on November 29th, 1948, the Northeast Field Army of * * *, together with the main force of the North China Military Region of * * * 1 million people, jointly launched the Peiping-Tianjin Campaign in Beiping, Tianjin and Zhangjiakou areas, and launched a decisive battle with 6, people of the Fu Zuoyi Department of the * * * Army. On December 12, Beiping City was surrounded by * * *, Nanyuan Airport fell, and the * * * army was exhausted, and Peiping and Tianjin were about to fall. Send an airplane to airdrop a letter to the commanders of the garrison in Peiping and Tianjin to boost morale. At the end of the Shouyu, he said in a tragic and helpless tone, "Stick to the aid, or you will die if you don't succeed. On the 13th, the guns of Beiping West Primary School rumbled, and the shrapnel fired by * * * whizzed over tsinghua campus. The teachers, students and their families in the school were greatly frightened and fled to escape, and Tsinghua fell into chaos. In view of this situation, the school had to announce the suspension of classes, and the teachers and students found their own way out. > At the critical moment when the national people were tottering and the building was about to collapse, Zhu Jiahua, Fu Sinian, Hang Liwu, Jiang Jingguo, Chen Xue Ping, etc. were instructed to discuss and plan the details of the "rescue plan for celebrities in the academic and educational circles in Pingjin" in Nanjing, and soon drew up the list of "rescue personnel". The list includes four categories: > (a) the administrative person in charge of each institution; > (2) Those who have to leave for political reasons; > (3) Academician of Academia Sinica; > (4) Those who have made academic contributions and volunteered to come to the South. > Peking University is moving south? > The plan is set and implemented immediately. Nanjing sent an urgent telegram to Zheng Tianting, secretary-general of Peking University, to make him quickly organize such heavyweight intellectuals to rush south, so that * * * business plans can be saved. When the cable arrived, he refused to get up on the grounds of preparing for the 5th anniversary of Peking University, and Mei Yiqi, the president of Tsinghua, who received the cable, also dawdled. At that time, there was a rumor in Peiping that Peking University was going to move south. As the president of Peking University, in order to stabilize the mood of teachers and students, he repeatedly refuted the rumor while actively preparing for the celebration: "If Peking University leaves Peiping, he can't be called Peking University, so there is no reason to move. "In fact, in the face of * * *' s aggression, Hu had the idea of moving universities in Peiping to the south and setting up Changsha Temporary University or The National SouthWest Associated University again, but it was just an idea, and before detailed planning, the * * * army came in like the tide, and the * * * army turned a few somersaults in the blast fierce wave that emptied the wall and became a little puss-head, hiding in the city surrounded by tall walls and not daring to stir up, only occasionally. Faced with the cartilaginous disease of these turtles and bastards and the bad manners, Hu Shi was deeply disappointed and there was no hope for the school to move south. In this case, he, who is known as the "anchor of the sea" in the education field of Pingjin, is faced with an urgent problem that must be decided-whether to stay or go? > > At this time, in view of Hu Shi's great existence in China's political and academic circles, * * * has also stepped up its efforts to win over and compete for it. According to * * * high-level instructions, several underground parties and former Hu Shi's disciples have sneaked into Peiping to do Hu's political and ideological work in various ways and methods. Earlier, Wu Han, who had abandoned his teaching post and left tsinghua campus, secretly sneaked into the Liberated Areas and waited to be a * * * senior official. He had specially assigned his own clique to find Hu Shi's secret talk, and let Hu stay at Peking University. Don't go looking for it with * * *. > Of course, in this conversation, Wu Han's instructions no longer represent "our people" that he declared to the two parties in the past, but "we in China". However, Hu Shi did not listen to the former disciple, and now he is instructed by a high-ranking official, so he replied coldly: "Don't believe that!" It means that I don't believe that your disciple Wu should not be dreaming in the world of yin and yang, which is "between two shores, and you can't tell the difference between cattle and horses". It is better to grease the soles of your shoes earlier-run away. Finally, Hu Shi took a clear-cut stand and told Wu Han three words: "In Soviet Russia, there is no freedom with bread; In America, there is both bread and freedom; Here they come, no bread and no freedom. 