But why did Liu Bang succeed? Many people say that he will make good use of people, which is good, but I think there are two points to add. This man is very confident, and his life is full of confidence. This man has charm, and his charm makes people want to follow him involuntarily.
Let's talk about confidence first
There are two ancient poems, which taste sour and salty on earth. When the voice of life is incomplete, who has confidence? It means that people can meet anything in their lives in Jianghu. It's hard to guarantee that you will be full of confidence all your life. It is difficult to have all the fame and fortune in one's life. Being famous is not necessarily beneficial, and it is not necessarily beneficial to have a good reputation. In a word, it is difficult to be confident all your life, and it is too difficult to be famous and famous all your life. But the Liu Bang we are talking about is unique and confident all his life. He is great. He has been confident all his life. The first stage is anti-Qin, the second stage is to destroy the item, and the third stage is to consolidate the political power.
When talking about fighting Qin first, Liu Bang showed the spirit of being the first in the world. At the beginning of Pei County, when he was fighting, he wanted to choose a person as a pledge. Xiao He and Cao Can refused to do so for fear of extinction. Only Liu Bang dared to do it and became Pei Gong. Qin law is harsh, and anti-Qin will inevitably destroy the nation. Liu bang dares to take the lead. Liu bang was only half right because of his courage. He was confident. He didn't expect to fail from the first day he opposed Qin. Therefore, he is not only not afraid of being repeatedly praised, but also has a confident outlook on life. This is a typical example. The second example is not being defeated. At the beginning of Liu's reign, he handed over Fengyi to Yongchi. As a result, Yong Zhi defected. Why? Yong Chi defected because he didn't admire Liu Bang. He was very passive. Another reason is that Zhoucheng (gospel) was ordered to capture Wei land and soon occupied Wei land. Later, I took aim at Feng Yi, who belonged to Pei County at that time. In those days, Feng Yi was now called Feng Xian, and Pei County was called Pei County. Yong Chi defends Feng Yi. If you don't surrender, you will kill Feng Yi. Yong Chi voted for Wei. Feng Yi lost, Liu Bang was anxious, the attack failed, and he fell ill with anger. When he recovered from his illness, he realized that he had to borrow soldiers and find Ju Jing. New here, trouble is coming, and late is coming. Ju Jing dare not short radius, two people together against Qin Jun, is not smooth. Liu retired, laid the party and county alone, and retired five or six thousand troops. He had an army of 9000 men, attacked and lost again. After two failures, he had to borrow soldiers. He took a fancy to Xiang Liang. Xiang Liang appreciated him, gave five thousand soldiers, laid down Feng Yi, and Yong Chi fled Wei. This is a very important event in the early days of army building. The third attack on Fengyi shows that there was a very good moral character at the beginning of the army, which can be defeated, but it will not be defeated. The person who succeeds in the end is the one who is defeated and does not collapse. Because he is confident.
Besides, he dares to be king. Why did Xiang Yu hit Liu Bang? Liu Bangbing is inferior to man, and his strength is inferior to man. He dared to defend Hangu Pass and call himself the King of Guanzhong to show his confidence. At least dare to be king, this is what Han Xin lacks. Liu bang dared to take the lead from the beginning. All entrepreneurs have a spirit and dare to be the chairman. This spirit is shared by all entrepreneurs. Liu Banggan is king, which shows that he is quite confident. Although self-confidence at this time is a bit arrogant, this courage is not simple. The fourth example is Cheng Peng's defeat, Liu Bang's fiasco, 50,000 to 60,000 to 30,000, and his parents, wives and concubines all lost. In this case, he fled and planned to destroy Xiang Yu. He felt that as long as Qing Bu, the king of Jiujiang, was persuaded, the world could be settled quickly, and an emissary was sent. Liu bang said that the public can order Bu to send troops against Chu, Chu Xiang Yu will have to stay for several months, and I have to take the world. As long as I let Qing Bu rebel, Xiang Yu will definitely beat him. Just play for a few months, and you can win the whole world. This is his judgment. Liu bang thinks it can be done in a few months. He thinks he can win soon. As a result, Qing Bu rebelled. Instead of going, Xiang Yu sent someone to defeat Qing Bu. In recent months, Liu Bang failed to pacify the world and suffered a fiasco in succession. His theory of quick victory went bankrupt. He tried to solve it in a few months, but failed. This shows Liu Bang's ambition and his confidence. This confidence is a bit ridiculous and blind, but he dares to think. The fact didn't develop as he thought.
