.

The so-called "elephant beans (or giant beans, maragogipe)" refers to coffee beans with particularly large particles in the same variety. For the same kind of beans, the larger the particles, the more expensive they are, but the quality is not necessarily directly proportional. In fact, the most ideal place for coffee to be produced is an area with a large temperature difference between morning and evening and near the Tropic of Cancer, so that the coffee beans will not develop too fast and become a loose-structured defective product (crops usually have a longer growth period than a short one). good, such as rice). But the smaller the coffee beans, the better. Maybe they are just stunted. Therefore, the size classification is only a reference. Merchants sell larger coffee beans more expensively. The only reason is that larger coffee beans look more beautiful.

Specifications and grades of coffee beans

According to the processing method: water washing method (also called "wet method"); dry method; semi-water washing method.

Washing method: Place the fresh coffee fruits in a sink, rub them with water and utensils to remove the pulp, and then ferment and wash them to remove residual gum and then dry them, which is called washed coffee beans. The coffee beans processed by the water washing method have a slightly thin flavor, but the quality is very stable.

Dry processing: After natural drying in the sun, the pulp and peel are removed with a shelling machine, which is called dry processing. It has rich flavor but unstable quality.

Semi-washed method: The most famous coffee processed using the semi-washed method is Indonesian Mandheling: the skin and part of the pulp of the berries are first peeled off (the same as the washed method), and then not washed. In the fermentation process of the method, the berries with residual pulp and gum attached to them are directly dried (similar to the drying method), and finally the dried peeled berries are wetted, and a special machine is used to grind off the pulp and seed coat. The semi-water washing method combines the advantages and disadvantages of water washing and dry processing, and the quality is between the two.

According to the particle size of coffee beans:

Generally speaking: among the same variety, coffee with larger particles is more expensive; while round beans are different from flat beans due to their growth characteristics. They are different, so they are usually smaller than flat beans of the same variety, but because of the unique growth characteristics of round beans, they have a richer flavor.

Flat beans and round beans

Filter mesh coffee bean specifications Filter mesh coffee bean specifications

>19 extra large, elephant beans>13 extra large

>18 large>12 large

>17 quasi-large>11 quasi-large

>16 ordinary>10 ordinary

>15 medium>9 medium

>14 small>8 small

<13 extra small - -

Based on the ratio of impurities and defective beans in the batch of coffee beans:

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During the processing, coffee beans will be mixed with some impurities (twigs, small stones, etc., especially in dry-processed coffee beans), and some underdeveloped coffee beans will also affect the quality of the entire batch of coffee. grade.

Divided according to the altitude of the coffee growing areas:

Generally speaking, high-altitude areas usually have large temperature differences and abundant sunshine. The coffee grown in these areas has a long growth period and a relatively rich flavor. , the quality will be better.

Appreciation of coffee

Regarding the description of the characteristics and flavor of coffee from various places, the most commonly used aspects are the following:

a, body (body) < /p>

It refers to the thick and thick texture of coffee after entering the mouth.

b, acidity

This acid is different from the sourness of fruits we eat daily. It is used to describe the bright, fresh and hearty taste of coffee. , some famous Arabica coffee beans have won the love of coffee lovers with their bright "acid" characteristics.

c, bitterness (bitter)

Bitterness is one of the most obvious characteristics of coffee. The main factors that affect the degree of bitterness are: variety (Robust species is more bitter than Arabica species); origin (coffee produced in some origins has a stronger bitterness, such as Sumatra and Java in Indonesia); roasting degree (darker) Roasted ones are more bitter than lighter roasted ones); Caffeine content (the higher the caffeine content, the more bitter it will be); Extraction time (the longer the extraction time, the more bitter it will be).

d, sweetness (sweet)

The sweet aftertaste is a characteristic of some good coffee. Generally speaking, no one likes "bitter", but the "sweet" and "sour" in the aftertaste "But it is what many people are pursuing.

e, aroma (aroma)

Refers to the most obvious characteristics of coffee after brewing, including: caramel flavor, fruity flavor, floral flavor, grassy flavor wait.

f, flavor

Refers to the overall feeling of aroma, sweetness, and body.

g, winey (winy)

Coffee from certain origins has a wine-like taste, which is essentially a combination of sourness and high alcohol content.

Coffee cupping

In addition to the appearance and size of coffee, cupping is the most important step.