」> > Hu Shi > Wu knew that Mr. Hu had made up his mind, so he gave up his efforts. However, the top management of * * * still didn't care, so he made a psychological offensive in other ways. According to Ji Xianlin, then a professor at Peking University and head of the Department of Oriental Literature, when * * * surrounded the suburbs of Beiping, he said, "I went to the principal's office to see Hu Shi and discuss what issues. Suddenly, a man broke in-I forget who it was now. He told Hu Shi that the radio station in the Liberated Area had a special broadcast for Hu Shi last night, and advised him not to run away with Chiang Kai-shek Group and let him be the president of Peking University and the director of the Beijing Library in the future. All of us here are very interested in this news and want to see how Hu Shi reacts. I saw that after listening to it, he was neither excited nor happy, but unusually calm. He just smiled and said, "Do they want me? "Just five words spoke his mind. Well, it seems that he has answers, to escape with * * *. But it can't be said that he has a deep hatred for * * *. Otherwise, he would never be so calm, and he would go on the rampage and swear to show his loyalty to * * * and Chiang Kai-shek. Am I seeking truth from facts in this reasoning? I think so. Lao Ji added: "Therefore, it is not in line with the actual situation to say that he is a running dog of American imperialism and that he has" followed * * * and Chiang Kai-shek all his life ". 」> Chiang Kai-shek personally telegraphed Hu Shifei to Nanjing twice > It was not until December 12, 1948 that Hu Shi received a secret telegram from Nanjing Education Minister Zhu Jiahua: "Send a special plane to Pingping tomorrow to pick you up and Chen Yinque's family to Beijing", and Hu Shi had no intention of leaving Pingping. When the plane sent by * * * flew over Beiping, Nanyuan Airport had been controlled by * * *, and the plane could not land, so it had to return empty. On the 14th, Chiang Kai-shek personally telegraphed Hu Shifei to Nanjing twice and sent a special plane to meet him. Hu got the news and decided to fly south. Before he left, he sent someone to persuade Chen Yuan, the president and friend of Fu Jen Catholic University and a famous historian like Chen Yinque, to fly to Beijing, but Chen Yuan refused. To Hu Shi's surprise, not only did Chen Yuan, an old friend, not follow him, but even his youngest son, Hu Sidu, said that he would stay with his relatives temporarily and would not travel south with his parents. This refusal surprised Hu Shi and his wife, and they were angry and didn't know what to do. > In 1941, Hu Sidu defected to Hu Shi, who was an ambassador in the United States, and entered an American school. In the summer of 1948, he returned to China and reported to the Beiping Library on August 3, becoming an employee of Beitu. According to Deng Guangming, the anonymous secretary of Hu Shi's office, "Hu Sidu didn't want to fly with Hu Shinan at that time. He had just returned to Peiping from the United States and was not familiar with the situation in China in recent years. He said: I didn't do anything harmful. They won't do anything to me. As a result, Hu Shi and his wife left him behind. "Because of the emergency, Hu Shi can't and can't do the political and ideological work of this son with a rebellious attitude behind his head in a short time. Seeing that Hu Sidu is full of youthful and ignorant rebellious smell, Hu Shi and his wife feel helpless and have to crush their anger. According to the old saying that it is going to rain, the mother will get married, or the son will keep home-whatever it is. Hu Shi said a few words to his son not to go out to eat, drink, go whoring and gamble all day, and do nothing but work, and then he left. Not long after, Hu Shi drove to Deng Guangming's home, eagerly asking if he could find Chen Yinque, and said that Nanjing called yesterday, saying that a special plane was sent to Nanyuan Airport today to "rescue" Hu and Chen Yinque and other famous professors. Hu called Tsinghua to inquire about Chen's situation and told him that he had returned to the city, but he didn't know where to stay, so he asked Deng Guangming to find a way to find it. > Chen Yinque is blind > At the end of 1943, Chen Yinque bid farewell to Fu Sinian's invitation, and went to teach in yenching university, Chengdu, bypassing Nanxi Lizhuang with his family from Chongqing. After arriving at the school, I lived with a family