hi.baidu.com/wangshaofan/blog/item/be3ede194ea52c7bdbb4bd4a.html

Poetry and Intuition - Zhu Guangqian's "On Poetry"

The realm of poetry is What can be seen through "intuition" is the content of "intuitive knowledge" rather than the content of "nominal knowledge".

Reading or writing a poem often requires hard thinking. After thinking, once you suddenly understand it, the realm of the whole poem suddenly appears in front of you like a flash of inspiration, making people relaxed and happy, forgetting everything. . This is intuition, what the Zenists call "enlightenment."

If a realm cannot become an independent and self-sufficient image in intuition, it has not become a poetic realm.

Any creative "view" is intuition. When concentrating on contemplation, there is only one complete image in the mind, without comparison, analysis, or interference. The result is that things and I often forget and become consistent, tastes and things communicate back and forth, and people and things merge unconsciously. This kind of The phenomenon is called "empathy."

The realm of poetry is the combination of scenes. Things in the universe are always changing and developing, and scenes arise from each other. Therefore, the realm of poetry is created by creation. Beautiful and wonderful verses come from the poet’s intuition, which is the source of life and death. Endlessly.

As far as the situation of poetry fits the realm, there is no difference between appreciation and creation. Appreciating a poem is recreating a poem; creation will never be repeated, and appreciation will never be repeated. The true realm of poetry is infinite and always fresh.

The universe and human life, as analyzed by Schopenhauer, contain two elements: will and image.

When there is will, there are needs, and when there are emotions, needs and emotions are the source of all suffering and sorrow.

The savior of life's pain is imagery. Imagery is the externalization of will. With imagery, people can achieve a transcendent status. They can overlook the struggle of will with detachment and suddenly realize the strangeness of the outside world, which is very pleasing to the eye.

Based on Schopenhauer's pessimistic philosophy, Nietzsche developed the theory of "liberation through images".

He used the names of two Greek gods to symbolize the conflict between will and image. The will is Dionys, the god of wine, endowed with vitality and enthusiasm that is ready to stir at all times. At the same time, he feels the pain of change, so he indulges in all the pain and indulges in drunkenness, drunkenness with beautiful women, and intoxicated with singing and dancing.

Pain is the basic spirit of Dionysus, and singing and dancing are the arts expressed by the spirit of Dionysus.

The image is like the sun god Apollo, who shines from a high place, and all things in the world appear in image through his brilliance. He is calmly watching and contented. When all "changes" are obtaining "images", It is destined to become "true" (return to its true self).

Tranquility is the basic spirit of Apollo, and pictures and sculptures are the arts expressed by the spirit of Apollo.

These two spirits were absolutely opposite and in conflict, but the wisdom of the Greeks achieved a miracle of breaking this conflict.

They diverted Apollo's mirror to shine on the painful struggle of Dionys, so the will was externalized in the image, and the pain was transformed into solemn and beautiful form. The result was the emergence of Greek tragedy. Tragedy is a path for the Greeks to "liberate themselves from images". Tragedy is the image of beauty that the Greeks saw in flaws, disasters, and sins from an artistic point of view.

Although Nietzsche refers specifically to tragedy, it can also be applied to poetry and art in general.

Ordinary people are bound by taste when they feel the taste. But when the poet feels the taste, he can jump aside and calmly regard it as an image to observe and play with.

The British poet Wordsworth said from his own experience: "Poetry begins from the mood that has been recalled in silence." This is a wise saying. Nietzsche adopted the truth stated in a book, but he Just say it in one sentence.

Feeling the interest and recalling it in silence is the poet’s unique skill.

Ordinary people’s emotions are like the sluggish flow after rain, mixed with mud and rotten wood, rushing in with great force and leaving without a trace.

The poet's emotions are like stagnant water in a winter pond. The dregs have settled away and become crystal clear. The skylight, clouds and shadows are dazzling.

The aftertaste in silence is the poet's percolating procedure, and the spiritual enlightenment is the poet's percolating device.

In the real world, there are conflicts and conflicts everywhere. The happy ones cause pursuit, and the sad ones cause fear. In the realm of poetry, all worries and concerns are washed away, and the happy and sad are the same. Those who conflict with each other will find their own place, and they will live in peace and harmony.

This is a Greek tragedy, with the purpose of purifying people's hearts, and it is also the poet's wonderful use in transforming empathy.