1. Poems about Tao Yuanming's allusions
Poems about Tao Yuanming's allusions 1. Who has Tao Yuanming's stories and famous poems
Wonderful articles*** appreciation, doubts Phase and analysis. (Eastern Jin Dynasty, Tao Yuanming, Migration)
Picking chrysanthemums under the eastern fence, you can leisurely see Nanshan Mountain. (Eastern Jin Dynasty·Tao Yuanming·Drinking)
The mountain air is getting better day and night, and the birds are flying back and forth. (Eastern Jin Dynasty·Tao Yuanming·Drinking)
The tame bird is nostalgic for the old forest, and the pond fish is thinking about the old abyss. (Eastern Jin Dynasty·Tao Yuanming·Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields is One)
After being in a cage for a long time, you can return to nature. (Eastern Jin Dynasty·Tao Yuanming·Returning to the garden and living in the fields is one of them)
In the morning, he went to clean up the wasteland and filth, and returned home with a hoe in the moonlight. (Eastern Jin Dynasty, Tao Yuanming, Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields, the Third)
Xingtian dances with relatives, and the strong will is always there. (Eastern Jin Dynasty·Tao Yuanming·Reading the Classic of Mountains and Seas)
The prime years will not come again, and it will be difficult to wake up again in one day. (Eastern Jin Dynasty·Tao Yuanming·Miscellaneous Poems)
Don’t be concerned about poverty and lowliness, and don’t be obsessed with wealth. (Biography of Mr. Wu Liu by Tao Yuanming of the Eastern Jin Dynasty)
The wood is flourishing and the spring is trickling. (Eastern Jin Dynasty·Tao Yuanming·Return and Return)
Tao Yuanming only knew true hiding, and bitter hiding was really the worst choice in the path of "hiding".
Hermits are respected and praised figures in Chinese culture. They are representatives of a conservative culture. They are not afraid of poverty or staying away from the world. This is because they pursue a dignified life, a life that "does not compromise for five buckets of rice" and a free life that removes the shackles that imprison the soul.
Freedom, what a beautiful and attractive word! People are born to love freedom. However, freedom is conditional, freedom is relative, and freedom has to pay a price. When people have this kind of freedom, they have to lose that kind of freedom. Even gods cannot achieve absolute freedom, because freedom is always restricted by unfreedom.
Tao Yuanming, who pursues absolute spiritual freedom, can only be a son of freedom dancing in shackles. His fate is destined to be trapped in various material unfreedoms throughout his life.
2. Stories and poems about Tao Yuanming
Tao Yuanming (365~427) was a poet, poet, and essayist in the Jin and Song Dynasties.
A Qian, with a bright character and a private nickname of Jingjie. A native of Chaisang, Xunyang (now southwest of Jiujiang, Jiangxi).
Tao Yuanming was born into a declining official family. Great-grandfather Tao Kan was the founding father of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He held the rank of Grand Sima, military commander of eight states, governor of two states in Jingjiang, and was granted the title of Duke of Changsha.
Tao Yuanming's grandfather was a prefect, his father died early, and his mother was the daughter of Meng Jia, a famous scholar in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Tao Yuanming's life can be roughly divided into three periods.
The first period was before Tao Yuanming was 28 years old in the 17th year of Taiyuan (392), the reign of Emperor Xiaowu of Jin Dynasty. Due to the early death of his father, he has lived in poverty since his youth.
The second period, the academic period, lasted from the 18th year of Taiyuan when he was 29 years old to the 41st year of Jin'an Emperor Yixi's first year (405). The third period, the return to field period, lasted from the second year of Yixi (406), the reign of Emperor Wen of the Jin Dynasty, to the death of illness in the fourth year (427) of Emperor Wen of the Song Dynasty, Yuanjia.
The more than 20 years after returning to the field was his most creative period. There are currently 125 poems by Tao Yuanming in existence, including 9 four-character poems and 116 five-character poems.
His four-character poems are not very good. His five-character poems can be roughly divided into two categories; one is the chanting poetry that inherits the tradition of lyrical expression since the Han and Wei dynasties and is developed, and the other is the pastoral poetry with few precedents.
Tao Shi's artistic achievements have been highly praised since the Tang Dynasty, and are even regarded as "the fundamental criterion for poetry". More than 100 years after Tao Yuanming's death, Xiao Tong collected his posthumous writings, cataloged them separately, compiled 8 volumes of "Collected Works of Tao Yuanming", and wrote the preface and biography himself.