The mainstream tool for cupping is usually a French press, which is performed by professionals. The method is as follows:

a. Put a certain amount of freshly roasted and ground coffee powder into a wide-mouth cup and smell its dry fragrance first;

b. Then brew it. Pour boiling water at a suitable temperature (around 95°C) and smell the wet aroma;

c, then use a cupping spoon to scoop up some coffee solution and inhale it vigorously into your mouth (the coffee solution should be as much as possible Spread in the mouth), carefully identify the original flavor of the coffee, and then spit the coffee out;

d. Finally, wait until the temperature of the coffee naturally drops to room temperature before tasting it for the final time.

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Abstract Colombian

----Coffee production ranks second in the world, second only to Brazil. The coffee beans are picked and rinsed by hand.

The best Colombian coffee is as famous as Jamaican Blue Mountain and Costa Rica coffee, and is listed as a classic variety. It has a strong aroma, moderate acidity, rich color, and a slight alcoholic taste like African coffee, so it is generally easier to accept.

Coffee varieties and flavors around the world

(1) Colombia

----Coffee production ranks second in the world, second only to Brazil. The coffee beans are picked and rinsed by hand. The best Colombian coffee is as famous as Jamaican Blue Mountain and Costa Rica coffee, and is listed as a classic variety. It has a strong aroma, moderate acidity, rich color, and a slight alcoholic taste like African coffee, so it is generally easier to accept.

(2) Costa Rica (costa rican)

----It has all the characteristics that coffee should have. Rich flavor and high acidity. A good Costa Rican coffee will give you a strong feeling.

(3) Decaffeinated Colombian (decaffeinated colombian)

----Before roasting the coffee beans, remove the caffeine to avoid the secretion of oil in the beans.

(4) Guatemala Antigua (quatcmala antigua)

----It is produced in the suburbs of Antigua, the old capital of Guatemala, hence its name. Its color, aroma, and sour taste are strong and special, which is different from other local varieties. It is a good choice for those who like strong coffee.

(5) Kenya aa (kenya aa)

----Produced on the 17,000-foot slope of Mount Kenya near Nairobi, the capital of Kenya. Kenya aa is the largest coffee bean in the country, followed by a and b again. Its unique bitterness and alcoholic taste are most praised by people. In terms of richness, the famous Moga and Ethiopia are not as good as it.

(6) Mocha djimma

----Named after the ancient Arabian port located on the Red Sea. This variety is produced in Ethiopia. After cleaning, the moga has low acidity, moderate concentration, fragrant aroma, smooth as cream, and an aftertaste like chocolate.

(7) Brazil Santos (brazil santos)

----Brazil is the largest coffee producer, accounting for more than 30% of the world, so generally coffee It was named Brazil to show its importance. Santos is a high-quality Brazilian coffee. It is only grown in the Sao Paulo area. It has excellent color, aroma, taste and moderate acidity, making it easy for people to accept.

(8/9) Java/Sumatra (sumatran and java) Indonesia

----Indonesian coffee is known for its strong taste and high acidity. Among them, mandheling and ankola coffee are known as the best varieties in the world. They are highly praised for their strong taste and the fragrance that lingers on the teeth and cheeks after drinking.

(10) Indian mysore

---- Mild color and aroma, low acidity, average rich taste.

(11) maragogipe

----Maragogipe is one of the coffee tree species with large fruits and strong permeability. Low acidity, moderate color and aroma.

(12) hawaii kona (hawaii kona)

----The most famous variety of Hawaiian coffee, produced on the low slopes of Kona Island near the Pacific Ocean, with moderate concentration and slight flavour. It is sour and has a light wine smell, and is famous for emitting a very aromatic smell when fresh.

(13) Noble coffee

----There is a coffee variety that has been blown by the humid monsoon wind for several weeks. Its beans are yellow in color and sweet. , little sour taste. Because the growth process triggers endless reveries and has a special sentiment, it is regarded as the most delicate variety. Among the monsoon coffees, the ones produced on the coast of Manaba are the best.

(14) New Guinea (new guinea)

----This coffee is grown in rugged mountainous areas. It is lighter than the coffee produced in Indonesia, and is slightly less fragrant and sour. , it is desirable to show mellowness in plainness.

（15）Jamaican Blue Mountain (jamaican blue mountain)

----Jamaican Mountain coffee has distinct quality, with the best being the Jamaican Blue Mountain coffee produced in the plateau. , has been highly praised in recent years and is the most popular variety of coffee, with a high price. This variety has impeccable color, aroma and almost perfect acidity. The Blue Mountain coffee currently available in the world market has been improved to retain the traditional color and aroma, while reducing the acidity to suit the tastes of coffee lovers.

