1. How to write a research report composition
Research report on myopia and vision loss among primary school students 1. Question raised We have just entered primary school now.
But I found that many students in our class wear glasses, and some students’ vision is even lower than 4.5, which may bring a lot of inconvenience to their future life, study and work. Therefore, I would like to take this opportunity to study the main factors involved in primary school students' vision loss.
2. Investigation method 1. Consult books, newspapers, websites, etc. about the causes of vision loss to understand the main reasons for primary school students' vision loss. 2. Distribute "questionnaires" to understand the reasons and number of primary school students with vision loss.
3. Collect information about the consequences of vision loss through various channels. 3. Investigation and data compilation, information channels, specific contents, books, newspapers and periodicals, sources of myopia, myopia is a type of refractive error, network, the first doctor to treat myopia in 1985, American doctor network, how many myopia cases there are in the world The number of people is 33. Magazine The highest degree of myopia in the world is 3000 degrees. IV. Conclusion 1. According to research, the causes of myopia or vision loss are: ⑴ Poor posture when doing homework.
⑵ Spend more time surfing the Internet and watching TV every day. ⑶ Not serious enough when doing eye exercises, you have to open your eyes from time to time.
⑷ More than 80% of people often lie in bed and read. Therefore, developing good eye-use habits is the key to protecting your eyesight. Do not damage the windows of your soul.
2. The following are suggestions for students who have not developed good eye-use habits: ⑴ Try not to read or do homework without turning on the light after 5:30 in the evening. ⑵ When doing homework, you must strictly achieve the goal of "one punch, one foot, one inch".
⑶ When watching TV or using a computer at night, try not to turn off the lights, as this is a major cause of vision loss. ⑷Don’t sit in front of the TV or computer for a long time, let alone play games for a long time.
⑸ Call the password by yourself every day when you go home and do eye exercises. ⑹ Don't wear other students' glasses easily. This will not be good for you, but will cause your eyesight to gradually decline.
3. At present, the myopia rate among primary school students in China has reached 34.6%, the myopia rate among high school students has reached 70%, the number of patients exceeds 60 million, and the number of people blinded by myopia reaches 300,000. Decreased vision directly affects our academic performance, further education, and employment, and causes varying degrees of hindrance to our physiology and psychology.
According to a joint survey by the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Education, the current incidence of myopia among Chinese students is close to 60%, ranking first in the world.
2. How to write an essay about "Simple Research Report"
I am also in the fifth grade. Sorry, no picture. A research report on whether Chinese can go global. 1. The question raised. Nowadays, we are surrounded by More and more people are starting to learn English. English has become an important subject. It can be said that the current international language has become English. And can our mother tongue, Chinese, go global? 2. Survey method 1. Go to the library to check relevant information. 2. Check relevant information online. 3. Survey situation and data collection. 1. The number of speakers of English and Chinese. Currently, there are about 300 million native English speakers in the world. 70 million. At present, the number of native Chinese speakers in the world is about 1.3 billion. 2. The spelling and pronunciation of English and Chinese. There are no rules for the spelling and pronunciation of English. The spelling is confusing and there are dozens of ways to pronounce it. .There are no tense changes in Chinese, there are no changes in verbs and adjectives, there is no continuous reading, the language is concise, the pronunciation is clear, and the speaking speed is slow. 3. The difficulty of learning English and Chinese. Modern English eliminates the complex changes of nouns and adjectives. .So, the first characteristic of English is that its structure is relatively simple, so it is relatively clear and easy to learn. Although Chinese grammar is not difficult to learn, Chinese characters are relatively difficult to learn. There are many Chinese characters that have similar shapes and sounds. Each Chinese character can have many meanings and polyphonic characters. Therefore, Chinese characters are very difficult to learn. 4. Conclusion. After comparing English and Chinese, it can be found that Chinese grammar is relatively simple, but Chinese characters It is very difficult to learn. English itself has two characteristics: simple structure and strong expressiveness. This is very convenient for international communication. Compared with Chinese, this is also a huge advantage. Therefore, we can draw a conclusion that Chinese wants Going global will face many practical problems. Therefore, it is difficult for Chinese to go global. 3. How to write a good composition research report
We know that composition is a reflection of students’ cognitive level and language expression ability. It is a comprehensive Chinese ability necessary for daily life and work, and it is also a person’s level of Chinese literacy. important symbol.