Later, Yang Xiuzhi of the Northern Qi Dynasty added separate editions of "Five Filial Biography" and "Four Eight Eyes" on the basis of Xiao's edition, and the preface was the 10-volume "Collection of Tao Qian". The Yang version in the late Sui Dynasty lost its preface and became a 9-volume version.
Since then, separate volumes have been published one after another, trying to compile 10 volumes. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Song Xiang republished the 10-volume "Collection of Tao Qian", which was the earliest published version of Tao's poems. None of the above books have been handed down.
The earliest versions available today are several from the Southern Song Dynasty to the early Yuan Dynasty. The main ones include: two volumes of poems and essays collected by Zeng, published in the third year of Shaoxi's reign in the Southern Song Dynasty, with a shadowed version of the Qing Dynasty; a 10-volume collection of Jiguge, published in the Southern Song Dynasty, with a printed version of the Qing Dynasty; an 8-volume collection of Jiao □, published in the Southern Song Dynasty, with a printed version Jiao's Ming translation, the 5 volumes of "Tao Ji" in today's "Seventy-two Collections of Han and Wei Dynasties" are also the Song version of Jiao's translation.
In addition, there are also the "Poems of Mr. Dongpo and Tao Yuanming" published in the Song Dynasty and the large-character version written by Su in the Yuan Dynasty. The first person to annotate Tao's poems was Tang Han of the Southern Song Dynasty.
After the Yuan Dynasty, the number of annotations and commentaries increased day by day. In the early Yuan Dynasty, there are 10 volumes of Li Gonghuan's "Annotations on Tao Yuanming Collection": it is common to have photocopies of four series.
Tao Shu in the Qing Dynasty annotated "The Collection of Mr. Jingjie" in 10 volumes, including a family journal version and a typesetting version of the ancient literature publishing house. The "Tao Jingjie Poetry Notes" written by Gu Zhi in recent times is available in the "Yulou Series" version and the "Debingtang Five Kinds" version. The latter is called the "Tao Jingjie Poetry Notes Final Edition".
1-50 poems: Mingzi (10 poems) Two poems from the capital in the middle of the fifth month of the Gengzi year, but still blocking the wind in Guilin, and four poems written in the mouth when Xin Chou went on leave in the seventh month of the year and returned to Jiangling for a night walk Two poems written by Master Guo at the beginning of spring in Guimao and two poems nostalgic about ancient farmhouses to encourage farmers (six poems). Composed by Cao Huxi in the middle of the twelfth month of the year Cao Guimao and prefaced by his younger brother Jingyuan Tingyun (four poems). Fortune and fortune (four poems). Rongmu and wood (four poems). Beginning to compose the sutra of joining the army. Azuo. Drinking alone in the rain. In the third month of the year of Yisi. In the third month of the year, he joined the army in Jianwei. The capital passed through Qianxi and returned to the garden and fields. Five poems of returning to the birds ( Four poems) 51-100: Responsible for the fire in the middle of June in the year of Wushen and Liu Chaisang's reward for Liu Chaisang's harvest of early rice in Xitian in the middle of September of the year of Xu. Two poems to say farewell to the Yin and Jin Dynasties and a preface to the shape, shadow and god. Three poems to stop drinking. In the middle of the eighth month of the year Bingchen was born, I received the message from the Xia [浵彽] farmhouse. Xie Jingyi Sanlang, the ancestor of Zhou Xu, presented a sheep to Chang Shi and prefaced it for drinking. Twenty poems and prefaces were returned to the old residence. I was saddened by my brother Zhongde and presented them to the Duke of Changsha (four poems). Poems 101-154 for Paying Ding to Chai Sang: A visit to the Zhou family at dusk, a poem of resentment under the cypress, Chu Tiao showed Master Pang, Deng Zhizhong, and Zhang Changshi lived idle for nine days at the end of the year, chanting about the poor man. Drinking at Wang Fu's army seat to see off guests, reading thirteen poems from "The Classic of Mountains and Seas" on the day of Lari, replying to Pang Canjun, answering Pang Canjun, and prefaced it (six poems); two poems, two poems, three good poems, and a poem about Jing Ke, composed and prefaced by three begging elegy poems - -------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------- One of the destiny children: My ancestor Youyou, was born in Tao Tang Dynasty. Miao Yan and Yu Bin have been honored throughout the ages.
Yulong Qinxia, ??Bowei Yishang. Mu Mu Situ, the Jue clan is prosperous.
Second: The Warring States Period came one after another, and the Zhou Dynasty declined. The phoenix is ??hidden in the forest, and the secluded person is in the hill.
The clouds are flying around, and the whales are rushing into the current. There are Han people in Tianji, and they are attached to Minhou.