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Tasting coffee

Taste coffee

Brew by hand

A cup of real coffee is ground and brewed by hand. After brewing, the color is as dark as light brown. When you add fresh milk, it turns golden and bronze. This cup of coffee is enough to make blue elves obsessed.

Encountering good water

Coffee is the essence extracted when ground coffee meets water. Therefore, in addition to good coffee beans, water quality and water temperature are of course key players in releasing the aroma of coffee. It is recommended that you install a filter containing activated carbon under the faucet so that you can have good water suitable for brewing coffee.

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Coffee Culture in Various Countries

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United States: American style with no taboos

Americans drink coffee like a game without rules, letting one go as one pleases, with no taboos. Americans are dismissive of the various things that Europeans pay attention to when brewing coffee. Americans drink coffee freely, and coffee has become an integral part of their lives. It has such a profound impact that life without coffee is not considered life. It is said that the Apollo 13 spacecraft, which was the first to carry humans to the moon, had a life-or-death failure on its way back. At that time, the ground staff comforted the three astronauts with one sentence: Come on! Fragrant hot coffee is waiting for your return. Whether at home, in the office, in public places or at roadside vending machines, Americans are inseparable from coffee almost twenty-four hours a day. In this way, it consumes one-third of the world's coffee production, making it the country with the largest coffee consumption in the world.

Generally speaking, life in the United States is relatively busy and stressful, and people in Europe and the Middle East are not as able to enjoy life in a leisurely manner. This is reflected in drinking coffee, which is often a large pot of electric filter coffee (dripcoffeemarker). ), from morning to night, because more water is added and less coffee (a cup of 10 grams of coffee to 200 cc of water), the taste is particularly weak, so many people criticize American coffee as being really unpleasant to drink. In fact, across the United States, coffee lovers can still taste their favorite coffee flavors as long as they put in a little more effort. If American coffee is simply divided into two categories: strong and light, the east coast of the United States is stronger than the west coast, and the south is stronger than the north. In terms of ethnicity, southern Europeans and Latinos are more fond of strong coffee than immigrants from England, Germany, and Northern Europe.

In addition, although the United States is the largest exporter of instant coffee, there are not many people in the United States who drink instant coffee. In recent years, as a result of their increasing emphasis on dietary health, the market for caffeine-free coffee (coffeeinelesscoffee) has increased, and the trend of drinking coffee without sugar has become more and more common.

Turkey: Breathtaking Turkey

In the ancient Middle Eastern countries, coffee is like the legendary myth in One Thousand and One Nights. It is the veiled girl with a thousand faces. It can not only help get closer to God, but also help people get closer to God. It is another spring of water that washes away sorrow. When talking about coffee, we have to mention Middle Eastern (Turkish) coffee, because no matter from the perspective of Islam or Christianity, the origin of coffee is in the remote and mysterious mountains of the Middle East. After a three-hundred-year ban on the role of Islamic religious circles from the 13th to the 15th century, coffee was officially introduced to Turkey in the 16th century, began to be commercialized, and quickly spread to the European continent. This method of drinking coffee, which is popular in Greece, Eastern Europe, the Middle East, North Africa and other places, is commonly known as Turkish coffee or Arabic coffee. It still maintains the mystery of early religious rituals. The traditional way of making Turkish coffee is to use roasted and roasted dark coffee beans, grind them into fine powder, put them together with sugar and cold water into a red copper coffee pot (ibrik) made like a deep spoon, and cook it slowly over low heat. , after repeated stirring and adding water, about twenty minutes later, a small cup of 50cc fragrant and strong coffee is completed.

Since the locals drink coffee without filtering, this cup of thick, soup-like coffee is poured into the cup. Not only is there sticky foam on the surface, but there are also residues at the bottom of the cup. In the Middle East, being invited to someone else's home to drink coffee represents the host's most sincere respect. Therefore, in addition to praising the aroma of the coffee, guests should also remember not to drink water even if their mouth is full of dregs, because that implies that the coffee is not good. drink. Arabs drink coffee slowly and leisurely. They even have a sophisticated coffee ceremony, just like the Chinese tea ceremony. When drinking coffee, they not only burn incense, but also sprinkle spices and smell the aroma. The dazzling array of coffee pots and utensils are full of wonders. Night story style style. A cup of Middle Eastern coffee with cloves, cardamom, and cinnamon added to it will fill the room with fragrance when it is hot. No wonder the Arabs praise it: it is as captivating as musk.

