Guitian Record [Song Dynasty] Volume 1 of Guitian Record compiled by Ouyang Xiu

Emperor Taizu first visited Xiangguo Temple, went to burn incense in front of the Buddha statue, and asked whether he should worship or not. The monk recorded praise and memorial He said: "I don't worship." When asked why, he replied: "I don't worship the past Buddha when I see him." Those who praise Ning are well versed in writing and can speak eloquently. Although their words are similar to those of a haiku actor, they are still understandable, so they smile. He nodded and thought it was custom made. So far, I have been lucky enough to burn incense, but I have not worshiped him. The proposer thought it was a courtesy.

The Kaibao Temple Pagoda is the tallest among all the pagodas in the capital, and the fine system was built by the craftsman Yuhao. When the tower was first completed, it looked wrong and tilted to the northwest. Someone asked him about it strangely, and Hao said: "The capital is flat and has no mountains, but there are many northwest winds. It has been blowing for less than a hundred years, so it is right." This is the essence of his intentions. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, there has only been one carpenter. Up to now, all woodworking methods are based on pre-planned materials. There are three volumes of the Wooden Classic, and this is what is practiced in the world today.

In the system of a dynasty, we know that the imperial edict must be tested first and then issued. In the hundreds of years since the founding of the country, there have only been three people who have issued orders without trying: Chen Yaozuo, Yang Yi, and ★忝与奇伊尔.

Renzong was in the East Palace, and Lu Su Jian Gong (Zongdao) was the envoy. He lived outside Songmen, which is commonly known as Bathhouse Lane. There was a wine shop next to it, named Renhe. The wine was famous in the capital. The public often wears it easily (one is a piece of clothing), walks slightly, and drinks in it. One day, Zhenzong summoned the Duke urgently to ask questions. The messenger arrived at the door but the public was not there. When he arrived, he returned home after drinking from Renhe Si. The envoy from the middle suddenly came to Bai, and said to the convention: "If you blame the Duke for being late, what should I ask you to do? Fortunately, I will tell you beforehand, and I hope there will be no difference." The envoy said, "But tell the truth." The envoy said, "But you should be offended. "The Duke said: "It is common for people to drink alcohol, and it is a grave sin to deceive the emperor and his ministers." The envoy sighed and left. Zhenzong Guowen, the envoy is like a public servant. Zhenzong asked: "Why did you illicitly drink wine?" The Duke thanked him and said: "My family is poor and has no utensils, and the wine shop is fully equipped with all the utensils. The guests feel at home, and it is suitable for relatives and guests from the countryside to come from afar, so they drink with them." . However, since the minister is easy to obey, the people in the city do not know the minister. "Zhenzong said with a smile: "You are a palace minister, I am afraid that you will be fooled by the censor." However, Qi Gong thought that loyalty could be of great use. In his later years, every time when the Empress Dowager Zhang Xianmingsu said that the ministers could be of great use, there were several people, and one of them was publicized. It will be used in subsequent chapters.

During the Emperor Taizong's reign, the Jinshi examination was conducted in person, and the first person who passed the exam with the best test scores would be awarded the title. Sun He and Li Shuji were in the examination room together, and both were famous for their time. Shuji was quick at writing and thinking, so why did he think so hard [1]? The person who knew how to talk about things said: "Zi Zi is frivolous, and he does not ask for justice in writing, but only praises each other for his quickness and speed." The reason is: "The concubine and Ju Zi compose a poem in the cake shop, and the one who matures one cake into one rhyme is the winner. "Taizong was furious when he heard this. It was the palace examination at the end of the year, and the concubine was the first to take the exam, and he suddenly scolded him. Why is the first? 〔2〕

Therefore, Ding Gong and (Du) Chao Gong (Zong Chou), who participated in the political affairs, were both in the hall in the past, and they were happy and joking with each other. Because Chao moved his post, he asked Qi to thank Ding. At that time, Ding Fang was the judge of the herdsmen. He teased Chao and said, "If you ask me to do something, I won't answer you. You should be rewarded with a cart full of dung." Chao replied, "It is better to be killed than to be enlightened." "Those who hear it think it is good and right.