The third one: Release He Minhou, and your luck will be like climbing the dragon. The sword is stroked vigorously, showing off one's martial arts skills.
The rivers and mountains were sworn in writing, and the soil and seal were opened. Prime Minister Qi Qi, Yun Di's whereabouts.
Fourth: Hunhun has a long source, and is awe-inspiring and Hongke. Qunchuan carries guidance, and numerous articles carry guidance.
Sometimes the words are silent, and the fortune is prosperous. In my country, Jin, the industry is integrated into Changsha.
The fifth one: Huanhuan Changsha, Yixun Yide. The emperor has conquered me and conquered the southern country.
After his success, he resigned and returned, but he was favored by others. What is called this heart is that it is close and can be obtained.
The sixth one: I respect my ancestors and be as cautious as I was at the beginning. Zhifang Ertai, Huihe Qianli.
In Huangren's examination, he was indifferent and stopped. The traces of the wind and clouds make Mingzi feel happy.
The seventh one: I am so humble and out of reach. Gu is ashamed of her beautiful temples, and her shadow is just standing.
Three thousand sins, nothing to worry about. I read it sincerely, and I cried when I heard it.
Eighth: The fortune predicts a good day, which indicates a good time. The name is Ruyue Yan, and the courtesy name is Ruqiu Si.
I think of you warmly and respectfully day and night. I still want to know Kong Ji, but I just want to do it! Nine: Li Ye gave birth to a son, so he asked for fire.
Everyone with a good heart is interested in me! Now that I have seen it alive, I really want to see it. People also have words, and their feelings are true.
The tenth: The sun lives in the moon, and children are gradually avoided. Blessings come easily, and misfortunes come easily.
Working hard and sleeping hard, I am willing to be talented. If you are not talented, that’s all! -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------- In the middle of the fifth month of the Gengzi year, Congdu still blocked the wind in Guilin. One of the two poems: Xing Walking along the way back, I count the days and look at my old home.
I am glad to see my warm face, and I am glad to see my friends again. The drum beats the rugged music on the road, indicating that the scenery is limited to the west.
Isn’t the country dangerous? It’s time to think about it before you return home.
3. Tao Yuanming’s poems
1. The greatness of Tao Yuanming Tao Yuanming is the greatest pastoral poet in the history of Chinese literature and the originator of pastoral poetry in our country.
This is because of his thorough understanding of society, time and space, life, life and death; because of his erudition and rich life practice; especially because of his outstanding literary genius, in Bai Juyi’s words : "I always love Tao Pengze, and his literary thoughts are so profound." His poems seem to be popular and clear as words, but they express high sentiments and deep philosophy.
For example, Tao Yuanming wrote "Five Poems on Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields", one of which is: Planting beans at the foot of the southern mountain, the grass is thick and the bean seedlings are sparse. I wake up in the morning to sort out the wasteland and filth, and return with a hoe in the moonlight.
The road is narrow and the grass and trees are long, and the evening dew touches my clothes. It's not enough to regret the stain on your clothes, but your wishes are fulfilled.
This poem is written in a simple and clear way, like a children's song, but it expresses Tao Yuanming's noble sentiments. He would rather go out early and come back late to hoe, not afraid of the dew on his clothes, and stay in the countryside, rather than follow the corrupt officialdom. Dog, dog and fly camp. Due to the extremely high artistic value of Tao Yuanming's poems, people have read and put them down for thousands of years.
Tao Yuanming’s life was closely related to wine. Wine was his need in life and wine was his nostalgia in life. It has been almost 1,600 years since Tao Yuanming left us. In that era when material life was very poor, people lived a life of plowing at sunrise and resting at sunset. Especially since Tao Yuanming resigned from the officialdom of fighting for power and profit and intrigues and retired to live in remote mountains. In the countryside, only wine can relieve him from his worries, excite him and make him comfortable.
A small drink brings a little comfort, a big drink brings a big comfort. If he drinks too much, he will say: "I want to sleep, please go." Wine is a magical drink. It not only has material properties and can quench hunger and thirst; it also has spiritual properties, which can act on people's central nervous system, regulate people's high-level neural activities, and affect people's spirit and emotions.
In Tao Yuanming's time, there were no psychostimulants such as tobacco and coffee, and people could only regulate their emotions with the help of wine. Many of Tao Yuanming's representative works, such as "Come Back and Come Back", "The Biography of Mr. Wuliu", "Twenty Drinking Poems", etc., all express his attachment to wine, or were composed after drinking.