Italy: Passionate Italy

There are two things to be careful about when traveling to Italy: one is men; the other is coffee. In Italy, coffee and men are actually two different things, so there is a famous saying in Italy: Men should be like good coffee, both strong and passionate!

Italian coffee with the English name espresso has become widely known to coffee lovers in China in recent years. This kind of pure black coffee is rich and fragrant, with a layer of golden foam floating on the surface. It's scalding hot, like a devil escaping from hell. Every time you drink it, you'll be immersed in an indescribable charm that's unforgettable. The characteristics of Italian coffee are reflected in its English name, which is the word "kuai"; it takes no more than ten seconds to make and drink it quickly, because there are only two or three sips. Generally, the first thing Italians do when they get up is to make a cup of coffee, and both men and women drink it almost from morning to night. There are small coffee shops called bars everywhere on the street, selling a cup of coffee for about 400 lira, which is about 10 yuan in Taiwan dollars. For people to drink in one gulp while standing.

Italians drink an average of twenty cups of coffee a day. The coffee beans that are mixed into Italian coffee are the deepest roasted beans in the world. This is to match the special characteristics of Italian coffee pots for instant coffee extraction. Function. Since a cup of Italian coffee only weighs 50cc, and only six to eight grams of coffee beans are enough, this seemingly strong coffee actually does not harm the stomach at all, and even helps digestion! There is also a way to drink Italian coffee with milk, called cappuccino, which uses the steam from an Italian coffee pot above 130 degrees Celsius to beat the milk into foam and then float it on top of the strong black coffee. Sweet fresh milk, pure white and lovely; the charming espresso devil is transformed into a wonderful angel under its embellishment!

Central and Northern Europe: Moderate and rational Central European style

Unlike the Italians who are as passionate as the Italians, and not as romantic as the French, people in the Central and Northern Europe drink coffee. Reasonable and gentle, just like their strict national character. The lives of Europeans and coffee are almost inseparable. In addition to the unique coffee drinking methods in Italy and France, from Austria, Switzerland, Germany, and even several Nordic countries, the habits and tastes of coffee can be It is said that they are similar, they deeply understand the golden mean, and they are completely medium-strength flavors.

When people in Central and Northern Europe make coffee at home, they most commonly use simple hand-pour filter paper coffee makers, as well as the common household electric coffee maker (dripcoffeemaker) in Taiwan. Among them, the filter paper coffee brewing method (paperdrip) originated in Central Europe. It was invented by the German Mrs. Merita at the beginning of this century and was widely spread in European countries. However, coffee in business premises needs to be supplied in large quantities and quickly, and espresso coffee machines are still the world, but the coffee beans used have different flavors. Perhaps the biggest difference between drinking coffee in cafes in these countries and Taiwan is that they clearly separate coffee, sugar, and milk. Many cafes list different prices for black coffee and coffee with milk on their price lists. , some even include portion size as a factor in price differences. Some countries in Central Europe, such as Austria and Switzerland, are famous for their pastries. The variety of pastries they produce has naturally become another outstanding performance on the coffee table.

In recent years, the average coffee drinking among the people of the four Nordic countries has been among the top four in the world (more than a thousand cups per person per year). Their love for coffee can be described as Baha A libretto from the opera describes it best: Such wonderful coffee is sweeter than a thousand kisses and more intoxicating than old wine!

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Variety of drinking coffee Efficacy

The right amount of bitterness, richness and mellow aroma make people fascinated when they smell it. This is the charm of coffee. Especially when the weather gets cooler, a cup of hot, fragrant coffee will naturally warm your heart. Whether you are tired from walking and looking for a place to sit and rest, or find a good place to chat with friends, or you are looking for a good way to refresh yourself in the office, people can't help but want to get close to coffee.

Because caffeine stimulates the central nervous system and muscles, it can cheer up, enhance thinking ability, and restore muscle fatigue. Acting on the cardiovascular system, it can improve heart function, dilate blood vessels, and promote blood circulation. For the gastrointestinal system, it can aid digestion and help break down fat.

