I think the limitation of Wang Dao lies in (I think Wang Dao is one of his thoughts, which is inevitably related to his fundamental thoughts and theories and can be seen together):

1. Mencius' thought has serious class nature and limitations of the times. Mencius himself is at the moral top of the times. Therefore, his thoughts often have a strong retro conservative color.

Mencius' thought is to change the darkness of reality, improve human nature and consolidate the country. However, after all, his thought of kingship is aimed at maintaining the feudal system. Mencius saw that the people were exploited and oppressed by the feudal landlord class and tried to take these measures to ease class contradictions and consolidate the rule of the landlord class. So he preached: "Those who work hard govern people, and those who work hard govern people." The view that man eats man, man eats man and the meaning of the world is universal has long been the theoretical basis for defending the exploitation system. The fundamental contradiction between the people and the rulers cannot be fundamentally solved. It can be seen that Wang Dao can no longer meet the requirements of the development of that era. I think Wang Dao is a little idealistic. Because in the war years when materials were extremely scarce, the rulers could not meet the requirements of the king in order to satisfy their greed. The progressive significance of Mencius' theory;

1. Mencius' kingly way is based on maintaining the feudal system, but it is of certain significance to stabilize the economy, develop production, reduce the burden on the people, and reduce the pain of farmers' migration and displacement due to land loss.

2. His thought is an important development stage of pre-Qin Confucianism, and it is an inheritance to Confucius and an enlightenment to Xunzi. It has had an important political and ideological influence on politics, economy and culture of later generations, and has also had a wide influence on eastern and western cultures. (Hey hey. . The above are only personal opinions, and the following are for reference. ) Mencius' thought comes from Confucius. Mencius developed Confucius' "benevolence" into the theory of "benevolent government". He believes that to implement "benevolent government", it is necessary to "control the people's permanent production" so that every farmer can have a hundred acres of land, five acres of houses and the minimum means of production; "Don't rob the farming season" to ensure that farmers have time to work; "save punishment and light taxes" to give people the lowest material living conditions; Strengthen moral education to make people understand the truth of "filial piety and faith". In connection with the theory of "benevolent government", Mencius also put forward the view that "the people are more valuable than the monarch", saying: "the people are more valuable, the country is second, and the monarch is lighter" (Mencius). He believes that only with the support of the people can the monarch achieve and maintain his dominant position. Therefore, he advocated that the monarch should mainly implement "benevolent government" and "have fun with the people." China people can kill the monarch who destroys the people. Shang Zhouwang is a famous tyrant in history. The king of Wu attacked Zhou. He thought it was right to kill him. He said, "I have heard of killing husbands, but I have never heard of killing kings" (Mencius Hui Liang Wang Xia). Although Mencius sympathized with the people and condemned the tyrant, his thoughts were reflected in Mencius. The theory of good nature is the cornerstone of Mencius' thought, which runs through the whole ideological system. It provides the possibility of self-cultivation and self-improvement; It provides a theoretical basis for solving human problems and even social problems by means of education. He advocates that everyone is born good and has "four hearts", namely compassion, shame, respect and right and wrong. This "four hearts" is the beginning of benevolence, righteousness, courtesy and wisdom.

"Benevolence is king" is the core content of his political thought. He systematically expounded the theory of "benevolent government" type social harmony, that is, based on economic harmony, with moral harmony as the core, harmony from top to bottom as the main task, and good governance and good education as the two wings. He advocated "serving people with virtue" and opposed violence in governing the country. He believes that only virtue can make people "completely convinced". "Paying more attention to the people than the monarch" is an important part of his theory of "benevolent government". He put the people first and put forward that "the people are the most important, the country is the second, and the monarch is the light".

Mencius also attached great importance to the cultivation of personality. His famous saying, "Wealth cannot be lewd, poverty cannot be moved, and power cannot be bent", has played an inestimable role in shaping the spiritual character of the Chinese nation, especially the character of outstanding intellectuals in China. Mencius emphasized human value and dignity, and even more emphasized human social responsibility. He praised Yu Ji's spirit of saving the world and advocated enjoying it and worrying about it. He believes that life and justice are precious to human beings. When we can't have both life and righteousness, we should give up life for righteousness.

In educational thought, Mencius attached great importance to the cultivation of talents, and regarded "educating talents in the world" as the greatest pleasure in life. He believes that "it is easy for everyone in the world, but it is difficult for everyone in the world" and "respecting the virtuous and enabling Jie Jun to be in power" are the foundation of the country's prosperity. He inherited and carried forward Confucius' educational thought, and put forward the educational purpose of "understanding human relations" based on "good nature", with special emphasis on independent thinking and independent thinking in the learning process.

Mencius has been away from us for more than two thousand years, and his theory of good nature has become the mainstream of China's traditional theory of human nature. His theory of "Wang Dao Ren Zheng" was regarded as the way of governing the country by successive dynasties. His theory of conscience inspired the reformists of Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties. His theory of nourishing qi provided valuable ideological data for the later theory of mind and nature; His idea that the benevolent is invincible, the Tao helps more, and the Tao helps less is the highest guiding principle of later diplomacy and military affairs. He cares about agricultural production and keeps people from hunger and cold, and has been regarded as a standard by politicians for thousands of years. His theory of social harmony is the representative of China's ancient theory of social harmony, which still has many inspirations for us to build a harmonious socialist society today.

Mencius' thought has far-reaching influence not only at home, but also abroad. Due to geographical and political reasons, Mencius was first introduced to Korea, Japan, Vietnam and other countries together with other Confucian classics. Mencius' thoughts and theories have also been widely spread in the west. As early as the 21st year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1593), Italian missionary Matteo Ricci translated Mencius into Latin and sent it back to his country. Subsequently, Mencius was translated into French, German, English and Russian and published in western countries. Oxford University lists the chapters in Mencius as compulsory courses. The University of London listed Mencius as an ancient textbook. Faced with various social problems after western modernization, many western scholars have developed a strong interest in Mencius' ideological theory, especially the theory of moral mind and nature, hoping to find a solution to today's social problems.

Mencius is Zoucheng's most influential figure in the cultural history of China and the world. Mencius has always been a treasure of world civilization. Mencius belongs not only to Zoucheng, China, but also to the world and all mankind.