The story of Tao Yuanming’s love for wine is very popular and has been passed down through the ages. Tao Yuanming's drinking poems are written with beautiful artistic conception and profound implications.
Tao Yuanming's noble character, like his immortal poems, shines because of wine. This article strives to use the most concise words to interpret Tao Yuanming's wine poems and words.
By describing the historical background of Tao Yuanming's life and Tao Yuanming's attachment to wine, it shows Tao Yuanming's noble integrity and great achievements in literary creation. In the long river of history, there are so many shining stars. They have made different contributions to the development and prosperity of the Chinese nation, and therefore they shine brightly or darkly in people's memories.
As time goes by, as history advances, some stars dim, disappear, and are forgotten, and more new stars appear in the long river of history. In the long history of history, some people were very great and moved the wind and rain when they were alive.
After death, as time disappears, he is gradually forgotten by people.
Some people were ordinary or slightly famous when they were alive. With the development of history, their fame becomes more and more famous, and their historical contributions become more and more great.
Tao Yuanming is such a great person. He is like a ruby, he is like a luminous pearl. When he was alive and after his death for a long time, he did not attract people's attention. As history progresses, generations of people gradually get to know him, wipe away the dust that buried him, and make him shine brightly and forever in the long river of history.
In 427 AD, Tao Yuanming completed his 76-year life and passed away. He was buried in the Tao family cemetery at the foot of Nanshan Mountain, at the foot of Mianyang Mountain at the junction of Jiujiang County and Xingzi County in Jiangxi Province today.
Today, Tao Yuanming’s tomb is well preserved. The tombstone consists of three stones, one large, two small and one small. In the middle is the regular script "The Tomb of Mr. Jingjie Tao Gong of Jin Zheng Tu" in regular script. On the left is an epitaph and on the right is "Going Back". "Lai Xi Ci" was established by the descendants of Tao in the first year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty. After Tao Yuanming's death, his close friend Yan Yanzhi wrote "Tao Zhengtu Edict" for him and gave him the posthumous title "Jingjie".
In his tribute, Yan Yanzhi praised Tao Yuanming's character and integrity throughout his life, but did not fully affirm his literary achievements. Tao Yuanming's status in the history of Chinese literature has not been recognized in the decades after his death. be fully affirmed and acknowledged. Xiao Tong, Prince Zhaoming of the Liang Dynasty, attached great importance to Tao Yuanming's poems and couldn't put them down.
Xiao Tong personally edited, wrote the preface and wrote the biography for Tao Yuanming. "The Collection of Tao Yuanming" is the first collection of literati in the history of Chinese literature, which is of great significance.
In his "Preface to the Collection of Tao Yuanming", Xiao Tong praised "his articles as being unparalleled, with brilliant diction, remarkable ups and downs, unique among others, upbeat and hearty, and nothing like it in Beijing". During the Southern Dynasties, although Tao Yuanming's literary status was not given due recognition, his poetry and prose works became more and more widely circulated and had an increasing influence.
In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, more and more poets liked Tao Yuanming's poems, and their evaluation of Tao Yuanming became higher and higher. Wang Ji in the early Tang Dynasty was a pastoral poet. Like Tao Yuanming, he retired to the countryside many times and entertained himself with gin and wine.
His poem "The Drunken Queen" says: Ruan Ji wakes up less often, and Tao Qian gets drunk more often. How can a hundred years be enough to take advantage of the joy and sing a long song?
Meng Haoran, a landscape and pastoral poet of the Tang Dynasty, admired Tao Yuanming very much. He wrote in "Returning to the South of Han Dynasty in Midsummer to Send an Old Tour to Jingyi": Tao Zhengjun is the best person to read "Gaotu Biography". Indulging in pastoral interests, he calls himself a Xihuang person. Li Bai even admired Tao Yuanming's character and poetry.
In "A Play Presented to Zheng Liyang", he wrote: Tao Ling was drunk every day, and he didn't know the five willow springs. The plain qin has no strings, and a Ge towel is used to filter the wine.
Under the cool breeze of the north window, he calls himself a Xihuang person. When I arrived in Lili, I met my dearest friend.
Li Bai's idea of ??"being able to bend his eyebrows to serve the powerful" and Tao Yuanming's spirit of "not bowing down for five buckets of rice" are of the same origin. After the An-Shi Rebellion, Du Fu lived a wandering life and took Tao Yuanming as a confidant. He wrote in "A Letter to the Father-in-law of Wei Yin in Henan Province": The heart should be relieved with wine, and the best thing to do is to condemn and excite poetry.
This means Tao Qianjie, I will be born after you. Bai Juyi, a poet of the Mid-Tang Dynasty, admired Tao Yuanming very much.