The ancients’ belief that “one article determines a lifetime” for the imperial examination is one-sided, but it also makes sense. Composition teaching in primary schools aims to cultivate students' preliminary written expression skills. How good the foundation is in this regard will affect students throughout their lives.
1. Establish correct composition teaching concepts 1. Further clarify the nature of primary school students’ composition. The nature of composition for primary school students is to practice writing and practice, not to create.
The curriculum standards stipulate that lower grades should write sentences and words, and middle and upper grades should do homework. Composition is not mysterious at all. As long as you can speak and write, you can write articles.
Gao Yubao, Gorky and others did not go to school much, but they wrote famous works, which is proof. "Composition is to write words with a pen" "My hand writes my mouth, my hand writes my heart".
Composition is a need of life. It is not an embellishment or a decoration, but life itself. Composition "has become an indispensable item in life, just like food and clothing." It can make life richer and more fulfilling.
If the nature of primary school students' compositions is clarified, they will not be too demanding and eager for success, and will not make all students' writings be in line with "excellent compositions" and encourage others to grow. 2. Pay attention to stimulating interest in writing, and change "I want to write" to "I want to write."
"Interest is the best teacher." Suhomlinski said.
Every child is a "poet" in terms of his talent. As long as he "opens the source of creation" in teaching methods, the poet's strings can make beautiful music. Starting from writing sentences and words in the lower grades, interest must be stimulated so that every student has a desire, an impulse, and an eagerness to try when practicing writing.
In this way, writing and practicing compositions become a pleasure and no longer a burden. Teachers at all levels should pay attention to stimulating students' interest in homework and find ways to maintain their interest in homework for a long time.
This is a task that teachers often have to worry about. 3. Make it clear that truth-seeking and sincerity are the most important writing requirements.
Seeking truth means that the exercises should have "true meaning", tell the truth, speak your own words, and not tell lies, empty words, or adult talk; establish sincerity, which means "speak your own words honestly" and be honest Be realistic and seek truth from facts. Only by being "sincere in the inside" can we "be honest in the outside".
Only by being sincere can you tell the truth and express your true feelings. This is both a composition issue and a human issue.
Through composition teaching, we must teach both composition and conduct, so as to continuously improve students’ composition ability and pay attention to the guidance of correct values. For primary school students, if the composition must be truthful and sincere, it must have composition content.
The source of living water for composition is a fulfilling and vivid life. "Ask the canal where it is so clear, so that there is a source of living water."
If you want to do your homework, don't make up random things, and don't do "five children pass the exam" - you often push carts, hold children, lead blind people, To pick up tickets and give up seats, you must have a life, be involved in real life, and open up a living stream. You must be a thoughtful person in life, be good at observation, diligent in thinking, and constantly make discoveries. There is no shortage of beautiful things in the world. What is lacking is Eyes that are good at discovery. 4. Composition is a skill, and skills are formed through training.
Composition is a skill, not knowledge. Talking about writing methods will not help. We must write diligently, be less restrained, let students write, and use their own language and own ideas to write what they want to write.
It is necessary to infiltrate pen practice into reading teaching, study of various subjects, and daily life. It is impossible to develop strong composition ability only by practicing a few times per semester. Composition is still a habit, and habits are developed through experience.
Once you develop good writing habits, you will definitely have strong writing ability. Therefore, teachers should regard habit cultivation as an important task in composition teaching and run it through the entire process of composition teaching.
Teachers of each grade focus on cultivating the following habits according to the requirements of the year: the habit of diligent observation and experience, the habit of accumulating daily life materials and language materials, the habit of thinking clearly before writing, and diligent reading , the habit of being willing to write, the habit of revising one's own composition, and the habit of standardizing and neat writing. 5. Establish the idea of ??"writing based on reading".
The root of writing ability is reading ability. Reading is the basis of writing.
"Work hard at reading, and find comfort in composing." First, "how to write" is mostly learned from reading. With each example in the text, students can draw inferences from one instance and become more proficient. Reading skills, and constantly acquiring composition skills.
When it comes to writing, we are often stretched thin. Only by promoting reading and writing can we broaden our horizons. The second is to say, "Thick accumulation can lead to thin development."