Helps lose weight

I believe many people have heard that drinking black coffee can lose weight. In fact, this is only one of the factors. Caffeine can indeed accelerate the decomposition of fat, but At the same time, muscle exercise is required to convert excess fatty acids into heat energy and be consumed. If there is no coordinated exercise, the excess fatty acids will flow back along the blood stream and accumulate fat again. Therefore, you need to be active at the same time after drinking coffee to achieve the real weight loss effect! Coffee itself has calories, but not much. The main calories come from the creamer and sugar you add when drinking coffee.

Antioxidant capacity

In recent years, foods with antioxidant functions have become popular in the market. Generally known vegetables and fruits are rich in vitamins A, C, and B. And tea, which is very popular in Japan, is considered a healthy food because it is rich in antioxidants, which can fight the damage of free radicals to the human body. A recent research report pointed out that coffee contains 4 times more antioxidants than tea and is more effective in fighting cardiovascular diseases. Coffee itself also complies with the principles of antioxidants, is dark in color and has a bitter taste. The amount of antioxidants contained in each coffee is also different due to the brewing method. For example, Americano contains the least amount of antioxidants, while espresso contains the most antioxidants. Adding creamer to coffee will not affect its antioxidant effect.

Improve dry eyes

Foreign reports point out that coffee drinkers are significantly less likely to suffer from dry eyes than non-coffee drinkers. This is mainly related to the purine component in coffee (purine-containing eye drops can stimulate the glands to secrete liquid, which has a certain protective effect on the eyes). This is of course good news for computer users who love to drink coffee, but it should be noted that coffee itself has a diuretic effect. Even if some of its ingredients have a protective effect, it is not suitable for people who already suffer from dry eye syndrome, and People who take any medicine containing diuretic ingredients must avoid taking caffeinated drinks to avoid exacerbating the loss of water in the body.

Can relieve pain

Headache caused by not sleeping well at night, or pain caused by vasoconstriction on the temple side, pain caused by these non-organic factors, are all You can use coffee to relieve pain, but it must be drank in the morning or noon (note: prohibited from afternoon to night).

Amount of coffee

Although coffee is good for the human body, you should not drink too much. It is appropriate to drink no more than 2 cups a day. For people who are prone to stress and anxiety, drinking too much may cause depression. harmful.

Coffee time

It is best to drink coffee after breakfast and lunch, because this can promote gastrointestinal motility, help digestion, and can break down high-calorie and high-fat foods. , and will not cause irritation to the gastrointestinal tract like drinking coffee on an empty stomach. It is best not to drink coffee after dinner, as it may affect your sleep. If you try to stay up all night by drinking coffee, you may unknowingly drink too much, which is bad for your health.

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Coffee Etiquette< /p>

How to hold a coffee cup

Coffee consumed after a meal is usually served in a pocket-sized cup. The lugs of this kind of cup are small and cannot be penetrated by fingers. But even with a larger cup, don't put your fingers through the ear end of the cup. The correct way to hold it is to hold the cup handle with your thumb and index finger and then lift the cup.

How to add sugar to coffee

When adding sugar to coffee, you can scoop the sugar with a coffee spoon and add it directly into the cup; you can also use sugar tongs to clamp the sugar cube near the coffee saucer first. Stand on your side and use a coffee spoon to add sugar cubes to the cup. If you put the sugar cube directly into the cup with sugar tongs or your hands, the coffee may sometimes spill out and stain your clothes or tablecloth.

How to use a coffee spoon

The coffee spoon is specially used to stir coffee and should be taken out when drinking coffee. Don't use a coffee spoon to scoop up coffee and drink it slowly spoonful by spoonful, and don't use a coffee spoon to mash sugar cubes in the cup.

What to do if the coffee is too hot?

The freshly brewed coffee is too hot. You can use a coffee spoon to gently stir it in the cup to cool it, or wait for it to cool naturally before drinking it. It is very rude to try to cool the coffee with your mouth.

The use of cups and saucers

The cups and saucers used to hold coffee are all specially made. They should be placed in front of or to the right of the drinker, with the lugs pointing to the right. When drinking coffee, you can hold the ear of the coffee cup with your right hand, gently hold the coffee saucer with your left hand, and slowly move it to your mouth to sip. Don't be satisfied with the cup, swallow it in big gulps, and don't bow your head to the coffee cup. Don't make any noise when drinking coffee. When adding coffee, do not lift the coffee cup from the saucer.

Drinking coffee and eating snacks

Sometimes you can eat snacks with your coffee, but do not hold the coffee cup in one hand and the snack in the other, eating and drinking alternately. You should put down your snack when drinking coffee, and put down your coffee cup when eating a snack.