And his determination to build a country. How confident he is to become an emperor. He decided Sanqin through Han Xin, but everyone except Zhang Han surrendered, and he occupied the whole Guanzhong. What Liu Bang did next was to change the county system. Don't underestimate this matter, which shows that he is laying the foundation for becoming a princess in the future. He soon changed the destroyed place into a county system. Unlike Xiang Yu's enfeoffment, it is a county system. In March of the second year of Han Dynasty, the State of Qin was abolished. Ding Han's country. Since then, his sacrificial system has been based on the Han Dynasty and Qin Dynasty. This was in the second year of the Han Dynasty. Later, his son Liu Ying was Prince Hanwang. Let the prince guard Liyang and become the crown prince immediately after he acceded to the throne. At the beginning, the inheritance system of political county was imperial system. He made preparations for the Han Empire. He is ready to be emperor. 6. Repeated wars and repeated defeats, the Chu-Han war was not smooth, and it was the worst twice. In three years, Xingyang fled, Ji Xin signed up as Hanwang, Chen Ping suggested that two thousand women open the East Gate, and Liu Bang opened the West Gate and slipped away; The second time, in the fourth year of Han Dynasty, I only took Teng Gong and ran to seize the relieving of Han Xin. Liu bang's repeated defeats and wars, and his spirit is not broken, stems from self-confidence. The seventh vision of counter-insurgency, in the last ten years of Han Dynasty, Chen Yi rebelled and Liu Bang rebelled, which was called Zhou Chang's recommendation of four people. He cursed the four men. He went to Handan. He said that Chen Yi could not become a climate. He didn't know that the South War occupied Handan and used Zhanghe to stop me. I will definitely appease him. It completely confirmed the accuracy of Liu Bang's prediction. This not only shows Liu Bang's super confidence, but also shows his military talent.
All of the above shows that Liu Bang was full of confidence in himself in three stages.
In addition to charm
The first is the courage to take responsibility, which is one of the qualities that mass leaders need during the historical change period. Liu bang, like Feng Xize's disciple, simply put it all down. This is a terrible thing. He used to be a grass-roots official, but later he became an outlaw of the Qin Empire. Dare to do so, that he has the spirit of throwing caution to the wind. This is outstanding. Second, he dared to be Pei Gong, but no one dared to do it, and he was also throwing caution to the wind. The third is to dare to be the king of Guanzhong. At this time, his strength is not as good as that of Xiang Yu. The fourth is to dare to be emperor. At that time, many people did not deserve it. Qin Ershi's demise lasted only 15 years. After the demise of the Qin Dynasty, many people thought that the emperor system was not good, otherwise, how could it only be passed down to two generations? At that time, people concluded that the emperor system of county system was unsuccessful. So Xiang Yu wants to be the overlord. In this sense, it is not easy for him to dare to be emperor. Wisdom and courage were needed at that time.
The second is to share the results. Look at a set of numbers. There were 143 people who were blocked in the Liu Bang era. Incomplete. At that time, some were sealed and not listed in the table. These people have their own fiefs. They shared Liu Bang's achievements. This is the hero, realizing Liu Bang's promise.
The third is generosity. This is extremely difficult. Liu Bang Group is full of talents. Military, political, diplomatic all kinds of people. Liu bang's generosity in this process has four characteristics-let bygones be bygones; Regardless of the owner; Regardless of verbal collision; No matter where it comes from. These four points are very difficult to achieve. One by one.