It is necessary to strengthen and improve reading teaching, pay attention to reading to understand writing, reading to learn writing, and embody the combination of reading and writing; it is also necessary to strengthen extracurricular reading, read well, read good books, read the whole book, and broaden your horizons , enrich knowledge, improve awareness, and increase cultural and language accumulation. "Reading thousands of volumes, writing is like a spirit."
Being diligent in reading and reading a lot will definitely improve your composition ability. In short, composition teaching should reflect the concepts of happy composition, bold composition, life composition, and personalized composition.
2. Composition training, from writing sentences and words to writing fragments and then to writing a complete composition, from easy to difficult, step by step. Lower grades mainly practice writing sentences and words.
Including: writing sentences using learned words; writing a few sentences after observing simple things or pictures; using sentences (can also be paired with simple pictures) to express what you see, hear, feel or Blessings (such as homemade greeting cards); able to write notes (such as message notes) and simple diaries. The most important thing for lower grade students is to be "interested in writing" and be willing to express their understanding and feelings about the things around them through writing.
When did you start asking primary school students to write sentences and words? It must be based on the arrangement of the teaching materials and the actual situation of the students. As long as the students have this desire, they must be actively guided (some first-year students in the experimental area start writing more than a month after entering the school; second-year students insist on keeping diaries. ). Middle grades focus on guiding students to write down their experiences, feelings and imaginations in an informal way.
In addition to the practice of writing fragments in the general sense, attention should be paid to the practice of sketches, fairy tales, and letters. Sketching is a basic skill for writing narrative compositions and can cultivate the ability to observe things and describe things using language and words.
Lower and middle school students are innocent and imaginative. They like to read fairy tales, and are also interested in making up and telling fairy tales. In cultivating imagination and composition skills. 4. How to write a good research report for composition
1. Composition must learn to accumulate "Reading thousands of volumes, writing is like a spirit", "It is difficult for a clever woman to make a meal without rice". These summaries of the ancients are explained from both positive and negative aspects. Understand the importance of "accumulation" in writing.
"Rely on accumulation in daily life, and rely on performance in the examination room." This is the common experience of students in the examination room. (1) In terms of language, a "vocabulary library" must be established.
Vocabulary is the cell of the article. Vocabulary in a broad sense refers not only to the collection of words and phrases, but also to sentences and sentence groups.
There are two ways to build a "vocabulary": the first is reading. You should read extensively books, newspapers and periodicals, and take notes on your reading. Excerpt some beautiful words, sentences, and passages in a specific book, or make reading cards.
The second is life. Usually, you should capture the vivid language in public speaking and write down these words in a small book or card that you carry with you. In this way, over time, you will be able to speak well and write wonderfully in your compositions.
(2) It is necessary to strengthen the accumulation of materials. Materials are the flesh and blood of the article.
Because many students don’t pay attention to accumulating materials, they make up or plagiarize every time they write. The way to solve this problem is to accumulate materials.
If possible, you can bring a video camera and tape recorder to observe life in depth, actively participate in life, and record family life, campus life, and social life in a timely manner through sketching, diary writing, observation notes, etc. experiences in. When recording, you should grasp the details and grasp the characteristics of people, things, objects and scenery.
In this way, the articles written will have flesh and blood. (3) Strengthen ideological accumulation.
Point of view is the soul of the article. If the center of the article is not clear, or the intention is not profound, it often indicates that the author's thinking is superficial.
Therefore, it is necessary to establish a "think tank". There are two methods: first, think well.
"The more you think, the more you gain." You should think deeply at ordinary times and ask "why", "what" and "how" when encountering problems.
In this way, we can see the essence through the phenomenon. You should also record the "sparks" of your thinking and the conclusions of your thinking at any time.
The second is to compile, that is, to excerpt famous quotes, aphorisms, etc. In short, we must strengthen the accumulation of compositions and establish three major writing warehouses: "vocabulary library", "material library" and "thought library". They must be regularly inventoried, sorted and classified into categories, and they must be continuously enriched and expanded.
2. To write a good composition, you must first learn to observe. When answering the question of "how to write a good article" by young literary people, Mr. Lu Xun emphasized two points: first, read more, and second, practice more. “See more” here means observe more.