In 815 AD, Bai Juyi was demoted to Sima of Jiangzhou, which was very close to Tao Yuanming's hometown of Xunyang. I once visited Tao Yuanming's former residence and wrote the poem "Visiting Tao Gong's Old Residence".
The poem first uses "dirt will not stain jade, and the phoenix will not peck at fishy fish" to praise Tao Yuanming's noble personality, and finally writes: Chaisang Ancient Village.
4. Ask for three stories about Tao Yuanming
That year, Tao Yuanming, who had passed his forties, once again served as the magistrate of Pengze County.
On the eighty-first day after taking office, I met the postal supervisor who came to inspect official duties. Liu Yun, the postal supervisor, was fierce and greedy. He asked for bribes from the counties under his jurisdiction, but he always returned with full rewards, otherwise he would be framed.
The county official said: "You should dress neatly, prepare gifts, and greet the governor respectfully." Tao Yuanming sighed: "How can I bow down to the village children for five measures of rice?"
It means how can I humbly bribe and show courtesy to these villains for the sake of the county magistrate's salary of five dollars. After that, he hung up his hat and left, resigned and returned home.
After that, he studied and cultivated Longmu. Source: "Book of Jin? Biography of Tao Qian": "Qian sighed and said: 'I can't bend my waist for five buckets of rice, for boxing will be the evil of the village villain!" Interpretation of five buckets of rice: the salary of the county magistrate in the Jin Dynasty, and later refers to the meager salary; bending the waist: To bend down and salute means to bend oneself to others.
It is a metaphor for a person who is noble, has integrity, and is not moved by profit or gain. Tao Yuanming and chrysanthemums: Tao Yuanming, a pastoral poet of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, can be said to have an indissoluble bond with chrysanthemums.
Tao Yuanming wrote many poems about chrysanthemums, the most famous of which are like his poem "Drinking", which contains "Picking chrysanthemums under the eastern fence, leisurely seeing the Nanshan Mountain", and "The autumn chrysanthemums are beautiful, and the dew is scattered on them" "Ying, I forget my worries, and I leave behind my worldly feelings." Chrysanthemum is the embodiment of personality for Tao Yuanming.
The poet naturally connected the elegant and indifferent image of the chrysanthemum with his own aspirations and interests that were different from popular customs, so that later generations regarded the chrysanthemum as a symbol of gentleman's integrity and the conduct of a gentleman. Inscription on the humble house: "Tao Yuanming loves chrysanthemums alone."
Peach Blossom Spring: Tao Yuanming lived in a war-torn environment at the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. After middle age, he lived in seclusion in the countryside for a long time. He had a deep understanding of the reality of the countryside and a deep understanding of the people. He had a personal experience of his desire, so he conceived the ideal society in his mind-Xanadu. In this society, there is no oppression, no exploitation, and no disturbance; everyone participates in labor to the best of their ability, the elderly and children live happily, and everyone is extremely harmonious and friendly.
Tao Yuanming fictionalized this story to express his yearning for a pastoral and beautiful society. But the author clearly saw that such an ideal society could not be realized under the conditions at that time.
Therefore, in this article, he not only displays this ideal social specimen through the eyes of a fisherman, but also denies its existence by getting lost in the fisherman's search - at least not here. In the real world. If you want to find it, you can only hold it high in the air. This is what the last sentence of "Poetry of Peach Blossom Spring" says, "I would like to whisper in the breeze and hold it high to find my contract."
But this is just a wish, who can do it? From this point of view, no one "cares" about Liu Ziji after him, which seems to express the author's helpless sigh.
5. Ask for three stories about Tao Yuanming
That year, Tao Yuanming, who had passed his forties, once again served as the magistrate of Pengze County. Eighty-one days after taking office, I met the postal supervisor who came to inspect official duties. Liu Yun, the postal supervisor, was fierce and greedy. He asked for bribes from the counties under his jurisdiction, but he always returned with full rewards, otherwise he would be framed. The county official said: "You should dress neatly, prepare gifts, and greet the governor respectfully." Tao Yuanming sighed: "How can I bow down to the village children for five measures of rice?" It means how can I pay for the county magistrate's five measures of rice? If you don't have enough salary, you will humbly bribe and show courtesy to these villains. After that, he hung up his hat and left, resigned and returned home. After that, he studied and farmed Longmu.
Source: "Book of Jin? Biography of Tao Qian": "Qian sighed and said: 'I can't bend my waist for five buckets of rice, because boxing is the evil of the village villain!"