in Fang Kuei Li, who was transferred from Shiyu Institute to teach at Yanda University earlier, and lived in a rented house in the school. Life was difficult. At that time, Chen Yinque was extremely weak and blind in his right eye. After class, he returned home, still nervously preparing lessons and studying academics with his only left eye in dim light. In the spring of 1944, Chen Yinque's class place was changed to the College of Literature of West China University, and the family moved to the Guangyi Dormitory in West China, and their living conditions improved slightly. Because the price is still soaring, the Chen family's daily necessities are not good, and his wife Tang Qing often suffers from heart disease, which can be described as hunger and illness. In this case, Chen wears a gown every week and goes to class with a bag. Due to poor life and malnutrition, Chen Yinke's retinal detachment in his left eye worsened and eventually he became blind. On November 23 this year, Chen Yinque wrote in a letter to Fu Sinian and Li Ji: "My brother's eyes were suddenly dim for the first 1 days, and he was afraid that the nerve omentum would be separated, so it became a waste. After inspection, it was that there was sediment in the eye bead water, which was not effective by surgery and medicine. The reasons were lack of nourishment, insufficient blood transfusion (or other reasons), aging first, and suffering from dizziness all day." 」> > Chen Yinque > On the process of Chen Yinque's blindness, Chen Yinque's daughter begged and recalled: "One morning, my father suddenly found his eyes dark and blind. First, ask me to inform him that he can't attend class that day, and then go to Cunren Hospital. Xiao Peng's notes: "My father was operated on by an ophthalmologist at Cunyan Hospital. According to my father, the operation in Chengdu was not ideal, and the retina was wrinkled together. Although it was treated in Britain in the future, it could no longer be flattened. In February, 1945, Chen Yinque wrote a book "I hate my eyes for a long time" to express my resentment and sadness. Poetry: > It's a waste of time. I'm right and wrong, sighing that Changhong wants to violate it. > Writing is ashamed of being willing to destroy, and his wife and children are unwilling to be cold and hungry. > In the west, the sea is full of empty promises, and in the north, you Yan Gu is waiting to return. > My late husband stayed in Beiping for the time being, waiting to be buried in the West Lake. > How much hate for eight years, Cai Weiwei has blood on his clothes. > In the poem, the phrase "floating in the west to the sea and making empty promises" means that I tried to give lectures in England several times, but I didn't make it. This wish was not realized until after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War. > In the autumn of 1945, the Royal Society and Oxford University once again invited Chen Yinque, who was blind, to go to London to be treated by British doctors, hoping to stay in Oxford to give lectures after being cured. Chen accepted the invitation, set off from Chengdu via Kunming, transferred to India, went to England by seaplane, and entered the hospital arranged by the other party for treatment, but the operation failed in the end. On February 19th, 1946, Mrs. Chen sent a letter to Fu Sinian for help, and talked about Shi Yu's affairs. The letter said: "Yin Ke intended to go to the United States with Guo Zijie's brother to see if there were any other ways to compensate for the blur of his left eye, but he was afraid that the money he brought was not enough. This matter is still in doubt. Would you please talk to Mr. Xian and Mr. Liwu? "He added:" The manuscript of Yuan Bai's poems has been copied, and it can be printed after Yin Ke returns and is edited. Can this copying fee come from the Institute of History and Language? About 3 thousand or so (not calculated in detail) What is the history of language? Do you have any plans? The whole closure of Yanda University in Chengdu is over, and the appointment of professors depends on the letters of appointment of Peiping and Yanda University, and the candidates can only talk about returning to Ping. Beiping has repeatedly written to La Yinke (Harvard Research Institute is just a research work), but Yin Ke has not yet answered. What do you think, sir? I hope a letter can be sent directly to England to help it consider. 