The Battle of Julu in 206 BC, when Xiang Yu defeated Zhang Han. This war has two meanings: first, the main force of the Qin army was eliminated, and the peasant army gained the initiative in the war; second, Xiang Yu became the commander-in-chief of the coalition forces from a general, and the war began to gradually transform from the battle to destroy Qin to the Chu-Han war. .
The idiom "Strong walls and clear fields" comes from "The Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms? The Book of Wei? The Biography of Xun Jue (yù)".
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, after Cao Cao suppressed the Yellow Turban Army and occupied the Yanzhou area, he ambitiously prepared to capture the important area of ??Xuzhou.
At that time, there was a man named Xun Jue in Yingyang, Yingchuan (now Xuchang, Henan). He was a very talented man. He moved to Jizhou to avoid Dong Zhuo's rebellion, and was treated as an honored guest by Yuan Shao. He saw that Yuan Shao could not achieve great things, so he defected to Cao Cao's sect. Cao Cao was overjoyed and appointed him Sima. From then on, he followed Cao Cao in his southern and northern campaigns, making suggestions and winning Cao Cao's trust.
In 194 AD, Xuzhou Mu Tao Qian died of illness and gave Xuzhou to Liu Bei before his death. When the news came, Cao Cao could no longer hold back his desire to seize Xuzhou, and was busy sending troops to Xuzhou. Xun Jue understood Cao Cao's thoughts and said: "Back then, Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty secured Guanzhong and Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu occupied Hanoi. They both had a solid base. They could advance enough to defeat the enemy and retreat enough to defend it, so it became a great cause. Now the general regardless of If we leave Yanzhou to attack Xuzhou, if we leave too many troops in Yanzhou, it will not be enough to capture Xuzhou; if we leave too few, if Lu Bu takes advantage of this opportunity, it will not be enough to defend Yanzhou. In the end, Yanzhou will be lost. Xuzhou has not taken it." He also pointed out, "It is the wheat harvest season now. I heard that Xuzhou has organized manpower to harvest the wheat outside the city and transport it into the city. This shows that they are ready. If the news comes, they will. The fortifications will be strengthened, all supplies will be transferred, and everything will be ready to attack us (the original text is: 'Today the east is harvesting wheat, the walls will be fortified and the fields will be clear to wait for the general'). In this way, your troops and horses are really gone, and the city cannot be attacked. , Nothing can be obtained, and within ten days, your army will collapse without a fight."
Cao Cao was very impressed by Xun Jue's words, and concentrated his troops from then on, and quickly defeated Lu Bu. . Later, he defeated Liu Bei and occupied Xuzhou.
"Strengthening the wall and clearing the wilderness": Strengthening the wall means strengthening city walls and fortresses; clearing the wilderness means collecting food and property in the wild. Strengthen the fortifications and move all the residents and supplies from the surrounding areas so that the enemy can neither attack in nor grab anything, so it cannot stand. This is a method of combat against a superior enemy.
The idiom "rising up" comes from "On the Passage of Qin" written by Jia Yi of the Western Han Dynasty. It talks about the peasant uprising led by Chen Sheng and Wu Guang at the end of Qin Dynasty.
In July 209 BC, the local official of Yangcheng (now southeast of Dengfeng, Henan Province) sent two officers to escort 900 poor and strong men to Yuyang (now Miyun County, Beijing City) Defend the frontier. The two officers then selected two strong men from among the strong men to serve as village chiefs, and asked them to manage the rest of the strong men. One of the two village chiefs was named Chen Sheng (zishe), a farmhand; the other was named Wu Guang, a poor peasant. The two of them didn't know each other before, but now they meet together and share the same fate, and they soon become good friends.
Chen Sheng, Wu Guang and his party rushed north without daring to delay at all. Because according to the decree of the Qin Dynasty, if you miss the date, you will be beheaded. However, they had just walked for a few days before arriving at Daze Township (now southwest of Su County, Anhui Province). It was raining heavily, so they had to camp and wait for the weather to clear before leaving. The rain kept falling again, and seeing that the date was delayed, Chen Sheng discussed with Wu Guang and said: "Even if we leave and miss the date, we will die; if we escape and are caught by the government, we will die. Anyway, it is death, so it is not as good as everyone They rebelled together, overthrew Qin II, and eliminated harm to the people."
Wu Guang is also a wise man. He agreed with Chen Sheng's opinion and agreed to use the names of Prince Fusu, who was killed by Qin II, and Xiang Yan (Xiang Yu's grandfather), the former general of Chu who was deeply supported by the masses, to call on the world to attack Qin II. World.