Interpretation of five buckets of rice: Jin The salary of acting county magistrate, later refers to the meager salary; bending down: bending down to salute, referring to bending oneself to others. It is a metaphor for a person who is noble, upright and unmoved by profit and gain.
Tao Yuanming and chrysanthemums:
Tao Yuanming, a pastoral poet of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, can be said to have an indissoluble bond with chrysanthemums. Tao Yuanming wrote many poems about chrysanthemums, the most famous of which are like his poem "Drinking", which contains "Picking chrysanthemums under the eastern fence, leisurely seeing the Nanshan Mountain", and "The autumn chrysanthemums are beautiful, and their beauty is revealed, and they forget their worries." "The chrysanthemum is the embodiment of personality for Tao Yuanming. The poet naturally connected the elegant and indifferent image of the chrysanthemum with his own aspirations and interests that were different from popular customs, so that later generations regarded the chrysanthemum as a symbol of a gentleman's integrity and a gentleman's conduct.
Inscription on the humble house: "Tao Yuanming loved chrysanthemums alone."
Peach Blossom Spring:
Tao Yuanming lived in a war-torn environment at the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. After middle age, he lived for a long time Living in seclusion in the countryside, he had a deep understanding of the reality of the countryside and a personal experience of the people's wishes, so he conceived the ideal society in his mind - Xanadu.
In this society, there is no oppression, no exploitation, and no disturbance; everyone participates in labor to the best of their ability, the elderly and children live happily, and everyone is extremely harmonious and friendly.
Tao Yuanming fictionalized this story to express his yearning for a pastoral and beautiful society. But the author clearly saw that such an ideal society could not be realized under the conditions at that time.
Therefore, in this article, he not only displays this ideal social specimen through the eyes of a fisherman, but also denies its existence by getting lost in the fisherman's search - at least not here. In the real world. If you want to find it, you can only hold it high in the air. This is what the last sentence of "Poetry of Peach Blossom Spring" says, "I would like to whisper in the breeze and hold it high to find my contract." But this is just a wish, who can do it? From this point of view, no one "cares" about Liu Ziji after him, which seems to express the author's helpless sigh.
6. The story about Tao Yuanming
According to legend, one day, a young man came to him for advice and said: "Mr. Tao, I admire your profound knowledge very much and would like to know. Please teach me the wonderful method of studying when you were young. I will be grateful to the younger generation."
After hearing this, Tao Yuanming laughed and said: "Is there any wonderful method of learning in the world? There is only a stupid method, which depends on hard work and diligent study. If you go in, you will drop out if you drop out!"
Tao Yuanming saw that the young man did not understand what he meant, so he took his hand to the rice field where he was planting, pointed to a seedling and said, "Squat down here and look carefully. Look, tell me if it is growing taller?" The young man watched for a long time, but still did not see the seedlings growing, so he stood up and said to Tao Yuanming, "It's not growing!"
Tao Yuanming asked. He asked: "Is it true that it has not grown? So, how did the short seedlings become so tall?"
Seeing that the young man lowered his head and said nothing, Tao Yuanming further guided him: "Actually, it is always there. Growth is just invisible to our naked eyes. The same is true for reading and studying. Knowledge is accumulated bit by bit. Sometimes it is not easy for even you to notice it, but as long as you study hard, you will add up."
Then, Tao Yuanming pointed to a whetstone by the stream and asked the boy: "Why does that whetstone have a concave surface like a saddle?" "It is ground like this." The boy replied casually. .
“Then on what day did it become like this? "The young man shook his head.
Tao Yuanming said: "This is what we all have to sharpen our swords and sickles every day, over time, year after year, to become like this. The same is true for learning. If you don't insist on studying, , I owe something every day."
The young man suddenly realized, and quickly gave Tao Yuanming a big gift and said: "Thank you sir for your advice, I will never ask for any magic advice again. Please leave a few words for me, sir. I kept these words in mind all the time."
Tao Yuanming happily wrote: "Diligence in study is like a seedling rising in spring, but it will not grow if it is not seen. Dropping out of school is like a whetstone, which will disappear. Its losses will be lost every day.
7. Tao Yuanming's poems
1. Tao Yuanming's greatness Tao Yuanming is the greatest pastoral poet in the history of Chinese literature and the originator of pastoral poetry in our country.
This is because of his thorough understanding of society, time and space, life, life and death; because of his erudition and rich life practice; especially because of his outstanding literary genius, in Bai Juyi’s words : "I always love Tao Pengze, and his literary thoughts are so profound." His poems seem to be popular and clear as words, but they express high sentiments and deep philosophy.