」> After receiving the letter, Fu Sinian, who is between Chungking and Kunming to deal with The National SouthWest Associated University's * * *, made an effort and gave an answer. However, from the later situation, it seems that the fund-raising has not achieved much. Chen Yinque, who was treated in London, was first treated by Sir Steward Duke-Elder, a famous ophthalmologist. After the first operation, she made progress, but the light absorbed by her eyes was still blurred. The second operation tried to stick the detached part and failed. But the situation seems to be better than when I went abroad, and the doctor told me that there is no need for another operation. Chen Yinque still had the last glimmer of hope, so he asked Professor Xiong Shiyi, who was visiting abroad, to send the medical certificate of the British doctor to his old friend Hu Shi, who was still in the United States, for help. Hutuo sent the medical certificate to Columbia Ophthalmology Institute for consultation, but the other party told him that there was no good way to operate. Hu Shi was "very sad", so he had to entrust Quan Hansheng, who was visiting the United States, with a thousand dollars to show his care. On April 16, 1946, Hu Shi wrote in his diary: "Yin Ke is a major town in China's history circle, because of his rich inheritance, careful reading and exquisite workmanship. It is really a great loss for the academic circle to lose both eyes." 」> According to Xiao Peng's pen, Chen Yinque "after arriving in Britain, due to the end of the Second World War, his nutrition was very poor. Although he applied electro-acupuncture to the retina, it could not be recovered because the retina was wrinkled together." Since then, Chen Yinque's eyes have been completely blind, and a generation of historians will spend the rest of their lives in darkness, which is a great sigh. For this reason, Chen wrote the sentences of "a lifetime of anger has made him what he is today" and "the remaining years have sent desolation", expressing his pessimistic state of mind. > On March 16th of the same year, Tang Qing wrote to Fu Sinian again, saying that Chen Yinque "originally planned to go to America, but now due to various inconveniences and insufficient travel expenses, he decided to wait for the boat and find a companion to return home". At the same time, it is mentioned that "Yin Ke has four boxes of books, which will be sent to Nanjing with the demobilization of the Institute of History and Language. I can take a lift from fifty factories to Chongqing beforehand, but I don't know who I can give it to. At Mr. Qi's discretion, designate a place where someone can contact and keep it for him. " Finally, I mentioned: "Yin Kelai said in a book: I have been to politely decline for a great event about Yan, and I want to go back to Tsinghua or the Institute of History and Language to specialize in books. 」> > Blind Chen Yinque > Fu replied immediately after receiving the letter. On the matter of the bookcase, I wrote to Li Zhuang to instruct Na Lianjun, a document and librarian of Shiyu Institute, to handle it. At this time, Chen Yinque was on a ship returning to China. For this experience, Yang Liansheng, a high-heeled student in Tsinghua's time, once had a memory: "After studying in the United States, on April 19, 1946, he and his brother Zhou Yiliang (the most promising young scholar at that time) went with Mr. and Mrs. Zhao Yuanren to visit Mr. in the steamer moored at Pier 26 in new york. Mr. Shi's eyes are almost completely blind, and he only looks at people and objects, only the outline. Because the omentum fell off, it was treated by a famous doctor in Britain and failed to be treated by surgery. (Mr. Wang was hired by the Chinese Department of Oxford University as a lecturer, but he did not take up his post, but he took this opportunity to go to see a doctor. ) set sail for home, told new york, originally planned to try medical treatment again, but after hearing about American famous doctors, there was no good plan, so I decided not to land. At about 3: 3 pm that day, Mr. Wang first heard the voice of Mrs. Yunqing and Mr. Yuan Ren calling in the cabin, and he suddenly choked with sadness. But he soon regained his composure and talked for nearly an hour. For the recent situation of Yiliang and Liansheng, please inquire in detail. At that time, both of them have completed their doctoral studies at Harvard and will soon return to China to teach. ..... This is the only time that Liansheng paid a visit to Mr. Li abroad, and it is also the last time in his life. Zhao Yuanren's wife Yang Buwei, who went to visit, later recalled: Chen Yinque "slept in the cabin bed and said to me," Mrs. Zhao, although I can't see you, you still look like you are in front of me. "This is the last time (we) met. This scene made Zhao Yuanren and his wife burst into tears. Since then, Chen and Zhao, two former Qing * * * college tutors, have been members of Academia Sinica.