This means: to write good articles and master skilled article writing techniques, you must observe more and learn to observe. Observation is the necessary prerequisite and foundation for writing. The Russian novelist Chekhov earnestly warned beginners: "A writer must train himself to become an observer with a keen eye and never give up! - He must train himself until observation becomes a habit, as if it becomes second nature. ”
Turning observation into a habit and second nature is a skill that takes time to hone. It is very effective and a great skill.
You should pay attention to the people, things, scenery, and objects around you to obtain the materials you need for your composition: you should become interested in things that may not seem big but are actually very meaningful, and pay attention to the causes, processes, and results; you should Pay attention to how the plants in the campus flower beds change their colors throughout the year, and learn to inquire deeply to understand the ins and outs of these changes; you have to go out into the society, contact more people, observe their words and deeds, and think about something at any time. Merge them into the long river of your own thoughts.
This is the process of observation. During the observation process, you should pay attention to the following points: (1) Observation should never be limited to "seeing with your eyes". Observation in a broad sense and with more practical significance means mobilizing all the five senses of a person: listening with ears, feeling with body, and more importantly, thinking with heart and brain, so that such observation will be more delicate and profound. .
(2) Pay attention to the good use of "bad pen" during the observation process. As the saying goes: A good memory is worse than a bad writing.
Many students see a lot every day and think a lot, but they are not good at writing it down at any time. This will make the observed material go to waste and many valuable things will be wasted. Wasted. (3) Pay special attention to perseverance in observation.
Don’t suffer from "brain fever". Three minutes of heat is not beneficial to writing a good composition. You must observe and think about life throughout every day of your life, so that you can write Come out with wonderful articles and excellent works. Learning to observe has a huge foundation and impetus for writing good compositions. Without observation, you will often find it difficult to write.
I hope you can learn to observe, continuously cultivate and improve your observation skills, and make great progress in your writing practice. 3. If the idea is high, the writing will be successful. To establish the idea is to establish the center and intention of the article.
So what issues should we pay attention to when constructing the article? (1) The purpose of an article must be correct and correct. Correctness means ensuring that the feelings and thoughts of the article are correct, in line with the nature and laws of objective things, in line with my country’s basic political principles, in line with the basic moral requirements of human beings, and in line with the basic moral requirements of human beings. Give people positive inspiration. (2) The purpose of writing should be specific. "Composition is more important than specificity. Specificity makes skillful, and divergence makes people stupid."
No matter how complicated the matter is, the main idea cannot be scattered. If an article wants to explain this issue and that point of view at the same time, and rambles on, the purpose will inevitably be unclear.
In fact, if you want to cover everything, you will definitely miss the point. Moreover, an article can only have one center. Instead of "biting off more than you can chew", it is better to concentrate on expressing one center, even if it is through several things. To express the center, we must also adhere closely to the center of the text, with consistent goals, focusing on the connection point between the material and the center, so that all the power contained in the material is directed toward the center. (3) The purpose of the article must be novel. The most taboo thing about an article is to follow what others say. A novel perspective is the core of innovation in composition.
Novel ideas require jumping out of the old box, not following conventional thinking, habitual thinking or original mental stereotypes, but using a unique perspective to examine the alternative content contained in the topic and avoid Open what others often write and write what others have not written. Even the same writing object can always be approached from many angles, as long as we break the stereotypes of thinking, stand at the height of the times, avoid the "conventional" and pursue the "different", think from multiple angles and sides, or associate, expand, or make analogies , or in the opposite direction, you can do something that no one has done before. 5. How to write a research report composition
The structure of a research report generally includes the following parts (1) Introduction. The introduction requires a concise explanation of the following aspects: the reason for proposing the research topic; The significance of this topic; the current research results, current status, problems and development trends in this area at home and abroad; the problems to be solved by this research.
In view of the content to be covered in this part, some people also directly used "Purpose and Significance" and "Problem Raising" as the title of this part. (2) Research Objects and Research Methods The introduction of the research object is mainly to let readers understand what problem the topic is to solve and why this problem should be studied.