Let bygones be bygones. What Liu Bang hates most is Yong Chi, which is known to the whole group. When he stood up, he defected first. I've always wanted to kill him, but I didn't succeed because of the great credit. At the time of sealing Hou, he was first sealed as the tenth marquis. In the twelfth year of Han Dynasty, Liu Bang returned to his hometown and was exempted from tax in Pei County. Liu Bang also hates Yong Chi. It is not easy. In my opinion, everyone is mortal, and the emperor is no exception. The emperor has a great responsibility and cannot be asked to have no worldly desires. He can control his bad emotions, and hatred and revenge can be restrained without flooding, which is enough. There is also a man named Wang Ling, who is a little out of line with Liu Bang. First, he joined the army late. When Liu Bang was Pei Gong, he didn't participate. Later, it began with the Chu-Han War. Second, after joining Liu Bang Group, everyone knows that Liu Bang hates Yong Chi, but he has a close relationship with Yong Chi. Most people are afraid to make friends with the enemies of their leaders. Afraid that the leader will be angry. If the tomb is not afraid, we will go back and forth. The grave paid the price. History says, "Because Yong Chi, Yong Chi and Gao Zu have a good hatred, Ling has no Chinese meaning, so it was later named Hou Anguo." It was later blocked. This shows that Liu Bang is also vengeful. Before he died, Liu Bang asked the Prime Minister and mentioned that he was the most suitable candidate among the three prime ministers. This shows that Liu Bang is generous. Choose him when arranging important positions. Liu Bang valued the integrity of the tomb and was not afraid of power.
Regardless of the change of owners, like Chen Pingsan, the owner changed, followed by Guai and Xiang Yu, and then followed by Liu Bang. Chen Ping was rejected by frequency. Shu is a master of the Six Classics. From Qin Shihuang to II, to Xiang Liang, to Xiong Xin, to Xiang Yu, and then to Liu Bang. These people are despised. I want to say a few words. In fact, few people really care about you all their lives. Many people only look at the results without asking why, so don't expect others to care about themselves seriously. Even people who appreciate you often ignore you for various reasons, and only look at the phenomenon of your change of Lord rather than the reason for your change of Lord. So we should understand others and not complain. This is the weakness of human nature. Look at Sean. He has been with Liu Bang and finally won the championship, so people think he is loyal and praised by people. In fact, this is Sean's luck, so we should tolerate such people. The value of Liu Bang lies in his indifference.
Let's not talk about verbal collisions. Liu bang doesn't care if he speaks badly. The worst is Zhou Chang. Liu bang rode around his neck and asked himself what kind of person he was. He said he was as stubborn as a man. Liu bang just smiled. When you change princes, you also speak badly. Liu Bang was useless, but Liu Bang was still reused. The important task of protecting Liu Ruyi was given to him. Only in this way can we unite people. This is rare. The emperor is even more so. After Liu Bang's death, Lv Hou called Liu Ruyi to Beijing, but refused to let him into Beijing. Lv Hou called Zhou Changjin and scolded him. Don't you know that I hate Mrs. Qi? What do you mean you won't let Wang Zhao come? Zhou Chang didn't say a word, why? Because Zhou Chang knew that Liu Bang was tolerant and magnanimous, he dared to stand up, but Lv Hou didn't. Standing up was death, so he stopped talking. It can also be seen that Liu Bang is tolerant and generous, and there are so many people under his command just because he has a mind and can tolerate people. It is not easy. Look at another example. Like Shi Li, Liu Bang scolded him the most. When we first met, Liu Bang was being washed by two women. He told Liu Bang whether he wanted to help Qin destroy the rebels or help them destroy Qin. Liu Bang scolded, "Confucianism is admired by all men, so the ministers attacked Qin at the same speed. What does it mean to help Qin attack the princes? " What Liu Bang said is also reasonable, but Li Shiqi deliberately angered him. How can he look at talented people in the world so rudely? Say that finish, liu bang went to apologize, this is called magnanimity. It is not easy to apologize immediately after a speech. Hold your breath immediately, change your mood and accept it enthusiastically. This is too difficult. Liu Bangyou. There is something wrong with him all over, but tolerance is more valuable. People follow him precisely because he is tolerant and wants to follow him in his career.