Shi Zizheng (neutral) is fond of banter, and there are many scholar-bureaucrats who can speak his language well. When he entered the court, he met King Jing to welcome him, but he was not allowed to enter through Donghua Gate, so he entered through Zuoye Gate. There was a scholar of the dynasty who asked Shi Yun: "Why do you enter from the left (Qu Sheng) Ye gate?" Shi Fang ★ class walked and answered: "★ is for the great (sound ★) King to welcome the teaching." Those who heard it said All laughed. Yang Danian played chess with a guest. The stone came from outside and sat in a corner. On New Year's Day, he recited Jia Yi's "Peng Fu" and said in a play: "I am just sitting in the corner, and my appearance is very leisurely." Shi Jun replied: "I can't speak, so please make assumptions."

The old man A person who can talk about the current affairs of the Five Dynasties said: Feng Xiang (Dao) and He Xiang (Ning) were both in Zhongshu. One day, He asked Feng: "The newly bought male boots, how straight are they?" Feng raised his left foot to show He and said: "Nine One hundred." Hexing was impatient, and he suddenly looked back and said, "How can I use one thousand eight hundred boots?" He was criticized for a long time. Feng Xu raised his right foot and said, "This is also nine hundred." Then Hengtang laughed. At that time, it was said that the prime minister was like this, how could he subdue hundreds of officials?

Qian Fushu (Ruoshui) encountered a strange person who taught him the method of fortune-telling, and the incident was very strange. Qian Gong later passed it down to Yang Danian, and the old people said that these two people had a lesson in knowing others. Zhong Jian, a native of Yangzhou, rarely studied the Ming Dynasty, and used a poor servant to write to his disciples in New Year. On New Year's Eve, he saw something strange and said: "You will be a Jinshi and your official will be distinguished." He taught him poetry.

Jian Tianxi was promoted to the first rank of Jinshi, and he was promoted to Zhenglang and Tianzhang Pavilion to wait for his death. Xie Xishen was a gift man, and he was particularly fond of his writings during the New Year. He happily accepted them every time he saw them, and sighed when he left. Zheng Tianxiu was at the public gate and saw him like this. He was surprised and asked about it. In the big year, he said: "This official is also a high-ranking official, but he is not as old as Zhongshouer." Six, everything is as it says. At the beginning of Xishen's reign, he served as a courtesy man and locked the hall in response to the Jinshi election, and to announce his visit to the New Year. There is a saying: "The bell is hanging in the sky, and there is no gentleman in mind. If you disband and ignore it, how can you publicize it like the common people!" This is what he wrote in the New Year. Four sentences on the fan said: "The tiger is in this article." This is why it is famous.

At the time of Taizu, Guo Jin was inspecting the Western Mountains. He reported that Liu Jiyuan, who had a yin to the east of the river, would have different ambitions. Taizu was furious and framed him

Loyal ministers, ordered Bind the person to advance and let him deal with it himself. He entered without killing, saying: "If you can take Jiyuan's city and village for me, I will not only redeem your death, but also ask you to become an official." After more than a year, the people lured him to surrender a city. If you send the document to the court, please reward it with an official. Taizu said: "You have falsely accused me of being loyal and good, so that I can redeem my death, and I will not get the reward!" He ordered the person to return the favor, and Jin asked again: "If the envoy breaks his promise, he cannot be used." Taizu then rewarded him. With one official. This is how it is between kings and ministers.

The public of Lu Su Jian was upright and upright, jealous of his poor appearance and hated by villains. His private eyes were "fish heads". When Zhang Xian hangs the curtain, he often has benefits and makes correct remarks, and many scholars and officials can explain it. After the Duke died, [3] Taichang gave his posthumous title "Gang Jian". The people who discussed it did not know that it was a good posthumous title, and thought it was because of the posthumous title that he was being ridiculed, so they changed it to "Su Jian". Gong and Zhang Wenjie Gong (Zhibai) When the curtains were hanging, they were both writing in Zhongshu. Both of them regarded Qing Jie Zhidao as a famous official at that time, and Lu You was simple. If it is called "rigid simplicity", it is especially true.