So Chen Sheng and Wu Guang took a few of their henchmen and hacked the two officers to death, then held up their heads and explained to everyone that those who rebelled without justice would die in vain. All of these hundreds of people suddenly expressed their willingness to risk their lives to work with Chen Sheng and Wu Guang. Everyone cut down trees as weapons, held high bamboo poles as flags, swore an oath to heaven, and worked together to overthrow Qin II and avenge Chu general Xiang Yan.
Everyone also publicly recommended Chen Sheng and Wu Guang as leaders, and Daze Township was immediately occupied. As soon as the farmers in Daze Township heard that Chen Sheng and Wu Guang had risen to resist the tyranny of the Qin Dynasty, young people came to the camp one after another with hoes, rakes, poles, and wooden sticks to join the army.
People simplify "cutting down trees to become soldiers, raising poles to become flags" into the idiom "raising poles to rise", which is a metaphor for holding high the flag of righteousness and rising up to resist. It generally refers to people's uprising.
Every tree and grass are soldiers
Wrapped in horse leather
Going into battle shirtless
A mob
Snatching the enemy
Besieged on all sides
p>
Use soldiers like gods
Be brave but not planful
All the people are soldiers
Found in the east and attack in the west
One man is in charge
Story: "Historical Records" records: When Liu Bang entered Xianyang in 207 BC, he "guarded Hangu Pass until Xiang Yu arrived, and was not allowed to enter." This shows the situation of "one man is in charge of the pass, and ten thousand men are not allowed to open it" at Hangu Pass. . In ancient times, there were several idiom stories related to Hangu Pass.
No one can fight
Every tree and grass is a soldier
A corpse wrapped in horse leather
Going into battle shirtless
A mob
Strike the grass and scare the snake
Besieged on all sides
Use soldiers like gods
Be brave but not have plans
All the people are soldiers
Sound in the east and attack in the west
Attack the enemy unprepared
Surprise the enemy
Strong walls and clear the country
Rise up
The story of being surrounded by enemies on all sides
Xiang Yu and Liu Bang were originally It was agreed that the east and west sides of the divide (in the Jialu River in today's Rong County, Henan Province) would be used as the boundary to prevent mutual infringement. Later, Liu Bang followed the advice of Zhang Liang and Chen Ping and felt that Xiang Yu should be eliminated while he was weak, so he joined forces with Han Xin, Peng Yue, and Liu Jia to pursue Xiang Yu's troops heading east to Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu). Finally, several layers of troops were deployed and Xiang Yu was tightly surrounded by Gaixia (in the southeast of today's Lingbi County, Anhui). At this time, Xiang Yu had very few soldiers and no food. At night, he heard the troops surrounding him singing the folk songs of Chu. He couldn't help but be very surprised and said: "Has Liu Bang already obtained Chu? Why are there so many Chu people in his army?" As he said this, he felt lost in his heart. After losing his fighting spirit, he got up from bed, drank wine in the tent, and sang with his favorite concubine Yu Ji. After singing, I burst into tears. The people nearby were also very sad and felt unable to lift their heads. After a while, Xiang Yu mounted his horse, took the remaining 800 cavalry, and broke out from the south to escape. He fought and fled, and then committed suicide by killing himself by the Wujiang River.
The Mob
Story: At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, after Wang Mang (from Daming County, Handan City) was defeated, Liu Xuan proclaimed himself emperor. Geng Fang, a native of Fufeng Maoling (now Shaanxi Province), followed his father Geng Kuang to defect to Liu Xuan. Not long after, Wang Lang, a native of Handan, claimed to be Liu Ziyu, the son of Emperor Cheng of the Han Dynasty. With the support of the Western Han Dynasty clan Liu Xiu and the wealthy Li Yu, he proclaimed himself emperor and established Handan as his capital. At this time, Geng Fan's subordinates Sun Cang and Wei Bao persuaded Geng Fan to surrender to Liu Zi and Wang Lang. Geng Kun was furious when he heard this. He pressed his sword and said, "Liu Zi and this rebel are at odds with each other! When I go to Chang'an and ask the emperor to mobilize troops from Yuyang and Shanggu to attack from Taiyuan and Daijun, we will go back and forth for dozens of days." If you can attack those 'rabble' with light cavalry, you will be able to win with overwhelming force. Anyone who doesn't know the overall situation and goes to those rebels will definitely suffer the disaster of annihilation and death! ?Book of Wei?Biography of Xun Jue (yù)".
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, after Cao Cao suppressed the Yellow Turban Army and occupied the Yanzhou area, he ambitiously prepared to capture the important area of ??Xuzhou.