For example, Tao Yuanming wrote "Five Poems on Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields", one of which is: Planting beans at the foot of the southern mountain, the grass is thick and the bean seedlings are sparse. I wake up in the morning to sort out the wasteland and filth, and return with a hoe in the moonlight.
The road is narrow and the grass and trees are long, and the evening dew touches my clothes. It's not enough to regret the stain on your clothes, but your wishes are fulfilled.
This poem is written in a simple and clear way, like a children's song, but it expresses Tao Yuanming's noble sentiments. He would rather go out early and come back late to hoe, not afraid of the dew on his clothes, and stay in the countryside rather than follow the corrupt officialdom. Dog, dog and fly camp. Due to the extremely high artistic value of Tao Yuanming's poems, people have read and put them down for thousands of years.
Tao Yuanming’s life was closely related to wine. Wine was his need in life and wine was his nostalgia in life. It has been almost 1,600 years since Tao Yuanming left us. In that era when material life was very poor, people lived a life of plowing at sunrise and resting at sunset. Especially since Tao Yuanming resigned from the officialdom of fighting for power and profit and intrigues and retired to live in remote mountains. In the countryside, only wine can relieve him from his worries, excite him and make him comfortable.
A small drink brings a little comfort, a big drink brings a big comfort. If he drinks too much, he will say: "I want to sleep, please go." Wine is a magical drink. It not only has material properties and can quench hunger and thirst; it also has spiritual properties, which can act on people's central nervous system, regulate people's high-level neural activities, and affect people's spirit and emotions.
In Tao Yuanming's time, there were no psychostimulants such as tobacco and coffee, and people could only regulate their emotions with the help of wine. Many of Tao Yuanming's representative works, such as "Come Back and Come Back", "The Biography of Mr. Wuliu", "Twenty Drinking Poems", etc., all express his attachment to wine, or were composed after drinking.
The story of Tao Yuanming’s love for wine is very popular and has been passed down through the ages. Tao Yuanming's drinking poems are written with beautiful artistic conception and profound implications.
Tao Yuanming's noble character, like his immortal poems, shines because of wine. This article strives to use the most concise words to interpret Tao Yuanming's wine poems and words.
By describing the historical background of Tao Yuanming's life and Tao Yuanming's attachment to wine, it shows Tao Yuanming's noble integrity and great achievements in literary creation. In the long river of history, there are so many shining stars. They have made different contributions to the development and prosperity of the Chinese nation, and therefore they shine brightly or darkly in people's memories.
As time goes by, as history advances, some stars dim, disappear, and are forgotten, and more new stars appear in the long river of history. In the long history of history, some people were very great and moved the wind and rain when they were alive.
After death, as time disappears, he is gradually forgotten by people. Some people were ordinary or slightly famous when they were alive. With the development of history, their fame becomes more and more famous, and their historical contributions become more and more great.
Tao Yuanming is such a great person. He is like a ruby, he is like a luminous pearl. When he was alive and after his death for a long time, he did not attract people's attention. As history progresses, generations of people gradually get to know him, wipe away the dust that buried him, and make him shine brightly and forever in the long river of history.
In 427 AD, Tao Yuanming completed his 76-year life and passed away. He was buried in the Tao family cemetery at the foot of Nanshan Mountain, at the foot of Mianyang Mountain at the junction of Jiujiang County and Xingzi County in Jiangxi Province today.
Today, Tao Yuanming’s tomb is well preserved. The tombstone consists of three stones, one large, two small and one small. In the middle is the regular script "The Tomb of Mr. Jingjie Tao Gong of Jin Zheng Tu" in regular script. On the left is an epitaph and on the right is "Going Back". "Lai Xi Ci" was established by the descendants of Tao in the first year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty. After Tao Yuanming's death, his close friend Yan Yanzhi wrote "Tao Zhengtu Edict" for him and gave him the posthumous title "Jingjie".
In his tribute, Yan Yanzhi praised Tao Yuanming's character and integrity throughout his life, but did not fully affirm his literary achievements. Tao Yuanming's status in the history of Chinese literature has not been recognized in the decades after his death. be fully affirmed and acknowledged. Xiao Tong, Prince Zhaoming of the Liang Dynasty, attached great importance to Tao Yuanming's poems and couldn't put them down.
Xiao Tong personally edited, wrote the preface and wrote the biography for Tao Yuanming. "The Collection of Tao Yuanming" is the first collection of literati in the history of Chinese literature, which is of great significance.