When Song Shangshu (Qi) was a commoner, it was unknown. Sun Xuan Gong* saw this strange person and became a close friend. In the later Song Dynasty, he was promoted to Jinshi, and he suddenly became famous. In his old life, he was called Xuan Gongzhiren. Gongchang said to him (none of them had this character) that his disciples said: "In modern times, posthumous titles use two characters, but civil servants must use the posthumous title as a text, which is not ancient. When I die, the posthumous title is 'Xuan', if it is 'Dai', it is enough." When the Duke died, he was appointed as a ceremonial officer in the Song Dynasty, so he was given the posthumous title "Xuan", which fulfilled his ambition.

In the second year of Jiayou's reign, Tian Gong (Kuang), the privy envoy, was dismissed as Shangshu Youcheng, bachelor of Guanwen Palace and bachelor of Imperial Academy. Dismiss the privy envoy to reduce the numbness and stop it to control it. In the past, Gao Ruona dismissed the privy envoy, and his official position was the same as that of Tian Gong, and he did not lower hemp, so he thought it was a story. [4] During the reign of Emperor Zhenzong, Ding Jin Gong (called) Pingjiang Army Jiedushi removed the Minister of War and participated in political affairs. The Jiedushi was supposed to reduce hemp, but the court discussed it and cherished it, so it stopped and eliminated it. The recent Prime Minister Chen (Zhizhong) stopped sending ministers to get rid of Pushe, but he was able to lower the hemp. Pang Ji stopped envoys to Jiedu, except for the great scholar of Guanwen Palace, but he did not get hemp. The cover is not customizable.

Between Baoyuan and Kangding, I demoted myself and returned to the capital. When I saw Wang Junkuanchu, he was a layman and returned from the Khitan envoy. While I was sitting there for the rest of the day, I saw Duzhi, the escort team, and the horse and infantry troops in front of the palace standing outside the door. They presented a list and said, "I dare not ask for permission to see you." To (no such word) In the third year of Qingli, I became a sacrificer, so this ceremony has been abolished. However, when the officials and officials of the three yamen met on the road and saw Shi's people, the one who greeted him immediately gathered his horse and stood still. The person in front of him shouted, "Today's Lieutenant, please mount your horse!" He sent people to thank him urgently, and compared with Shi's people and horses, he then dared to go. After serving as an official for ten years, he returned and then entered the Imperial Academy as a bachelor. He saw that the three yamen were very powerful. He was no longer like that at that time. He met the bachelor and passed by in separate ways. There was no courtesy to avoid him. The two systems gradually became lighter. And the three yamen are getting heavier. [5] Old system: The guards and the front of the palace are divided into two divisions. Since the Guards Department did not have the commander of the cavalry and infantry army, but only the commander of the cavalry army and the infantry army (one of them was the commander of the horse and infantry troops), the first department of the bodyguards was divided into two, so it was divided into three yamen together with the department in front of the palace. The military system of the Five Dynasties no longer has any rules and regulations, and now there are many people who are not the same as the old system.

The money minted in the national treasure is called "Song Tong Yuan Bao", and the highest treasure Yuan Zhong is called "Huang Song Tong Bao". In recent times, the coins are all marked with the year name, but these two coins are not like this. Since the year name contains the word "宝", the text cannot be repeated.

In the sixth year of Taizu's Jianlong reign, the general discussed the change to the Yuan Dynasty and asked the prime minister not to use the old title of the previous life, so he changed the Yuan Dynasty to Qiande. Later, because he saw the name of Qiande on the back of his wife's mirror in the ban, he asked Tao Gu, a scholar, and Gu said: [7] "This is the fake reign name of Shu." After asking his wife, he found out that it was the king of Shu. People of the time. Because of this, Taizu valued Confucian scholars more and more, but he lamented that the prime minister was ill-informed.