At that time, there was a man named Xun Jue in Yingyang, Yingchuan (now Xuchang, Henan). He was a very talented man. He moved to Jizhou to avoid Dong Zhuo's rebellion, and was treated as an honored guest by Yuan Shao. He saw that Yuan Shao could not achieve great things, so he defected to Cao Cao's sect. Cao Cao was overjoyed and appointed him Sima. From then on, he followed Cao Cao in his southern and northern campaigns, making suggestions and winning Cao Cao's trust.
In 194 AD, Xuzhou Mu Tao Qian died of illness and gave Xuzhou to Liu Bei before his death. When the news came, Cao Cao could no longer hold back his desire to seize Xuzhou, and was busy sending troops to Xuzhou. Xun Jue understood Cao Cao's thoughts and said: "Back then, Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty secured Guanzhong and Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu occupied Hanoi. They both had a solid base. They could advance enough to defeat the enemy and retreat enough to defend it, so it became a great cause.
Now the general ignores Yanzhou and goes to attack Xuzhou. If we leave too many troops in Yanzhou, it will not be enough to capture Xuzhou; if we leave too little, if Lu Bu takes advantage of the opportunity at this time, it will not be enough to defend Yanzhou. In the end, Yanzhou must have been lost and Xuzhou was not taken. " He also pointed out, "It is the wheat harvest season now. I heard that Xuzhou has organized manpower to harvest the wheat outside the city and transport it into the city. This shows that they are already prepared. Once the news comes, they will definitely strengthen their defenses, transfer all supplies, and be ready to attack us. (The original text is: 'Now the east is harvesting wheat, and the walls must be fortified and the fields clear to wait for the general') . In this way, your soldiers and horses are really gone, the city cannot be attacked, and nothing can be obtained. Within ten days, your army will collapse without a fight. "
After hearing Xun Jue's words, Cao Cao admired him very much. From then on, he concentrated his troops and quickly defeated Lu Bu. Later, he defeated Liu Bei and occupied Xuzhou.
"Strong walls clear the country": Strong walls are to strengthen city walls and fortresses; clearing the wilderness is to store away food and property in the wild, and to strengthen fortifications and move all the residents and supplies from the surrounding areas so that the enemy can neither attack in nor grab anything, so they cannot stand. Stop. This is a method of fighting against a superior enemy.
The idiom "rising up" comes from "Guo Qin Lun" by Jia Yi of the Western Han Dynasty. It talks about the peasant uprising led by Chen Sheng and Wu Guang in the late Qin Dynasty.
In July 209 BC, the local official of Yangcheng (now southeast of Dengfeng, Henan Province) sent two officers to escort 900 poor and strong men to Yuyang (now Miyun County, Beijing City) To defend the frontier, the two officers selected two strong men from among the strong men to serve as village chiefs and let them manage the remaining strong men. One of the two chiefs was Chen Sheng (zi She), a farmhand; The other was named Wu Guang, a poor farmer. They didn't know each other before, but now they met and their common fate soon made them good friends.
Chen Sheng and Wu Guang went north. They hurried on without delay, because according to the law of the Qin Dynasty, if they missed the date, they would be beheaded. However, they had just walked for a few days and arrived at Daze Township (now southwest of Su County, Anhui) when it rained heavily. , had no choice but to camp and wait for the weather to clear before leaving. The rain kept falling, and seeing that the date was delayed, Chen Sheng discussed with Wu Guang and said, "Even if we leave, if we miss the date, we will die. If we escape, we will be arrested by the government." Living is also a death. It's just death anyway, so it's better for everyone to rebel together, overthrow Qin II, and eliminate harm for the people. "
Wu Guang is also a wise man. He agreed with Chen Sheng's opinion and agreed to use the help of Prince Fusu, who was killed by Qin II, and Xiang Yan, the former general of Chu State who was deeply supported by the masses. Xiang Yu's grandfather), in order to call on the world to attack Qin II.
So Chen Sheng and Wu Guang took a few of their henchmen and hacked the two officers to death, and then took their weapons. At the beginning, they explained to everyone that they would die in vain if they rebelled against righteousness. These hundreds of people suddenly expressed their willingness to risk their lives and join Chen Sheng and Wu Guang. They cut down trees as weapons and held high bamboo poles as flags to fight against the sky. They swore to work together to overthrow Qin II and avenge the Chu general Xiang Yan. Everyone also elected Chen Sheng and Wu Guang as their leaders, and the peasants of Daze Township immediately occupied Daze Township. Young people came to the camp with hoes, rakes, poles, and wooden sticks to join the army.
People simplified "cutting wood into soldiers and raising poles into flags" into the idiom "raising poles and rising up", which is a metaphor for holding high. The flag of righteousness refers to a people's uprising.