No matter where it comes from, Liu Bang's core talent group is a group of rich old friends. His hometown is his core, but he can also accept everyone in the world. There is a process for any group of talents to gather. In this process, different people joined at different times and places, some from fellow villagers, some from anti-Qin, some from Chu, and some from hostile camps. This is called a hero who doesn't ask the source. This is a big heart. This big mind can accommodate all aspects of people. This is the greatness of Liu Bang. So he has all kinds of talents. He can have whoever he needs, because he can accommodate people. This is his personal charm. Therefore, Liu Bang is not only a person with various faults, but also a person with market spirit and distinctive personal charm. He can become a famous politician for this. Why are there so many people under him?
Finally, talk about his employment problem.
Liu Bang probably deserves attention in the following aspects: first, a pair of good eyes, second, a pair of good ears, third, a good mind, fourth, a good team, and fifth, a good attitude. These five virtues can sum up Liu Bang's advantages in employing people.
Let's talk about vision first, because the premise of employing people is to know people. I wonder if you dare to use it? People know each other by their eyes. It is difficult to have a pair of penetrating eyes. It is not easy for Liu Bang to identify Han Xin. Han Xin is a military genius, only Liu Bang can tell. The process of being discovered by others is difficult. It can also be very long. It was Liu Bang who discovered Xiao He and believed Xiao He's vision. At the recommendation of Xiao He, he talked with Han Xin and believed what Xiao He said was true. Han Xin can't prove himself talented. How can I prove myself talented? The hardest thing in life is to prove yourself. Liu Bang was the first to reuse Sean. I met Sean on the way. Han Xin is the latest to prove himself. Eyes are knowledgeable. An outstanding politician should have a pair of keen eyes. Liu Bang's methods of identifying talents are as follows: 1. Grading talents. Liu bang can easily deal with people according to whether they have virtue or not. There is a difference between middle schools and primary schools. How to consider virtue? Liu bang has an idea. I conclude that Liu Bang's judgment method is ability. If you have the ability to threaten yourself, you are unreliable. This is not bright, but brilliant. What about men? Han Xin is a great talent, with great talent and great ability, with outstanding military achievements. No one can compare with him, and Liu Bang is the most distrustful. Great use and great doubt. Peng Yue and others don't trust him. Xiao He was talented, powerful, well-managed and loyal, and was also suspected by Liu Bang for three times. Great use, few questions. After all, he still knows something about Xiao He. Where is Sean? Great talents should be put to great use, make suggestions, often call in sick, and there is no threat. There is no doubt about it. Frequency Guan Ying These are mediocre talents, which are not enough to pose a threat and can be reused. Doubt and belief come from judgment and from the ability of one's courtiers. The second is to use its strengths. Sean will advise, Han Xin will fight, and Shi Li will talk and be a lobbyist. Figure out who will be used where. However, Liu Bang also has some concerns. To whom? Lv Hou. Liu bang can understand men but not women. This is not a disease of Liu Bang alone, but a common problem of many men.
A pair of good ears. One is to listen to the opinions of subordinates, the other is to listen to different opinions, and the third is to listen to whose opinions are correct. He has seen people like Lou Jing who want to see the emperor. It is said that Luoyang should not be the capital. As soon as Sean demonstrated, it moved the capital on the same day. It is difficult to listen to the opinions of subordinates. Ordinary soldiers can see the emperor, and Liu Bang not only looks but also listens, which is his strength. Lou Jing is no exception. Liu bang has not only heard of him. The key is that Liu Bang has encountered many such things in his life. He listened to the advice of the people in Nanyang County. Good at listening to different opinions, such as being advised not to live in Qin Gong, Liu Bang wanted to live, but he listened and held back. For example, after the world was settled, Liu Bang said pedantic scholars were the most useless, so he stood up and said, No, could you send someone to take Qing Bu down? As I once said, it is worth 50 thousand infantry and 5 thousand cavalry. Liu bang immediately said, our work here. I closed the office immediately considering your contribution. This is an opinion. The most difficult thing is to hear the most correct opinion when each has its own reasons. If someone accused Han Xin of rebellion, many people said it was wrong, but Liu recognized it and immediately denied it. Not most of them are correct, and consistency is not necessarily correct. This requires a good ear.
