1. Nao Ying Ying Xue

"Book of Jin·Che Yin Biography": "Yin Gong is diligent and knowledgeable, and his family is poor and he does not often get oil. Xia Yue is There are dozens of fireflies in the training bag to illuminate the book, day and night."

Explanation: Che Yingong of the Jin Dynasty was diligent and tireless in his studies. He is knowledgeable and knows many subjects. Since his family was poor and could not often get oil to light a lamp, in summer he would put dozens of fireflies in white silk bags to light up his reading until dawn.

Volume 202 of "Yuanjian Leihan" by Zhang Ying of the Qing Dynasty: "Sun Kang's family was poor and had no oil, so he tried to read in Yingxue." Volume 4 of "Shang You Lu": "Sun Kang, a native of Jingzhao, Jin Dynasty, was eager to learn, and his family was poor and had no oil. He tried to read in the snow in the winter moon." This means: Sun Kang, a native of the Jin Dynasty, had a poor family and no oil to light the lamp. I used to read under the snow light on snowy nights.

It is later used as a metaphor for studying hard. "Song Qiyu" cited in the second volume of "Ji Xue Ji" also records this matter.

2. Hanging beams and thorns

During the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a man named Sun Jing, a famous politician. When he was young, he was diligent and studious. He often closed the door and studied alone. I read from morning to night every day, often forgetting to eat and sleep. After studying for a long time, I was tired and didn’t rest. After a long time, I was so tired that I dozed off. He was afraid that it would affect his study and study, so he came up with a special method. In ancient times, men's hair was very long. He found a rope and tied one end firmly to the beam. When he was tired from studying, he took a nap. As soon as he lowered his head, the rope would hold his hair, which would hurt his scalp. He would wake up immediately and continue reading and studying.

This is the story of Sun Jing’s hanging.

During the Warring States Period, there was a man named Su Qin who was also a famous politician. When I was young, due to my limited knowledge, I went to work in many places but was not taken seriously. After returning home, his family was also very cold towards him and looked down upon him. This stimulated him greatly. Therefore, he made up his mind to study hard. He often studied until late at night and was very tired. He often took naps and wanted to sleep. He also figured out a way to prepare an awl, and when he dozed off, he would use the awl to prick his thigh. In this way, I suddenly felt pain, woke myself up, and continued reading. This leads to the story of Su Qin's "gut stabbing".

[Note]: From the story of Sun Jing and Su Qin who were studying, the idiom "hanging beams and stabbing bones" is derived, which is used to describe the spirit of studying hard and studying hard. Their spirit of studying hard is good, but their methods of studying diligently do not need to be imitated.

3. Not letting go of the scroll

Guangwu (Liu Xiu) was in charge of the army, so he never let go of the scroll."

Interpretation "Scroll" refers to the book. The book in his hand will not Put it down, which means seizing the time to study hard, or being fascinated by reading.

The story is that during the Three Kingdoms period, there was a general named Lu Meng Ziming in Soochow. When he was young, his family was poor and he could not study. He was brave in battle and often achieved military exploits, but he suffered from a lack of culture and could not summarize his battle experience.

One day, Sun Quan, the Lord of Wu, said to Lu Meng: "You are now a general and you should be in charge of affairs. Read some books carefully to increase your talents."

When Lu Meng heard that his master asked him to study, he embarrassedly said: "There are many things in the army, and I have to take care of them personally. I can't find time to study!"

Sun Quan said: "You don't have as much to do as me, right? I'm not asking you to study knowledge, but I just want you to read some ancient books and get some inspiration from them. That's all."

Lu Meng asked: "But I don't know which books I should read?"

Sun Quan listened and said with a smile: "You can read some "Sun Tzu" first. "Six Tao" and other art of war books, and then read some history books such as "Zuo Zhuan" and "Historical Records". These books will be very useful for leading troops to fight in the future. "

After a pause, Sun Quan said again: "You have to squeeze out time yourself. In the past, Emperor Guangwu of the Han Dynasty always held a book in his hand and refused to put it down at the tense moment of marching and fighting! You young people should encourage yourselves to read more books. ”

After listening to Sun Quan’s words, Lü Meng began to study and study when he returned home, and persevered.

Source: "Three Kingdoms·Wu Zhi·Lü Meng Biography" annotated "Jiang Biao Biography"

p>

4. Chiseling out walls to steal light

In the Western Han Dynasty, there was a famous Confucian scholar named Kuang Heng. The story of him chiseling out walls to steal light to study is still a favorite story today.

Historical records indicate that Kuang Heng grew up in a poor family. During the day, he cut wood and grass to earn some food; at night, he wanted to study, but he had no money to buy an oil lamp. He saw the bright lights in his neighbor's house, so he cut a hole in the wall to bring out a weak light. Every night, he relied on this little light to read eagerly and attentively... Later, in order to read more books, he was even willing to work as a slave for a man whose family had a rich collection of books regardless of reward. He had only one purpose - —Hope to read more books.