The introduction of research methods mainly includes: organizational form of research design; sampling and selection of research objects; implementation and control of research factors; methods and means of collecting and processing research data; special equipment used in research , tools, etc. (3) Research results and analysis Research results are very important. Those that can be quantified should be explained with numbers. Those that cannot be quantified should be explained with some cases. Do not make some abstract explanations, which will give people a hollow feeling.
Data can be in the form of tables. Comparative experiments also require pre- and post-tests and statistical tests on the data.
The results obtained can be analyzed and summarized to the level of theory. (4) Problems and Discussion Problems and reasons that have not been completed in research and experiments can be explained in this section. Whether the results of the experiment have promotion value should also be explained.
This part is often titled "Analysis and Suggestions", "Recommendations", etc. In the analysis and discussion, you can quote some theories and statements, you can put forward some suggestions and measures to improve education or teaching, you can put forward some personal ideas and reflections, and you can also put forward new problems discovered and generated due to the research. New ideas are left for further research.
In addition, in this part, necessary reflection, analysis and discussion on the method design of the research are often carried out, and what changes may be brought to the research results if the research method is changed. (5) Conclusion The conclusion must point out which problems have been solved and what problems remain to be studied.
Some research reports do not need to write conclusions, but should make a simple summary or discuss the research results; some include several suggestions; some reports do not specifically write a concluding paragraph. text, but spread the argument throughout the article. (6) Others 1. Appendix The appendix mainly includes the following three items.
(1) Citation annotations Citation annotations are divided into four types: end-of-page notes (footnotes), end-of-text notes (paragraph notes or end-of-article notes), in-text notes (inline notes) and end-of-book notes. (2) References are usually subtitled with "Main References" or "Main References", and a table of contents is listed below.
The way to write the table of contents of the literature is to use [1] to mark an Arabic numeral, and then list the author's name, the name of the document, the publishing unit, and the publication time. For example: 1 Zengjun. Moral Education in Contemporary Western Schools. Guangzhou: Guangdong Publishing House, 19932 [Germany] Kurt Lewin, translated by Zhu Peiliang. Principles of Topological Psychology. Hangzhou: Zhejiang Education Press, 1997(3) Raw data "raw data" refers to the important raw data collected during the study, such as certain measurement results and qualitative observation materials related to the study, questionnaires, etc.; it should also be introduced concisely, accurately and clearly in the appendix.
2. Examples of the summary research report: It is necessary to prudently extend the number of years of compulsory education - a demonstration report (outline) for universalizing 12-year compulsory education in Tianjin. 1. Proposition of the problem In 1994, our city took the lead in realizing universalization of 12-year compulsory education in the country Nine years of compulsory education. In 1999, our city took the lead in the country in basically universalizing high school education. In the first ten years of the new century, should Tianjin "uniform high-standard high school education" or "implement 12-year compulsory education"? 2. The difference between compulsory education and universal education 1. Different funding sources 2. Different legal basis 3. Different obligations 4. Difference in employment 3. Analysis of the implementation of compulsory education in various countries around the world Table 1 List of years of compulsory education in various countries around the world (Omitted) There are only 13 countries or regions in the world that implement 12-year compulsory education. The combined population of these 13 countries is less than 100 million people, which is equivalent to the size of Henan Province.
The data provided above can illustrate the following issues: First, the number of years of compulsory education in economically developed countries or regions is generally relatively long, and the development of education cannot be separated from economic support. Second, in economically developed countries, Most countries or regions have popularized high school education, but do not necessarily implement 12-year compulsory education. Third, compulsory education requires strong material guarantees, so countries are cautious about extending the years of compulsory education. The implementation of compulsory education is not only about the enrollment period. problem, and the quality of education must be considered, which to a certain extent depends on the level of resource investment. The important factor why some developed countries are cautious in extending the years of compulsory education is the possibility of governments providing strong material guarantees.
From the above analysis, we know that only 13 countries in the world have implemented 12 years of compulsory education. The failure of some economically developed countries to implement 12-year compulsory education may be due to two considerations: First, they are cautious about extending the number of years of compulsory education, because this requires a significant increase in investment in education.
Second, they may believe that universal high school education and higher education do not necessarily take the form of compulsory education. Some developed countries or regions have now universalized high school education, and some have even universalized higher education, but they have not implemented 12 years of compulsory education.