A good mind, the most important thing is that Liu Bang knows how to release and receive. When it's time to release the power, it's time to gather the power, just like Han Xin won two hundred thousand chosen men in the defeat, and immediately gathered three hundred thousand when Xiang Yu was destroyed. Let you fight, and then draw blood. So is Han Wangxin.
Fourth, a good team includes a strategist, a politician, a Xiao He and a counselor. The core group is rich old friends. This is Liu Bang's inner circle. Cohesion and team stability have two major functions. No matter how many setbacks you encounter, you can't beat them. This core is derived from this group. , Qiu, cure too much and called "three public", and Xiao He, tomb, and Zhang Cang. From Guo Xiang to the first prime minister of Emperor Wendi, only Chen Ping and Zhang Cang did not belong to this group. The most important administrative power is given to the people in the inner circle. Qiu's men are Lu Wan, Guan Ying and Guan Ying, all of whom are in charge of military power. Zhou Ke, the ancient adviser, died in the defending battle of Xingyang. Later, Zhou Chang was appointed, Zhao Yao was appointed, then Ren Ao was appointed, and Cao Cao was later Zhang Cang. Most of these people are rich old friends. Ren Ao was not only a member, but also humiliated when Lv Zhi committed crimes instead of Liu Bang. Ren ao came forward to protect her. Liu Bang is a core member of the talent group. It is not easy.
Princes with different surnames are also talented. What will Liu Bang do with them? Liu bang is treated differently. He divided them into two categories. Han Xin, Peng Yue, the king of Liang, and Qing Bu, the king of Jiujiang, are the biggest rivals, and they must be excluded. Others, like Zhang Er, are mediocre and in-laws, and his son is his son-in-law. Liu Bang basically trusted them. Like Changsha Wang, Wu Rui and Rebecca, Tibetan tea basically doesn't work. Liu bang paid little attention to them. What he really needs to guard against is Han Xin, Peng Yue and Qing Bu, which is what he needs to guard against. He treats princes with different surnames differently, focusing on prevention.
Fifth, have a good attitude. His peace of mind is manifested in the following aspects: First, he dares to apologize to his courtiers. It is even harder for the emperor to apologize to the minister. Lou Jing, for example, prevented Liu Bang from fighting the Xiongnu. Liu Bang didn't listen, thinking that Liu Jing was defeated by the army, he locked him up and prepared to kill him after the war. As a result, Liu Bang was really surrounded and couldn't get out for seven days. Apologize to Liu Jing immediately if something goes wrong, and name Hou Jianxin. This is remarkable. Self-esteem and face problems are obstacles. The higher the status, the more you talk about face, and the lower the status, the less you care about face. Liu Bang apologized to Xiao He, pacified Qing Bu and arrested Xiao He. Xiao He said that the imperial garden was so big that Liu Bang thought it was to please the people. Doubt is trouble. Liu Bang shut Xiao He down, but a Wei Yan suggested letting him go. Liu Bang apologized to Xiao He. The second is to dare to admit that your judgment is wrong. Liu Jing advised him not to hit the Huns, and there was fraud behind it. When Liu Bang admitted his mistake, he admitted that his judgment was wrong. The third is to dare to admit that your ability is limited. This is the key to employing people. You must hire people, because they are smart here. It is difficult to admit that one's ability is limited. Or self-esteem and face. As his famous saying goes, "I'm not as good as my ovaries ..." It's hard for san huang to admit that he is not as good as others. His good attitude can accept a large number of people. Like at the hongmen banquet, he dared to say "solid is not as good as it is" and admitted that he could not beat xiang yu. These are all very difficult things. As Han Xin also asked in Hanzhong's countermeasures, how do benevolence, righteousness and morality compare with Xiang Yu? Let Liu bang be silent for a long time. General leaders will get angry at once, only you can, Liu Bang admits. This is a good attitude, eyes and ears only work, otherwise you can't see or hear.
In the final analysis, it is a good attitude that determines his success. His success is not only the choice of the times, but also the result of his personal efforts. Liu Bang is a hero of the Chinese nation and the founder of the Han Empire. His life deserves our careful study.