In his "Preface to the Collection of Tao Yuanming", Xiao Tong praised "his articles as being unparalleled, with brilliant diction, remarkable ups and downs, unique among others, upbeat and hearty, and nothing like it in Beijing". During the Southern Dynasties, although Tao Yuanming's literary status was not given due recognition, his poetry and prose works became more and more widely circulated and had an increasing influence.
In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, more and more poets liked Tao Yuanming's poems, and their evaluation of Tao Yuanming became higher and higher.
Wang Ji in the early Tang Dynasty was a pastoral poet. Like Tao Yuanming, he retired to the countryside many times and entertained himself with gin and wine.
His poem "The Drunken Queen" says: Ruan Ji wakes up less often, and Tao Qian gets drunk more often. How can a hundred years be enough to take advantage of the joy and sing a long song?
Meng Haoran, a landscape and pastoral poet of the Tang Dynasty, admired Tao Yuanming very much. He wrote in "Returning to the South of Han Dynasty in Midsummer to Send an Old Tour to Jingyi": Tao Zhengjun is the best person to read "The Story of Gaotu". Indulging in pastoral interests, he calls himself a Xihuang person. Li Bai even admired Tao Yuanming's character and poetry.
In "A Play Presented to Zheng Liyang", he wrote: Tao Ling was drunk every day, and he didn't know the five willow springs. The plain qin has no strings, and a Ge towel is used to filter the wine.
Under the cool breeze of the north window, he calls himself a Xihuang person. When I arrived in Lili, I met my dearest friend.
Li Bai's idea of ??"being able to bend his eyebrows to serve the powerful" and Tao Yuanming's spirit of "not bowing down for five buckets of rice" are of the same origin. After the Anshi Rebellion, Du Fu lived a wandering life and took Tao Yuanming as his confidant. He wrote in "A Letter to the Father-in-law of Wei Yin in Henan Province": The heart should be relieved with wine, and the best thing to do is to condemn and excite poetry.
This means Tao Qianjie, I will be born after you. Bai Juyi, a poet of the Mid-Tang Dynasty, admired Tao Yuanming very much.
In 815 AD, Bai Juyi was demoted to Sima of Jiangzhou, which was very close to Tao Yuanming's hometown of Xunyang. I once visited Tao Yuanming's former residence and wrote the poem "Visiting Tao Gong's Old Residence".
The poem first uses "dirt will not stain the jade, and the phoenix will not peck the fishy fish" to praise Tao Yuanming's noble personality, and finally writes: Chaisang Ancient Village.
8. 20 words about Tao Yuanming's story
Tao Yuanming - Don't bend your waist for five bushels of rice
The idiom "Don't bend your waist for five bushels of rice" means using It is used as a metaphor for having backbone and being noble. This idiom comes from "Jin Shu Tao Qian Biography", I can't bend my waist for five buckets of rice, and boxing will cause evil in the village. Tao Yuanming, also known as Tao Qian, is the earliest pastoral poet in my country. The reason why he was able to create many works based on natural scenery and rural life is closely related to his experience and situation. In the autumn of 405 AD, in order to support his family, he came to Pengze, not far from his hometown, to be the county magistrate. In the winter of this year, the prefect of the county sent a postal inspector to Pengze County to inspect. The postal governor has a low grade, but he is somewhat powerful. He can only speak in front of the prefect with his mouth. The postal supervisor sent this time was a vulgar and arrogant man. As soon as he arrived at Peng Ze's hotel, he sent the county official to ask the county magistrate to see him. Tao Yuanming usually despises fame and wealth, and refuses to follow the crowd. He despises people who give orders in the name of their superiors, but he had to go see him, so he set off immediately. Unexpectedly, the county official stopped Tao Yuanming and said, "Sir, when you see the postal supervisor, you must wear official uniforms and wear a belt. Otherwise, it will be unseemly. If the superintendent takes the opportunity to make a big fuss, it will be detrimental to you!" At this time, Tao Yuanming again I can't bear it anymore. He let out a long sigh and said, "I can't give in to the villagers for five measures of rice!" After that, he simply took out his official seal, sealed it, and immediately wrote a letter of resignation, and then left the county, where he had only worked for more than eighty days. Peng Ze of Ling.
Tao Yuanming is a famous poet in the history of Chinese literature. He lived in the late Eastern Jin Dynasty. His life was mainly spent in seclusion and farming, and he was a "famous hermit". Because he sang about seclusion and described pastoral areas in his poems, he was called a "reclusive poet" or a "pastoral poet". Tao Yuanming's poems have a unique style in art, which are plain, natural and full of true feelings. He once wrote a group of twenty poems with the general title "Drinking", the fifth of which can be regarded as his masterpiece both ideologically and artistically.