〔8〕

When Renzong came to the throne, he changed the name to Tiansheng in the Yuan Dynasty. In the chapter of the time, Empress Dowager Su of the Ming Dynasty came to the court to call the system. The commentator said that the person who wrote the title took the word "Tian" and called it "two people" in the text, thinking that it was "two people". The one who pleases you is the Queen Mother. In the ninth year of the reign of Emperor Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty was changed to the Ming Dynasty, and the Ming Dynasty was considered to have the same meaning as "二人". Nothing, in order to violate the Khitan taboo, next year he suddenly changed his name to Jingyou. At that time, there was a severe drought in the world, so he changed the Yuan imperial edict to welcome harmony. In the fifth year, Yinjiao changed the name to Baoyuan. Since the early days of Jingyou, the ministers admired Tang Xuanzong for adding the title Kaiyuan, so they asked him to add Jingyou to the title, as did Zhibaoyuan. At that year, Zhao Yuanhao rebelled against Hexi and changed his surname to Yuan. The court was displeased with this and suddenly changed the name to Kangding from Yuan without adding the honorific title. The good people also said, "Kangding is a posthumous title." Next year it will be called Qingli. In the ninth year, there was a severe drought, especially in Hebei Province. Eighteen or nine people died, so the name was changed to Huangyou, which is also Jingyou. In the sixth year, there was a solar eclipse on the first day of April, which was called the Zhengyang month. It has been tabooed since ancient times, and it was also changed to the Yuan Dynasty and was called Zhihe. Three years later, Renzong did not hesitate. After a long period of recovery, he changed his name to Jiayou. From Tiansheng to this day, every year has a name of nine, [nine] has a meaning.

Kou Zhongmin Gong (quasi) was demoted. At first, he knew Anzhou as a minister, and then he was demoted to deputy envoy of Hengzhou, then demoted to Daozhou Jijia, and then demoted to secretary of Leizhou. At that time, Ding Jin Gong and Feng Xiang (Zheng) were writing in Zhongshu. Ding Dang held the pen and wanted to demote Yazhou for the first time, but Ding Hu doubted himself and said to Feng: "Yazhou will step into the whale wave again, how about it?" Feng Weiwei. Ding Naixu proposed Leizhou. When Ding was demoted, Feng Sui proposed to Yazhou. At that time, the good people said to each other: "If you see the Leizhou bandit Sihu, you will never meet again in life." To the south of Biding, the bandit moved to Daozhou again. When the bandit heard that Ding was coming, Send people to steam the difference to go against the environment, and accept their young servants. Dumen will not let them out, and many people who hear them regard it as appropriate.

Yang Wengong (100 million) is good at the world with his writing, but his character is strong and uncooperative. If there are evil people, use things to ridicule them. In the New Year's Eve, I was in the Bachelor's College. Suddenly I was summoned to a small pavilion at night, and I was in a forbidden place. After seeing the gift of tea, he calmly consulted, and after a while, he published several boxes of articles to indicate the new year: "You know that although Qian Sigong grew up rich and noble, he had few hobbies. When he was in Xiluo, he tried to talk to his subordinates and said that he was the only one in his life. He likes reading. He reads classics and history when sitting down, novels when lying down, and small poems when going to the toilet. The sound of satirical recitation can be heard far and near, and this is how he studied hard. Yu Yin said to Xi Shen, "Most of the articles I wrote in my life were written on three subjects, namely on horseback, on pillows, and on toilets." But this can especially belong to Si ④. ”

Translation:

Although Qian Sigong came from a wealthy family, he had no hobbies. When he was in Luoyang, Xijing, he once told his officials that he only liked reading in his life, and he read scriptures while sitting. When he was studying history, he would read various miscellaneous notes while lying on the bed. He would probably never leave his book for even a moment when he went to the toilet. The sound of writing and reciting books is clear and can be heard from far and near. He is also so eager to learn. So I told Xi Shen, "Most of the articles I have written in my life have been written on three subjects, that is, on horseback, on pillows, and on toilets." This is probably the only place that can be conceived. ”

① Qian Sigong: Qian Weiyan, one of the representative writers of "Xikun style" in the Northern Song Dynasty. Xie Xishen (Xie Jiang) and Song Gongchui (Song Shou) mentioned below were also famous for their literature. .

②Xiluo: Luoyang, Xijing

③Xiaoci: refers to short poems

④Thinking and conception