Judging from their investment in primary and secondary education, it is not that they do not have the conditions for 12 years of compulsory education, but that they have not done so. They may have considered the need for the educated to bear part of the education costs. . From the analysis of the implementation of compulsory education in various countries around the world, I believe that Tianjin should carefully extend the number of years of compulsory education.
This is a conclusion drawn from an analysis of the situation in various countries around the world. But our domestic city of Beijing has proposed “strive to implement 12 years of compulsory education in phases and batches throughout the city by 2010.”
Can’t we in Tianjin? But I also noticed that Shanghai, which is also a municipality directly under the Central Government, has not proposed the implementation of 12 years of compulsory education. Shanghai has proposed that "high-quality, multi-mode, and optional high school education should be popularized in the first 10 years of the new century." So we It is necessary to compare education in Tianjin with education in Beijing and Shanghai in order to accurately position the development of education in Tianjin.
4. Tianjin and. 6. How to write a fifth-grade research report
Research report on adolescent myopia
1. Problems
According to a survey, there are more than 5 million blind people in our country, and the number is as low as There are nearly 10 million people with vision loss, especially among children and adolescents, the prevalence rate is extremely high. The latest data from the National Student Physical Health Survey show that the incidence of myopia among primary school students in my country is 22.78, that of middle school students is 55.22, and that of high school students is 70.34. What is even more shocking is that a survey report stated that more than 300,000 people in China have been blinded by high myopia. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of myopia in children and adolescents has attracted more and more attention from students, parents and society. Why are more and more teenagers suffering from myopia? How do children's eyes become myopic? Is it just caused by bad usage habits?
2. Survey and analysis:
Most students suffer from myopia because they do not pay attention to protecting their eyes. Improper eye use and failure to pay attention to eye hygiene (such as watching TV and surfing the Internet for too long, etc.) are the main reasons for the increase in myopia among modern teenagers. There are also some teenagers whose myopia is caused by other factors such as malnutrition and environmental influences.
The most typical causes of myopia are:
1. Using your eyes for too long;
2. Watching TV too close;
3. Watching TV with too dark images, The colors are too dazzling;
4 The posture when doing homework is incorrect;
5 Reading in sunlight that is too strong;
6 The light is too weak Reading in the light;
7 Using the computer for a long time;
8 Unreasonable diet;
9 Reading in a bumpy car;
10 Genetic factors;
11 Not doing eye exercises seriously.
4. Survey results:
The survey found that the rate of myopia among today's middle school students is increasing, but middle school students do not pay much attention to the phenomenon of myopia. Some people even think that wearing a pair of glasses can cure myopia. I don't care about myopia and make mistakes. Many people often blame it on bad eye habits, such as improper reading distance, too dark light, prolonged use of eyes, etc. However, medical research in recent years has shown that unbalanced diet, lack of sleep, noise, etc. are also important factors in inducing myopia in teenagers.
5. Suggestions
(1) When reading, your posture should be correct and the light should be sufficient. To read and write, you should sit one foot away from the desk, your chest one foot away from the desk, and your eyes one foot away from the textbook.
(2) Do not read while riding in a car or walking, and do not lie down and read. After reading and writing for 1 hour, you should look into the distance for 10 minutes or walk outdoors to adjust your eye muscles.
(3) Always wear some eye drops, such as: cherish eye drops, eyesight eye drops, pearl eye drops, etc. Do eye exercises for ten minutes between classes.
(4) Try to avoid surfing the Internet or watching other highly radioactive things as much as possible. Pay attention to the arrangement of work and rest time, and do not let your eyes be tired for a long time.
(5) Don’t have a partial eclipse, eat less spicy food, and eat more food containing vitamin C, vitamin A, and D.
(6) Go to an ophthalmologist for regular examinations, follow the doctor’s instructions, and gradually correct your vision or prevent myopia from deepening.
6. Experience
The eyes are the windows to the soul, so isn’t the vision the window frame? Vision is related to our whole life. We must take good care of our eyes and never become a "four-eyed chicken" or regret our eyes in the future. Some professions require the use of eyes very much, especially those with better jobs. We protect our eyes now, isn’t it for the future? Having a pair of beautiful and bright big eyes is not only beautiful, but also able to find a good job. Wouldn’t it kill two birds with one stone? For our future, let’s protect our eyes!